Capital cities through history, with dates
Every capital city recorded in Wikidata for today's sovereign states and for historical states (kingdoms, empires, republics that no longer exist), with the dates each city was the capital where known. One row is one city's period as capital of one state.
Columns
Stable keys — use them in the API, SQL and code
| Key | Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| id | ID | string | Wikidata statement id. |
| country_name | State | string | — |
| country_wikidata | State (Wikidata) | entity | — |
| country | ISO3 | country | ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 code, for present-day states only. |
| state_status | Status | string | 'sovereign state' (exists today) or 'historical state'. |
| capital | Capital | string | — |
| capital_wikidata | Capital (Wikidata) | entity | — |
| from | From | date | Date the city became the capital, at the precision Wikidata records. |
| until | Until | date | Date the city stopped being the capital, at the precision Wikidata records. |
| from_year | From year | year | — |
| until_year | Until year | year | — |
| years_as_capital | Years as capital | integer | Until year minus from year, when both are known. |
| current | Current | boolean | True for the present capital of a sovereign state. |
| role | Role | string | Qualifier for states with several capitals, e.g. 'seat of government'. |
| capitals_count | Capitals per state | integer | Distinct capital cities recorded for this state. |
| lat | Latitude | number | — |
| lon | Longitude | number | — |
More in Countries & Places
Operating power plants in the United States
Every operating U.S. power plant with at least 1 MW of generating capacity, from the EIA's monthly generator inventory (Form EIA-860M): location, operator, main technology, capacity and first year online. One row per plant, summed from its generators.
Major battles in history
Battles recorded in Wikidata that have articles in at least 10 language editions of Wikipedia, with date, the war each was part of, location, present-day country, coordinates, participants and deaths where recorded. One row per battle.
Tallest buildings in the world
Completed buildings and skyscrapers with an architectural height of at least 100 metres, as recorded in Wikidata. One row per building.
Orbital launches by country and year
Number of orbital and deep-space launch attempts per country per year since 1957, split into successes and failures, with the payload mass delivered to orbit. One row per country per year.
Countries of the world: key economic and social indicators
Every country with its region, income group and capital, plus the latest available value and year of 20 World Bank indicators from population and GDP to life expectancy, CO₂ per person and inequality. One row per country.
Countries of the world
Every present-day sovereign state with its ISO codes, capital, continent, area, population, official languages, currency, head of state and government, founding date, calling code, internet domain and flag. One row per country.