{"rank":1,"name":"Albert Einstein","wikidata":"Q937","description":"German-born theoretical physicist (1879–1955)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1879-03-14","death_date":"1955-04-18","country":null,"citizenship":"statelessness; Switzerland; Germany; United States","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":11,"sitelinks":321,"hpi":94.83,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Albert%20Einstein%20Head%20cleaned.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2,"name":"Karl Marx","wikidata":"Q9061","description":"German-born philosopher (1818–1883)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1818-05-05","death_date":"1883-03-14","country":null,"citizenship":"statelessness","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":4,"sitelinks":312,"hpi":92.24,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Karl%20Marx%20001%20restored.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":3,"name":"Isaac Newton","wikidata":"Q935","description":"English mathematician and physicist (1642–1727)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1643-01-04","death_date":"1727-03-31","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Great Britain; Kingdom of England","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":303,"hpi":99.44,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/GodfreyKneller-IsaacNewton-1689.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":4,"name":"Charles Darwin","wikidata":"Q1035","description":"English naturalist and biologist (1809–1882)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1809-02-12","death_date":"1882-04-19","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":8,"sitelinks":279,"hpi":91.48,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Charles%20Darwin%20portrait.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":5,"name":"Galileo Galilei","wikidata":"Q307","description":"Italian polymath (1564–1642)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1564-02-25","death_date":"1642-01-08","country":null,"citizenship":"Duchy of Florence; Grand Duchy of Tuscany","birth_country":"ITA","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":270,"hpi":95.08,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Galileo.arp.300pix.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":6,"name":"Sigmund Freud","wikidata":"Q9215","description":"Austrian psychiatrist and founder of psychoanalysis (1856–1939)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1856-05-06","death_date":"1939-09-23","country":"AUT","citizenship":"Austria","birth_country":"CZE","notable_works":6,"sitelinks":253,"hpi":91.09,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sigmund%20Freud%2C%20by%20Max%20Halberstadt%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":7,"name":"Marie Curie","wikidata":"Q7186","description":"Polish-born French physicist and chemist (1867–1934)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1867-11-07","death_date":"1934-07-04","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"POL","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":248,"hpi":94.3,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Marie%20Curie%20(1900)%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":8,"name":"Archimedes","wikidata":"Q8739","description":"Greek mathematician and physicist (c. 287 – c. 212 BC)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"-286","death_date":"-211","country":"ITA","citizenship":"Syracuse","birth_country":"ITA","notable_works":11,"sitelinks":246,"hpi":93.41,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Retrato%20de%20un%20erudito%20(%C2%BFArqu%C3%ADmedes%3F)%2C%20por%20Domenico%20Fetti.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":9,"name":"Adam Smith","wikidata":"Q9381","description":"Scottish moral philosopher and political economist (1723–1790)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1723-06","death_date":"1790-07-17","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Great Britain","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":224,"hpi":92.99,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/AdamSmith.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":10,"name":"Carl Linnaeus","wikidata":"Q1043","description":"Swedish botanist, physician, and zoologist (1707–1778); developed the foundations of modern taxonomy","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1707-05-23","death_date":"1778-01-10","country":"SWE","citizenship":"Sweden","birth_country":"SWE","notable_works":11,"sitelinks":215,"hpi":90.16,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Carl%20von%20Linn%C3%A9.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":11,"name":"Nicolaus Copernicus","wikidata":"Q619","description":"Polish mathematician and astronomer (1473-1543)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1473-02-28","death_date":"1543-06-03","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Poland","birth_country":"POL","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":214,"hpi":93.78,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nikolaus%20Kopernikus%20MOT.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":12,"name":"Louis Pasteur","wikidata":"Q529","description":"French chemist and microbiologist (1822-1895)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1822-12-27","death_date":"1895-09-28","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":213,"hpi":89.24,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Louis%20Pasteur%20(1822%20-%201895)%2C%20microbiologist%20and%20chemist%20Wellcome%20V0026980.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":13,"name":"Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz","wikidata":"Q9047","description":"German mathematician and philosopher (1646–1716)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1646-07-01","death_date":"1716-11-14","country":null,"citizenship":"Electorate of Saxony","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":10,"sitelinks":206,"hpi":92,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Christoph%20Bernhard%20Francke%20-%20Bildnis%20des%20Philosophen%20Leibniz%20(ca.%201695).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":14,"name":"Euclid","wikidata":"Q8747","description":"ancient Greek mathematician (fl. 300 BC)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"-350","death_date":"-284","country":"GRC","citizenship":"Classical Athens","birth_country":"EGY","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":203,"hpi":90.02,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Euklid2.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":15,"name":"Stephen Hawking","wikidata":"Q17714","description":"British theoretical physicist, cosmologist and author (1942–2018)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1942-01-08","death_date":"2018-03-14","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":7,"sitelinks":201,"hpi":88.36,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Stephen%20Hawking.StarChild.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":16,"name":"Carl Friedrich Gauss","wikidata":"Q6722","description":"German mathematician and physicist (1777–1855)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1777-04-30","death_date":"1855-02-23","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Hanover; Confederation of the Rhine","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":8,"sitelinks":200,"hpi":91.44,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Carl%20Friedrich%20Gauss.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":17,"name":"Blaise Pascal","wikidata":"Q1290","description":"French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and Christian philosopher (1623-1662)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1623-06-19","death_date":"1662-08-19","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":14,"sitelinks":195,"hpi":91.04,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Blaise%20Pascal%20Versailles.JPG?width=320"}
{"rank":18,"name":"Alfred Nobel","wikidata":"Q23810","description":"Swedish chemist and inventor (1833–1896)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1833-10-21","death_date":"1896-12-10","country":"SWE","citizenship":"Sweden","birth_country":"SWE","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":192,"hpi":88.86,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/AlfredNobel2.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":19,"name":"Leonhard Euler","wikidata":"Q7604","description":"Swiss mathematician, physicist, and engineer (1707–1783)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1707-04-15","death_date":"1783-09-18","country":null,"citizenship":"Russian Empire; Kingdom of Prussia; Old Swiss Confederacy","birth_country":"CHE","notable_works":20,"sitelinks":191,"hpi":87.6,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Leonhard%20Euler.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":20,"name":"Alan Turing","wikidata":"Q7251","description":"English computer scientist (1912–1954)","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1912-06-23","death_date":"1954-06-07","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":15,"sitelinks":190,"hpi":85.14,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Alan%20Turing%20(1951)%20(crop).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":21,"name":"John Maynard Keynes","wikidata":"Q9317","description":"British economist (1883–1946)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1883-06-05","death_date":"1946-04-21","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":6,"sitelinks":187,"hpi":82.77,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Keynes%201933.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":22,"name":"Johannes Kepler","wikidata":"Q8963","description":"German mathematician and astronomer (1571–1630)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1572-01-06","death_date":"1630-11-15","country":null,"citizenship":"Duchy of Württemberg; Holy Roman Empire","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":6,"sitelinks":186,"hpi":89.24,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Johannes%20Kepler%20by%20Hans%20von%20Aachen.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":22,"name":"Niels Bohr","wikidata":"Q7085","description":"Danish physicist (1885–1962)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1885-10-07","death_date":"1962-11-18","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Denmark","birth_country":"DNK","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":186,"hpi":85.49,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Niels%20Bohr.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":24,"name":"Bertrand Russell","wikidata":"Q33760","description":"British philosopher and logician (1872–1970)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1872-05-18","death_date":"1970-02-02","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":16,"sitelinks":185,"hpi":82.69,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bertrand%20Russell%20photo.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":25,"name":"Max Planck","wikidata":"Q9021","description":"German theoretical physicist (1858–1947)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1858-04-23","death_date":"1947-10-04","country":null,"citizenship":"German Reich","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":183,"hpi":85.41,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Max%20Planck.png?width=320"}
{"rank":26,"name":"Michael Faraday","wikidata":"Q8750","description":"British scientist (1791–1867)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1791-09-22","death_date":"1867-08-25","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Great Britain; United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":180,"hpi":86.08,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/M%20Faraday%20Th%20Phillips%20oil%201842.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":27,"name":"Dmitri Mendeleev","wikidata":"Q9106","description":"Russian chemist (1834–1907)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1834-02-08","death_date":"1907-02-02","country":null,"citizenship":"Russian Empire","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":179,"hpi":86.92,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Dmitri%20Mendeleev.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":28,"name":"Ernest Rutherford","wikidata":"Q9123","description":"New Zealand physicist (1871–1937)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1871-08-30","death_date":"1937-10-19","country":"NZL","citizenship":"New Zealand","birth_country":"NZL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":174,"hpi":83.66,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ernest%20Rutherford%20LOC.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":29,"name":"Max Weber","wikidata":"Q9387","description":"German sociologist, philosopher, and political economist (1864–1920)","occupation":"Sociologist","birth_date":"1864-04-21","death_date":"1920-06-14","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":10,"sitelinks":172,"hpi":87.2,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Max%20Weber%20in%201918.png?width=320"}
{"rank":30,"name":"Enrico Fermi","wikidata":"Q8753","description":"Italian–American physicist (1901–1954)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1901-09-29","death_date":"1954-11-28","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Italy","birth_country":"ITA","notable_works":8,"sitelinks":171,"hpi":83.22,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Enrico%20Fermi%201943-49.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":31,"name":"Omar Khayyám","wikidata":"Q35900","description":"Persian mathematician and poet (1048–1131)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1048-05-24","death_date":"1131-12-11","country":null,"citizenship":"Seljuk Empire","birth_country":"IRN","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":168,"hpi":86.69,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Omar%20Khayyam2.JPG?width=320"}
{"rank":32,"name":"Muḥammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi","wikidata":"Q9038","description":"9th-century Persian mathematician and astronomer","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"0780","death_date":"0850","country":null,"citizenship":null,"birth_country":"TKM","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":166,"hpi":90.62,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Madrid%20-%20Ciudad%20Universitaria%2C%20Monumento%20a%20Muhammad%20al-Juarismi%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":33,"name":"David Hilbert","wikidata":"Q41585","description":"German mathematician (1862–1943)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1862-01-23","death_date":"1943-02-14","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia; Nazi Germany; German Empire; Weimar Republic","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":165,"hpi":81.2,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hilbert.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":34,"name":"Erwin Schrödinger","wikidata":"Q9130","description":"Austrian physicist (1887–1961)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1887-08-12","death_date":"1961-01-04","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"AUT","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":164,"hpi":84.23,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Erwin%20Schr%C3%B6dinger%20-%20Narodowe%20Archiwum%20Cyfrowe%20(1-E-939).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":35,"name":"James Clerk Maxwell","wikidata":"Q9095","description":"Scottish physicist (1831–1879)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1831-06-13","death_date":"1879-11-05","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":4,"sitelinks":163,"hpi":82.02,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/James-Clerk-Maxwell-1831-1879.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":35,"name":"Tim Berners-Lee","wikidata":"Q80","description":"English computer scientist (born 1955)","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1955-06-08","death_date":null,"country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":7,"sitelinks":163,"hpi":75.05,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LS3%204919%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":37,"name":"Wilhelm Röntgen","wikidata":"Q35149","description":"German physicist (1845–1923)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1845-03-27","death_date":"1923-02-10","country":null,"citizenship":"Weimar Republic; Kingdom of Prussia; German Empire","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":157,"hpi":87.15,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Wilhelm%20Conrad%20R%C3%B6ntgen%20(1888-1900)%2C%2088374%20p.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":37,"name":"Richard Feynman","wikidata":"Q39246","description":"American theoretical physicist (1918–1988)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1918-05-11","death_date":"1988-02-15","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":15,"sitelinks":157,"hpi":78.55,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/RichardFeynman-PaineMansionWoods1984%20copyrightTamikoThiel%20bw.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":39,"name":"Carl Jung","wikidata":"Q41532","description":"Swiss psychiatrist and psychotherapist (1875–1961)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1875-07-26","death_date":"1961-06-06","country":"CHE","citizenship":"Switzerland","birth_country":"CHE","notable_works":9,"sitelinks":153,"hpi":85.6,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/ETH-BIB-Jung%2C%20Carl%20Gustav%20(1875-1961)-Portrait-Portr%2014163%20(cropped).tif?width=320"}
{"rank":39,"name":"Linus Torvalds","wikidata":"Q34253","description":"Finnish software engineer (born 1969)","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1969-12-28","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"Finland; United States","birth_country":"FIN","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":153,"hpi":69.1,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Lc3%202018%20(263682303)%20(cropped).jpeg?width=320"}
{"rank":41,"name":"Giordano Bruno","wikidata":"Q36330","description":"Italian Dominican friar, philosopher and mathematician (1548–1600)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1548-01","death_date":"1600-02-17","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Naples","birth_country":"ITA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":151,"hpi":88.57,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Portrait%20of%20Giordano%20Bruno%20in%20%22Opere%22%20Wellcome%20L0015152%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":41,"name":"John Stuart Mill","wikidata":"Q50020","description":"British philosopher and political economist (1806–1873)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1806-05-20","death_date":"1873-05-08","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":151,"hpi":80.26,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/John%20Stuart%20Mill%20by%20London%20Stereoscopic%20Company%2C%20c1870.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":43,"name":"Carl Sagan","wikidata":"Q410","description":"American astrophysicist, cosmologist and author (1934–1996)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1934-11-09","death_date":"1996-12-20","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":6,"sitelinks":143,"hpi":76.23,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Carl%20Sagan%20Planetary%20Society.JPG?width=320"}
{"rank":44,"name":"Alexander von Humboldt","wikidata":"Q6694","description":"Prussian geographer, naturalist and explorer (1769–1859)","occupation":"Geographer","birth_date":"1769-09-14","death_date":"1859-05-06","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":141,"hpi":83.38,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Stieler%2C%20Joseph%20Karl%20-%20Alexander%20von%20Humboldt%20-%201843.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":45,"name":"Werner Heisenberg","wikidata":"Q40904","description":"German theoretical physicist and nobel prize winner (1901–1976)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1901-12-05","death_date":"1976-02-01","country":null,"citizenship":"Weimar Republic; West Germany; German Empire; Nazi Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":4,"sitelinks":140,"hpi":83.5,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bundesarchiv%20Bild183-R57262%2C%20Werner%20Heisenberg.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":45,"name":"Richard Stallman","wikidata":"Q7439","description":"American software freedom activist, short story writer and computer programmer, founder of the GNU project","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1953-03-16","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":11,"sitelinks":140,"hpi":80.58,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Richard%20Stallman%20Bologna%202024%20abc1.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":47,"name":"Ptolemy","wikidata":"Q34943","description":"2nd-century Roman mathematician, astronomer, geographer","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"0100","death_date":"0170","country":null,"citizenship":"Ancient Rome","birth_country":"EGY","notable_works":12,"sitelinks":138,"hpi":87.07,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/PSM%20V78%20D326%20Ptolemy.png?width=320"}
{"rank":48,"name":"James Prescott Joule","wikidata":"Q8962","description":"English physicist and brewer (1818–1889)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1818-12-24","death_date":"1889-10-11","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":136,"hpi":83.91,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/SS-joule.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":48,"name":"Richard Dawkins","wikidata":"Q44461","description":"English ethologist, evolutionary biologist and author (born 1941)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1941-03-26","death_date":null,"country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"KEN","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":136,"hpi":75.49,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Dinner%20with%20Richard%20Dawkins%20and%20CFI...%20like%20a%20candle%20in%20the%20dark.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":50,"name":"Alexander Fleming","wikidata":"Q37064","description":"Scottish biologist, pharmacologist, botanist, and Nobel laureate (1881–1955)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1881-08-06","death_date":"1955-03-11","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":135,"hpi":84.76,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Synthetic%20Production%20of%20Penicillin%20TR1468.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":51,"name":"Gregor Mendel","wikidata":"Q37970","description":"Moravian scientist and Augustinian friar (1822–1884)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1822-07-20","death_date":"1884-01-06","country":null,"citizenship":"Austrian Empire; Cisleithania","birth_country":"CZE","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":134,"hpi":85.69,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gregor%20Mendel%202.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":51,"name":"Milton Friedman","wikidata":"Q47426","description":"American economist and statistician (1912–2006)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1912-07-31","death_date":"2006-11-16","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":134,"hpi":77.39,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Portrait%20Of%20Milton%20Friedman%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":53,"name":"Ada Lovelace","wikidata":"Q7259","description":"English mathematician (1815–1852)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1815-12-10","death_date":"1852-11-27","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":133,"hpi":87.83,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ada%20Byron%20daguerreotype%20by%20Antoine%20Claudet%201843%20or%201850%20-%20cropped.png?width=320"}
{"rank":53,"name":"Joseph Fourier","wikidata":"Q8772","description":"French mathematician and physicist (1768 – 1830)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1768-03-21","death_date":"1830-05-16","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":5,"sitelinks":133,"hpi":80.98,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fourier2.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":55,"name":"Pierre Curie","wikidata":"Q37463","description":"French physicist and chemist (1859–1906)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1859-05-15","death_date":"1906-04-19","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":131,"hpi":84.35,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pierre%20Curie%20by%20Dujardin%20c1906.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":55,"name":"Henri Poincaré","wikidata":"Q81082","description":"French mathematician, physicist and engineer (1854–1912)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1854-04-29","death_date":"1912-07-17","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":27,"sitelinks":131,"hpi":81.48,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Henri%20Poincar%C3%A9-2.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":57,"name":"J. Robert Oppenheimer","wikidata":"Q132537","description":"American theoretical physicist (1904–1967)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1904-04-22","death_date":"1967-02-18","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":129,"hpi":90.85,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Oppenheimer%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":57,"name":"Antoine Lavoisier","wikidata":"Q39607","description":"French nobleman and chemist (1743–1794)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1743-08-26","death_date":"1794-05-08","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":129,"hpi":86.04,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/David%20-%20Portrait%20of%20Monsieur%20Lavoisier%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":59,"name":"Pierre-Simon Laplace","wikidata":"Q44481","description":"French mathematician and astronomer (1749–1827)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1749-03-23","death_date":"1827-03-05","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":14,"sitelinks":127,"hpi":81.34,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pierre-Simon%2C%20marquis%20de%20Laplace%20(1745-1827)%20-%20Gu%C3%A9rin.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":60,"name":"Fibonacci","wikidata":"Q8763","description":"Italian mathematician (c.1170–c.1240/50)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1170","death_date":"1240","country":null,"citizenship":"Republic of Pisa","birth_country":"ITA","notable_works":6,"sitelinks":126,"hpi":89.74,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fibonacci5.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":60,"name":"Theodor Mommsen","wikidata":"Q25351","description":"German classical scholar and historian (1817–1903)","occupation":"Archaeologist","birth_date":"1817-11-30","death_date":"1903-11-01","country":null,"citizenship":"Duchy of Schleswig; German Reich; Kingdom of Prussia; German Empire","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":126,"hpi":80.87,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Theodor%20Mommsen%2002.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":62,"name":"Émile Durkheim","wikidata":"Q15948","description":"French sociologist (1858–1917)","occupation":"Sociologist","birth_date":"1858-04-15","death_date":"1917-11-15","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":125,"hpi":85.14,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/%C3%89mile%20Durkheim.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":62,"name":"Brahmagupta","wikidata":"Q202943","description":"Indian mathematician and astronomer (c. 598 – c. 668 CE)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"0598","death_date":"0670","country":null,"citizenship":null,"birth_country":"IND","notable_works":10,"sitelinks":125,"hpi":78.74,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hindu%20astronomer%2C%2019th-century%20illustration.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":64,"name":"Ivan Pavlov","wikidata":"Q42985","description":"Russian physiologist (1849–1936)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1849-09-26","death_date":"1936-02-27","country":null,"citizenship":"Soviet Union","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":124,"hpi":83.05,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ivan%20Pavlov%20NLM3.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":64,"name":"William James","wikidata":"Q125249","description":"American philosopher, psychologist, and pragmatist (1842–1910)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1842-01-11","death_date":"1910-08-26","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":124,"hpi":78.62,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/William%20James%20by%20Alice%20M.%20Boughton%2C%20c.%201907%2C%20platinum%20print%2C%20from%20the%20National%20Portrait%20Gallery%20-%20NPG-NPG%2087%2037James-000001%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":66,"name":"Tycho Brahe","wikidata":"Q36620","description":"Danish astronomer and alchemist, 1546–1601","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1546-12-24","death_date":"1601-10-24","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Denmark","birth_country":"SWE","notable_works":6,"sitelinks":123,"hpi":83.46,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Portr%C3%A4tt%20av%20Tycho%20Brahe%20-%20Skoklosters%20slott%20-%2090153.tif?width=320"}
{"rank":66,"name":"Paul Dirac","wikidata":"Q47480","description":"British theoretical physicist (1902–1984)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1902-08-08","death_date":"1984-10-20","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":16,"sitelinks":123,"hpi":77.91,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Paul%20Dirac%2C%201933.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":68,"name":"John von Neumann","wikidata":"Q17455","description":"Hungarian and American mathematician and physicist (1903–1957)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1903-12-28","death_date":"1957-02-08","country":null,"citizenship":"Hungary; United States","birth_country":"HUN","notable_works":19,"sitelinks":122,"hpi":79.93,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/JohnvonNeumann-LosAlamos.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":68,"name":"Jane Goodall","wikidata":"Q184746","description":"English primatologist and anthropologist (1934–2025)","occupation":"Anthropologist","birth_date":"1934-04-03","death_date":"2025-10-01","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":122,"hpi":75.73,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Deputy%20Secretary%20Higginbottom%20Poses%20for%20a%20Photo%20With%20Dr.%20Jane%20Goodall%20and%20the%20State%20Department's%20Global%20Health%20Diplomacy%20Director%20Jordan%20in%20Washington%20(22365513310)%20(2)%20(cropped%202).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":70,"name":"André-Marie Ampère","wikidata":"Q675","description":"French physicist and mathematician (1775–1836)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1775-01-20","death_date":"1836-06-10","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":5,"sitelinks":120,"hpi":84.3,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ampere%20portrait%20at%20the%20Musee%20Poleymieux.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":70,"name":"Joseph John Thomson","wikidata":"Q47285","description":"British physicist (1856-1940)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1856-12-18","death_date":"1940-08-30","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":120,"hpi":83.98,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/J.J.%20Thomson%20LCCN2014715407.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":70,"name":"Christiaan Huygens","wikidata":"Q39599","description":"Dutch mathematician, physicist and astronomer (1629–1695)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1629-04-14","death_date":"1695-07-08","country":null,"citizenship":"Dutch Republic","birth_country":"NLD","notable_works":6,"sitelinks":120,"hpi":82.04,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Christiaan-huygens4.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":70,"name":"Max Born","wikidata":"Q58978","description":"German-Jewish physicist and mathematician (1882–1970)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1882-12-11","death_date":"1970-01-05","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":120,"hpi":78.04,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Max%20Born.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":74,"name":"Alessandro Volta","wikidata":"Q680","description":"Italian chemist and physicist (1745–1827)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1745-02-18","death_date":"1827-03-05","country":null,"citizenship":"Cisalpine Republic; Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia; Duchy of Milan","birth_country":"ITA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":117,"hpi":85.34,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Alessandro%20Volta.jpeg?width=320"}
{"rank":74,"name":"Hendrik Lorentz","wikidata":"Q41688","description":"Dutch physicist (1853–1928)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1853-07-18","death_date":"1928-02-04","country":"NLD","citizenship":"Kingdom of the Netherlands","birth_country":"NLD","notable_works":13,"sitelinks":117,"hpi":81.81,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/H%20A%20Lorentz%20(Nobel).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":74,"name":"Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman","wikidata":"Q60429","description":"Indian physicist (1888–1970)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1888-11-07","death_date":"1970-11-21","country":"IND","citizenship":"India","birth_country":"IND","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":117,"hpi":74.29,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sir%20CV%20Raman.JPG?width=320"}
{"rank":77,"name":"Strabo","wikidata":"Q45936","description":"Greek geographer, philosopher and historian (64/63 BC–c.24 AD)","occupation":"Geographer","birth_date":"-62","death_date":"0023","country":null,"citizenship":null,"birth_country":"TUR","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":116,"hpi":84.37,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Strabo.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":78,"name":"Georg Cantor","wikidata":"Q76420","description":"German mathematician, inventor of set theory (1845–1918)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1845-03-03","death_date":"1918-01-06","country":null,"citizenship":"German Reich; German Empire","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":115,"hpi":78.44,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Georg%20Cantor2.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":79,"name":"Hypatia","wikidata":"Q11903","description":"Greek Neoplatonist philosopher","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"0360","death_date":"0415-03","country":null,"citizenship":"Byzantine Empire","birth_country":"EGY","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":114,"hpi":84.85,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hipatia67.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":79,"name":"Pierre de Fermat","wikidata":"Q75655","description":"French mathematician and lawyer","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1607","death_date":"1665-01-12","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":5,"sitelinks":114,"hpi":83.45,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pierre%20de%20Fermat3.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":79,"name":"Jean Le Rond d'Alembert","wikidata":"Q153232","description":"French mathematician, mechanician, physicist, philosopher and music theorist (1717-1783)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1717-11-16","death_date":"1783-10-29","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":17,"sitelinks":114,"hpi":81.57,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jean%20Le%20Rond%20d'Alembert%2C%20by%20French%20school.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":79,"name":"Robert Boyle","wikidata":"Q43393","description":"Anglo-Irish natural philosopher, chemist, physicist, and inventor (1627-1691)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1627-01-25","death_date":"1691-12-31","country":null,"citizenship":null,"birth_country":"IRL","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":114,"hpi":80.93,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/The%20Shannon%20Portrait%20of%20the%20Hon%20Robert%20Boyle.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":79,"name":"William Herschel","wikidata":"Q14277","description":"German-born British astronomer and composer (1738–1822)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1738-11-15","death_date":"1822-08-25","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Hanover; Kingdom of Great Britain; United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":4,"sitelinks":114,"hpi":80.07,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/William%20Herschel01.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":79,"name":"Kurt Gödel","wikidata":"Q41390","description":"Austrian-American logician, mathematician, and philosopher of mathematics (1906–1978)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1906-04-28","death_date":"1978-01-14","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Austria","birth_country":"CZE","notable_works":14,"sitelinks":114,"hpi":79.53,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Young%20Kurt%20G%C3%B6del%20as%20a%20student%20in%201925.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":79,"name":"Rosalind Franklin","wikidata":"Q7474","description":"British chemist, biophysicist, and X-ray crystallographer (1920–1958)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1920-07-25","death_date":"1958-04-16","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":114,"hpi":79.24,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Rosalind%20Franklin.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":79,"name":"Andrei Sakharov","wikidata":"Q997","description":"Soviet nuclear physicist and human rights activist (1921–1989)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1921-05-21","death_date":"1989-12-14","country":null,"citizenship":"Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic; Soviet Union","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":114,"hpi":78.11,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/RIAN%20archive%2025981%20Academician%20Sakharov.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":87,"name":"John Dalton","wikidata":"Q41284","description":"British chemist and mathematician (1766–1844)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1766-09-06","death_date":"1844-07-27","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":6,"sitelinks":113,"hpi":83.53,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/John%20Dalton.%20Line%20engraving%20by%20W.%20H.%20Worthington%2C%201823%2C%20afte%20Wellcome%20V0006489.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":88,"name":"Heinrich Hertz","wikidata":"Q41257","description":"German physicist (1857–1894)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1857-02-22","death_date":"1894-01-01","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Hamburg","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":112,"hpi":82.34,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/HEINRICH%20HERTZ.JPG?width=320"}
{"rank":88,"name":"Irène Joliot-Curie","wikidata":"Q7504","description":"French chemist and physicist (1897–1956)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1897-09-12","death_date":"1956-03-17","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":112,"hpi":82.18,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Joliot-curie.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":88,"name":"Friedrich Hayek","wikidata":"Q1325","description":"Austrian and British economist (1899–1992)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1899-05-08","death_date":"1992-03-23","country":null,"citizenship":"Austria; United Kingdom","birth_country":"AUT","notable_works":4,"sitelinks":112,"hpi":78.84,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Friedrich%20Hayek%20portrait.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":88,"name":"Linus Pauling","wikidata":"Q48983","description":"American scientist (1901–1994)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1901-02-28","death_date":"1994-08-19","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":112,"hpi":77.19,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pauling.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":92,"name":"Eratosthenes","wikidata":"Q43182","description":"Greek mathematician, geographer, poet, astronomer, librarian and music theorist","occupation":"Geographer","birth_date":"-275","death_date":"-193","country":null,"citizenship":null,"birth_country":"LBY","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":111,"hpi":85.8,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Eratosthenes.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":92,"name":"Bernhard Riemann","wikidata":"Q42299","description":"German mathematician (1826–1866)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1826-09-17","death_date":"1866-07-20","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Hanover","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":10,"sitelinks":111,"hpi":85.32,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Georg%20Friedrich%20Bernhard%20Riemann.jpeg?width=320"}
{"rank":92,"name":"Antoine Henri Becquerel","wikidata":"Q41269","description":"French physicist (1852–1908)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1852-12-15","death_date":"1908-08-25","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":111,"hpi":84.07,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Paul%20Nadar%20-%20Henri%20Becquerel.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":92,"name":"Al-Biruni","wikidata":"Q11826","description":"11th-century Khwarazmian scholar and polymath (973–1048)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"0973-09-09","death_date":"1048-12-15","country":null,"citizenship":"Samanid Empire","birth_country":"UZB","notable_works":7,"sitelinks":111,"hpi":83.73,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Al-Biruni%20Portrait.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":92,"name":"Alfred Adler","wikidata":"Q152393","description":"Austrian psychotherapist (1870–1937)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1870-02-07","death_date":"1937-05-28","country":"AUT","citizenship":"Austria","birth_country":"AUT","notable_works":5,"sitelinks":111,"hpi":81.23,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/AlfredAdler.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":92,"name":"Rachel Carson","wikidata":"Q100948","description":"American marine biologist and conservationist (1907–1964)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1907-05-27","death_date":"1964-04-14","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":111,"hpi":74.42,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Rachel-Carson.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":92,"name":"Dani Rodrik","wikidata":"Q559838","description":"Turkish economist and publicist (born 1957)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1957-08-14","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Turkey","birth_country":"TUR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":111,"hpi":68.02,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Dani%20Rodrik%2C%202012%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":99,"name":"James Watson","wikidata":"Q83333","description":"American molecular biologist, geneticist, zoologist and Nobel Laureate (1928–2025)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1928-04-06","death_date":"2025-11-06","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":110,"hpi":83.14,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/James%20D.%20Watson%20LCCN2007680359.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":99,"name":"Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck","wikidata":"Q82122","description":"French naturalist (1744-1829)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1744-08-01","death_date":"1829-12-18","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":110,"hpi":82.06,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jean-Baptiste%20de%20Lamarck.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":99,"name":"Srinivasa Ramanujan","wikidata":"Q83163","description":"Indian mathematician (1887–1920)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1887-12-22","death_date":"1920-04-26","country":null,"citizenship":"British Raj","birth_country":"IND","notable_works":23,"sitelinks":110,"hpi":79.85,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Srinivasa%20Ramanujan%20-%20OPC%20-%202%20(cleaned).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":99,"name":"John Dewey","wikidata":"Q131805","description":"American philosopher, psychologist, and educational reformer (1859–1952)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1859-10-20","death_date":"1952-06-01","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":5,"sitelinks":110,"hpi":78.9,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/John%20Dewey%2C%20sem%20data.tif?width=320"}
{"rank":99,"name":"Thomas Henry Huxley","wikidata":"Q184366","description":"British biologist and comparative anatomist (1825–1895)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1825-05-04","death_date":"1895-06-29","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":110,"hpi":75.76,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/T.H.Huxley(Woodburytype).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":99,"name":"Mikhail Lomonosov","wikidata":"Q58720","description":"Russian polymath (1711-1765)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1711-11-19","death_date":"1765-04-15","country":null,"citizenship":"Russian Empire","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":110,"hpi":75.69,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/M.V.%20Lomonosov%20by%20L.Miropolskiy%20after%20G.C.Prenner%20(1787%2C%20RAN).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":105,"name":"Antonie van Leeuwenhoek","wikidata":"Q43522","description":"Dutch scientist known as \"the Father of Microbiology\", and one of the first microscopists (1632–1723)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1632-10-24","death_date":"1723-08-26","country":null,"citizenship":"Dutch Republic","birth_country":"NLD","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":109,"hpi":82.46,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Portret%20van%20Antonie%20van%20Leeuwenhoek%2C%20RP-P-1903-A-23563.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":106,"name":"Alfred Russel Wallace","wikidata":"Q160627","description":"British naturalist, explorer, geographer, anthropologist and biologist (1823–1913)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1823-01-08","death_date":"1913-11-07","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":107,"hpi":77.41,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Alfred-Russel-Wallace-c1895.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":107,"name":"John Forbes Nash","wikidata":"Q128736","description":"American mathematician and economist (1928–2015)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1928-06-13","death_date":"2015-05-23","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":8,"sitelinks":106,"hpi":85.78,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/John%20Forbes%20Nash%2C%20Jr.%20by%20Peter%20Badge.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":107,"name":"Albert Abraham Michelson","wikidata":"Q127234","description":"American physicist (1852–1931)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1852-12-19","death_date":"1931-05-09","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"POL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":106,"hpi":84.49,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Albert%20Abraham%20Michelson2.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":107,"name":"Ibn al-Haytham","wikidata":"Q11104","description":"Arab physicist, mathematician and astronomer (c. 965 – c. 1040)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"0965","death_date":"1039","country":null,"citizenship":"Abbasid Caliphate; Fatimid Caliphate","birth_country":"IRQ","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":106,"hpi":82.42,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ibn%20Al-Haytham%20portrait.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":107,"name":"Erich Fromm","wikidata":"Q57085","description":"German-American sociologist and psychoanalyst (1900–1980)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1900-03-23","death_date":"1980-03-18","country":null,"citizenship":"Switzerland; Germany; United States","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":7,"sitelinks":106,"hpi":81.27,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Erich%20Fromm%201974%20(cropped)2.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":107,"name":"Thomas Robert Malthus","wikidata":"Q13526","description":"British political economist (1766–1834)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1766-02-13","death_date":"1834-12-23","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; Kingdom of Great Britain","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":4,"sitelinks":106,"hpi":80.3,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Thomas%20Robert%20Malthus%20Wellcome%20L0069037%20-crop.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":107,"name":"Ernst Haeckel","wikidata":"Q48246","description":"German zoologist (1834-1919)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1834-02-16","death_date":"1919-08-09","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia; German Empire; Weimar Republic","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":106,"hpi":79.95,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ernst%20Haeckel%201860.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":107,"name":"Amartya Sen","wikidata":"Q132489","description":"Indian economist and philosopher (1933-)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1933-11-03","death_date":null,"country":"IND","citizenship":"India","birth_country":"IND","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":106,"hpi":73.57,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Amartya%20Sen%202012.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":115,"name":"Wolfgang Pauli","wikidata":"Q65989","description":"physicist, Nobel prize winner (1900–1958)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1900-04-25","death_date":"1958-12-15","country":null,"citizenship":"Austria; Switzerland; United States","birth_country":"AUT","notable_works":7,"sitelinks":105,"hpi":78.12,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/ETH-BIB-Pauli%2C%20Wolfgang.tif?width=320"}
{"rank":115,"name":"Robert Andrews Millikan","wikidata":"Q130975","description":"American physicist (1868–1953)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1868-03-22","death_date":"1953-12-19","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":105,"hpi":76.61,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Robert%20Andrews%20Millikan%201920s.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":119,"name":"Joseph-Louis Lagrange","wikidata":"Q80222","description":"Mathematician and astronomer (1736–1813)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1736-01-25","death_date":"1813-04-10","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"ITA","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":104,"hpi":84.17,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B6.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":119,"name":"Svante August Arrhenius","wikidata":"Q80956","description":"Swedish astronomer, chemist and physicist (1859–1927)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1859-02-19","death_date":"1927-10-02","country":"SWE","citizenship":"Sweden","birth_country":"SWE","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":104,"hpi":80.55,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Arrhenius2.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":123,"name":"Georg Simon Ohm","wikidata":"Q1585","description":"German physicist and mathematician","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1789-03-16","death_date":"1854-07-06","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Bavaria","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":103,"hpi":83.08,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Georg%20Simon%20Ohm%20(1789-1854).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":123,"name":"Robert Hooke","wikidata":"Q46830","description":"English natural philosopher, architect and polymath (1635 — 1703)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1635-07-28","death_date":"1703-03-14","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of England","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":5,"sitelinks":103,"hpi":82.93,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Portrait%20of%20a%20Mathematician%201680c.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":123,"name":"Maria Göppert Mayer","wikidata":"Q57100","description":"German-born American theoretical physicist (1906-1972)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1906-06-28","death_date":"1972-02-20","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Germany","birth_country":"POL","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":103,"hpi":82.73,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Maria%20Goeppert-Mayer.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":123,"name":"Larry Page","wikidata":"Q4934","description":"American computer scientist and Internet entrepreneur (born 1973)","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1973-03-26","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":103,"hpi":66.27,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Larry%20Page%20in%20the%20European%20Parliament%2C%2017.06.2009.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":127,"name":"Pieter Zeeman","wikidata":"Q79000","description":"Dutch physicist (1865–1943)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1865-05-25","death_date":"1943-10-09","country":"NLD","citizenship":"Kingdom of the Netherlands","birth_country":"NLD","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":102,"hpi":80.53,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pieter%20Zeeman.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":129,"name":"Louis de Broglie","wikidata":"Q83331","description":"Nobel laureate credited to pioneer the discovery of wave character of matter (1892–1987)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1892-08-15","death_date":"1987-03-19","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":101,"hpi":82,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Prince%20Louis-Victor%20de%20Broglie.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":129,"name":"Johannes Diderik van der Waals","wikidata":"Q131721","description":"Dutch physicist (1837–1923)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1837-11-23","death_date":"1923-03-08","country":"NLD","citizenship":"Kingdom of the Netherlands","birth_country":"NLD","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":101,"hpi":77.51,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Van%20der%20Waals.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":129,"name":"William Henry Bragg","wikidata":"Q133747","description":"British scientist (1862–1942)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1862-07-02","death_date":"1942-03-12","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":101,"hpi":75.99,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Wh-bragg.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":129,"name":"Aryabhata","wikidata":"Q11359","description":"Pioneer astronomer who formulated zero, quadratic rules, and earth's rotation.","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"0476","death_date":"0550","country":null,"citizenship":null,"birth_country":"IND","notable_works":4,"sitelinks":101,"hpi":75.26,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/2064%20aryabhata-crp.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":133,"name":"Charles-Augustin de Coulomb","wikidata":"Q81716","description":"French physicist (1736-1806)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1736-06-14","death_date":"1806-08-23","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":7,"sitelinks":100,"hpi":80.87,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Charles%20de%20coulomb.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":133,"name":"Claude Lévi-Strauss","wikidata":"Q128126","description":"French anthropologist and ethnologist (1908–2009)","occupation":"Anthropologist","birth_date":"1908-11-28","death_date":"2009-10-30","country":null,"citizenship":"France; Belgium","birth_country":"BEL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":100,"hpi":79.97,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Levi-strauss%20260%20(cropped2).jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":136,"name":"Hans Christian Ørsted","wikidata":"Q44412","description":"Danish physicist and chemist (1777-1851)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1777-08-14","death_date":"1851-03-09","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Denmark","birth_country":"DNK","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":99,"hpi":85.42,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/%C3%98rsted%2C%20Hans%20Christian%20(av%20Christian%20Albrecht%20Jensen%201842).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":136,"name":"William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin","wikidata":"Q122701","description":"British physicist and engineer (1824–1907)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1825-06-26","death_date":"1907-12-17","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":6,"sitelinks":99,"hpi":83.39,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sir%20William%20Thomson%2C%20Baron%20Kelvin%20by%20T.%20%26%20R.%20Annan%20%26%20Sons.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":136,"name":"Anders Celsius","wikidata":"Q81130","description":"Swedish astronomer, physicist, and naturalist (1701-1744)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1701-12-08","death_date":"1744-05-06","country":"SWE","citizenship":"Sweden","birth_country":"SWE","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":99,"hpi":83.19,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Anders-Celsius-Head.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":136,"name":"Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff","wikidata":"Q102822","description":"Dutch physical and organic chemist (1852-1911)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1852-08-30","death_date":"1911-03-01","country":"NLD","citizenship":"Kingdom of the Netherlands","birth_country":"NLD","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":99,"hpi":80.83,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Vant%20Hoff.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":136,"name":"Philipp Lenard","wikidata":"Q57063","description":"German physicist (1862–1947)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1862-06-07","death_date":"1947-05-20","country":null,"citizenship":"Germany; Hungary","birth_country":"SVK","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":99,"hpi":77.85,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Phillipp%20Lenard%20in%201900.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":136,"name":"Lev Landau","wikidata":"Q133267","description":"Soviet theoretical physicist (1908–1968)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1908-01-22","death_date":"1968-04-01","country":null,"citizenship":"Soviet Union","birth_country":"AZE","notable_works":16,"sitelinks":99,"hpi":77.61,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Landau.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":136,"name":"James Chadwick","wikidata":"Q80884","description":"English physicist (1891-1974), who discovered the neutron in 1932","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1891-10-20","death_date":"1974-07-24","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":99,"hpi":77.34,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/James%20Chadwick.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":136,"name":"Alfred North Whitehead","wikidata":"Q183372","description":"English mathematician and philosopher (1861–1947)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1861-02-15","death_date":"1947-12-30","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":7,"sitelinks":99,"hpi":73.62,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/ANWhitehead.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":145,"name":"Jabir ibn Hayyan","wikidata":"Q167852","description":"8th-century Islamic alchemist and author","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"0721","death_date":"0815","country":null,"citizenship":null,"birth_country":"IRN","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":98,"hpi":82.3,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Man%20Florence%2C%20Ashburnham%201166%20fol%2012r.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":145,"name":"Amedeo Avogadro","wikidata":"Q43476","description":"Italian scientist","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1776-08-09","death_date":"1856-07-09","country":null,"citizenship":null,"birth_country":"ITA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":98,"hpi":81.67,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Amadeo%20Avogadro.png?width=320"}
{"rank":145,"name":"David Ricardo","wikidata":"Q160270","description":"British banker, classical economist and politician (1772-1823)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1772-04-18","death_date":"1823-09-11","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; Kingdom of Great Britain","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":98,"hpi":80.48,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Portrait%20of%20David%20Ricardo%20by%20Thomas%20Phillips.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":145,"name":"Évariste Galois","wikidata":"Q7091","description":"French mathematician (1811-1832)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1811-10-25","death_date":"1832-05-31","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":98,"hpi":80.32,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/E.%20Galois%20Portrait%20No.2.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":145,"name":"Niels Henrik Abel","wikidata":"Q124115","description":"Norwegian mathematician (1802–1829)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1802-08-05","death_date":"1829-04-06","country":"NOR","citizenship":"Norway","birth_country":"NOR","notable_works":13,"sitelinks":98,"hpi":79.17,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Niels%20Henrik%20Abel.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":145,"name":"Eugene Paul Wigner","wikidata":"Q155790","description":"Hungarian-American physicist and mathematician (1902–1995)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1902-11-17","death_date":"1995-01-01","country":null,"citizenship":"Hungary; United States","birth_country":"HUN","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":98,"hpi":75.92,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Wigner.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":145,"name":"Sergey Brin","wikidata":"Q92764","description":"American billionaire businessman (born 1973)","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1973-08-21","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":98,"hpi":65.55,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sergey%20Brin%20Ted%202010%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":152,"name":"Francis Crick","wikidata":"Q123280","description":"British molecular biologist, biophysicist, neuroscientist; co-discoverer of the structure of DNA (1916–2004)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1916-06-08","death_date":"2004-07-28","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":97,"hpi":74.94,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Francis%20Crick%201995.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":152,"name":"Margaret Mead","wikidata":"Q180099","description":"American anthropologist (1901-1978)","occupation":"Anthropologist","birth_date":"1901-12-16","death_date":"1978-11-15","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":97,"hpi":71.95,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Margaret%20Mead%20(1901-1978).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":152,"name":"Maryam Mirzakhani","wikidata":"Q1771279","description":"Iranian mathematician (1977–2017)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1977-05-12","death_date":"2017-07-14","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Iran","birth_country":"IRN","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":97,"hpi":61.82,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Maryam%20Mirzakhani%20in%20Seoul%202014.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":155,"name":"Wilhelm Wien","wikidata":"Q57068","description":"German physicist (1864-1928)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1864-01-13","death_date":"1928-08-30","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":96,"hpi":78.9,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Wien2.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":155,"name":"Otto Hahn","wikidata":"Q57065","description":"German chemist and physicist (1879-1968)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1879-03-08","death_date":"1968-07-28","country":null,"citizenship":"Weimar Republic; Nazi Germany; German Empire; West Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":96,"hpi":78.04,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Otto%20Hahn%20(Nobel).jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":155,"name":"Paul Samuelson","wikidata":"Q102454","description":"American economist (1915–2009)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1915-05-15","death_date":"2009-12-13","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":96,"hpi":74.01,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Paul%20Samuelson.gif?width=320"}
{"rank":155,"name":"Steven Weinberg","wikidata":"Q179282","description":"American theoretical physicist (1933-2021)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1933-05-03","death_date":"2021-07-23","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":96,"hpi":71.33,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Steven%20Weinberg%202010.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":161,"name":"John William Strutt","wikidata":"Q83297","description":"English physicist (1842–1919)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1842-11-12","death_date":"1919-06-30","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":15,"sitelinks":95,"hpi":83.12,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/John%20William%20Strutt.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":161,"name":"Abraham Maslow","wikidata":"Q23357","description":"American psychologist (1908–1970)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1908-04-01","death_date":"1970-06-08","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":95,"hpi":80.93,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Photo%20of%20Abraham%20Harold%20Maslow%20by%20William%20Carter%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":161,"name":"Konrad Lorenz","wikidata":"Q78496","description":"Austrian zoologist, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1973 (1903–1989)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1903-11-07","death_date":"1989-02-27","country":"AUT","citizenship":"Austria","birth_country":"AUT","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":95,"hpi":79.42,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Konrad%20Lorenz.JPG?width=320"}
{"rank":161,"name":"Fritz Haber","wikidata":"Q57075","description":"German chemist and receiver of the Nobel prize (1868–1934)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1868-12-09","death_date":"1934-01-29","country":null,"citizenship":"Weimar Republic; Kingdom of Prussia","birth_country":"POL","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":95,"hpi":78.61,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Portret%20van%20Professor%20Fritz%20Haber%2C%20een%20chemicus%20uit%20Duitsland%20(foto%201918-%201934)%2C%20SFA002023057.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":161,"name":"John Bardeen","wikidata":"Q949","description":"American physicist and engineer (1908–1991)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1908-05-23","death_date":"1991-01-30","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":95,"hpi":73.99,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bardeen.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":161,"name":"Elinor Ostrom","wikidata":"Q153761","description":"American political economist (1933-2012)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1933-08-07","death_date":"2012-06-12","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":5,"sitelinks":95,"hpi":73.3,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nobel%20Prize%202009-Press%20Conference%20KVA-30.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":161,"name":"Donald Knuth","wikidata":"Q17457","description":"American computer scientist and mathematician (born 1938)","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1938-01-10","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":7,"sitelinks":95,"hpi":70.32,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Donald%20Ervin%20Knuth%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":168,"name":"Lise Meitner","wikidata":"Q56189","description":"Austrian-Swedish physicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1878-11","death_date":"1968-10-27","country":null,"citizenship":"Sweden; Austria","birth_country":"AUT","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":94,"hpi":80.92,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Lise%20Meitner%20(1878-1968)%2C%20lecturing%20at%20Catholic%20University%2C%20Washington%2C%20D.C.%2C%201946.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":168,"name":"Gustav Kirchhoff","wikidata":"Q60052","description":"German physicist (1824–1887)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1824-03-12","death_date":"1887-10-17","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":4,"sitelinks":94,"hpi":79.22,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gustav%20Robert%20Kirchhoff.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":168,"name":"Gabriel Lippmann","wikidata":"Q133232","description":"Luxembourgish physicist nationalized French (1845-1921)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1845-08-16","death_date":"1921-07-13","country":null,"citizenship":"France; Luxembourg","birth_country":"LUX","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":94,"hpi":79.06,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gabriel%20Lippmann2.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":168,"name":"George Boole","wikidata":"Q134661","description":"English mathematician, philosopher and logician (1815–1864)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1815-11-02","death_date":"1864-12-08","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":6,"sitelinks":94,"hpi":76.22,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Photo%20of%20George%20Boole%20standing.png?width=320"}
{"rank":168,"name":"Barbara McBurger","wikidata":"Q199654","description":"American scientist and cytogeneticist","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1902-06-16","death_date":"1992-09-02","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":94,"hpi":74.62,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Barbara%20McClintock%20(1902-1992)%20shown%20in%20her%20laboratory%20in%201947.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":168,"name":"Hans Bethe","wikidata":"Q155794","description":"German-American nuclear physicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1906-07-02","death_date":"2005-03-06","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":8,"sitelinks":94,"hpi":74.5,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hans%20Bethe.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":168,"name":"Santiago Ramón y Cajal","wikidata":"Q150526","description":"Spanish scientist (1852-1934)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1852-05-01","death_date":"1934-10-17","country":"ESP","citizenship":"Spain","birth_country":"ESP","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":94,"hpi":73.74,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Cajal-mi.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":175,"name":"Evangelista Torricelli","wikidata":"Q102490","description":"Italian physicist and mathematician (1608-1647)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1608-10-15","death_date":"1647-10-25","country":null,"citizenship":"Grand Duchy of Tuscany","birth_country":"ITA","notable_works":7,"sitelinks":93,"hpi":84.27,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Evangelista%20Torricelli%20by%20Lorenzo%20Lippi%20(circa%201647%2C%20Galleria%20Silvano%20Lodi%20%26%20Due).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":175,"name":"William Ramsay","wikidata":"Q950726","description":"Scottish chemist (1852–1916)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1852-10-02","death_date":"1916-07-23","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":93,"hpi":79.11,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/William%20Ramsay.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":175,"name":"Max von Laue","wikidata":"Q57067","description":"German physicist, Nobel laureate and anti-Nazi (1879–1960)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1879-10-09","death_date":"1960-04-24","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":93,"hpi":77.54,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/(UAZ)%20AB.1.0583%20Laue.tif?width=320"}
{"rank":175,"name":"Ernest Lawrence","wikidata":"Q169577","description":"American nuclear physicist (1901–1958)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1901-08-08","death_date":"1958-08-27","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":93,"hpi":75.41,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ernest%20Lawrence.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":175,"name":"Tu Youyou","wikidata":"Q462843","description":"Chinese medical scientist","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1930-12-30","death_date":null,"country":"CHN","citizenship":"People's Republic of China","birth_country":"CHN","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":93,"hpi":74.88,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/D810%204987%20Tu%20Youyou%2C%20medicine%20(22945001843)%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":175,"name":"Hideki Yukawa","wikidata":"Q155777","description":"Japanese theoretical physicist (1907-1981)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1907-01-23","death_date":"1981-09-08","country":"JPN","citizenship":"Japan","birth_country":"JPN","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":93,"hpi":73.06,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Yukawa.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":175,"name":"Dennis M. Ritchie","wikidata":"Q45575","description":"American computer scientist, co-inventor of the Unix operating system and the C programming language (1941–2011)","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1941-09-09","death_date":"2011-10-12","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":8,"sitelinks":93,"hpi":71.29,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Dennis%20Ritchie%202011.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":175,"name":"Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar","wikidata":"Q148109","description":"Indian-American astrophysicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1910-10-19","death_date":"1995-08-21","country":null,"citizenship":"India; United States","birth_country":"PAK","notable_works":16,"sitelinks":93,"hpi":71.06,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Subrahmanyan%20Chandrasekhar.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":175,"name":"William Shockley","wikidata":"Q163415","description":"American physicist and inventor (1910–1989)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1910-02-13","death_date":"1989-08-12","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":93,"hpi":69.89,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/William%20Shockley%2C%20Stanford%20University.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":184,"name":"Wilhelm Wundt","wikidata":"Q75814","description":"German physician, physiologist, philosopher and professor (1832–1920)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1832-08-16","death_date":"1920-08-31","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":92,"hpi":80.54,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Wilhelm%20Wundt.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":184,"name":"Ernst Mach","wikidata":"Q93996","description":"Austrian physicist (1838–1916)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1838-02-18","death_date":"1916-02-19","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Bohemia","birth_country":"CZE","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":92,"hpi":77.25,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ernst-Mach-1900.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":184,"name":"Gottlob Frege","wikidata":"Q60028","description":"German philosopher, logician, and mathematician (1848–1925)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1848-11-08","death_date":"1925-07-26","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":10,"sitelinks":92,"hpi":76.81,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Young%20frege.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":184,"name":"Mario Draghi","wikidata":"Q294460","description":"Italian economist, academic, banker and politician; former prime minister of Italy","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1947-09-03","death_date":null,"country":"ITA","citizenship":"Italy","birth_country":"ITA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":92,"hpi":76.21,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Mario%20Draghi%202024%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":184,"name":"Sofia Kovalevskaya","wikidata":"Q184535","description":"19th-century Russian mathematician","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1850-01-15","death_date":"1891-02-10","country":"SWE","citizenship":"Sweden","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":92,"hpi":75.24,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sofja%20Wassiljewna%20Kowalewskaja%201.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":184,"name":"Roger Penrose","wikidata":"Q193803","description":"English mathematical physicist, recreational mathematician and philosopher","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1931-08-08","death_date":null,"country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":22,"sitelinks":92,"hpi":74.08,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Roger%20Penrose%209560.JPG?width=320"}
{"rank":184,"name":"Murray Gell-Mann","wikidata":"Q172840","description":"American physicist (1929–2019)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1929-09-15","death_date":"2019-05-24","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":92,"hpi":71.58,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Murray%20Gell-Mann%20-%20World%20Economic%20Forum%20Annual%20Meeting%202012.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":191,"name":"William Lawrence Bragg","wikidata":"Q131729","description":"Australian-born British physicist and X-ray crystallographer","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1890-03-31","death_date":"1971-07-01","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom; Australia","birth_country":"AUS","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":91,"hpi":82.07,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Wl-bragg.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":191,"name":"Heike Kamerlingh Onnes","wikidata":"Q62891","description":"Dutch physicist, Nobel prize winner (1853-1926)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1853-09-21","death_date":"1926-02-21","country":"NLD","citizenship":"Kingdom of the Netherlands","birth_country":"NLD","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":91,"hpi":78.07,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Kamerlingh%20portret.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":191,"name":"Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon","wikidata":"Q229264","description":"French natural historian (1707-1788)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1707-09-07","death_date":"1788-04-15","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":91,"hpi":77.16,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fran%C3%A7ois%20Hubert%20Drouais%20-%20Portrait%20of%20Buffon.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":191,"name":"Thomas Young","wikidata":"Q25820","description":"English polymath (1773-1829)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1773-06-13","death_date":"1829-05-10","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":8,"sitelinks":91,"hpi":75.75,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Thomas%20Young%20by%20Briggs.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":191,"name":"Pyotr Kapitsa","wikidata":"Q172844","description":"Soviet physicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1894-07-08","death_date":"1984-04-08","country":null,"citizenship":"Russian Empire; Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic; Soviet Union","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":91,"hpi":71.4,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pyotr%20Kapitsa%201930s.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":196,"name":"Charles Thomson Rees Wilson","wikidata":"Q162900","description":"Scottish physicist and meteorologist (1869-1959)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1869-02-14","death_date":"1959-11-15","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":90,"hpi":82.58,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/CTR%20Wilson.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":196,"name":"Emil Fischer","wikidata":"Q70554","description":"German chemist (1852–1919)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1852-10-09","death_date":"1919-07-15","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":90,"hpi":80.82,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hermann%20Emil%20Fischer.%20Photograph%20by%20Atelier%20Victoria%2C%201895.%20Wellcome%20V0027668%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":196,"name":"Abu Abdullah Muhammad al-Idrisi al-Qurtubi al-Hasani as-Sabti","wikidata":"Q173441","description":"andalusian geographer (1100–1165)","occupation":"Geographer","birth_date":"1110","death_date":"1165","country":null,"citizenship":null,"birth_country":"ESP","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":90,"hpi":79.4,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Estatua%20de%20Al-Idrisi%20bajo%20el%20baluarte%20de%20los%20Mallorquines%2C%20Ceuta%20(5).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":196,"name":"Wilhelm Ostwald","wikidata":"Q12658","description":"Baltic German chemist (1853–1932)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1853-09-02","death_date":"1932-04-04","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"LVA","notable_works":5,"sitelinks":90,"hpi":78.43,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ostwald.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":196,"name":"Henry Cavendish","wikidata":"Q131733","description":"English natural philosopher, and scientist (1731–1810)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1731-10-10","death_date":"1810-02-24","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Great Britain; United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":90,"hpi":78.35,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Cavendish%20Henry%20signature.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":196,"name":"Donna Strickland","wikidata":"Q56855591","description":"Canadian physicist, Nobel laurate","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1959-05-27","death_date":null,"country":"CAN","citizenship":"Canada","birth_country":"CAN","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":90,"hpi":64.09,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Donna%20Strickland%20EM1B5760%20(46183560632)%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":202,"name":"Daniel Bernoulli","wikidata":"Q122366","description":"Swiss mathematician and physicist (1700-1782)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1700-02-08","death_date":"1782-03-17","country":"CHE","citizenship":"Switzerland","birth_country":"NLD","notable_works":4,"sitelinks":89,"hpi":80.97,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Daniel%20Bernoulli%20by%20Grooth.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":202,"name":"Jöns Jacob Berzelius","wikidata":"Q151911","description":"Swedish chemist (1779–1848)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1779-08-20","death_date":"1848-08-07","country":"SWE","citizenship":"Sweden","birth_country":"SWE","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":89,"hpi":80.13,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/J%C3%B6ns%20Jacob%20Berzelius%20from%20Familj-Journalen1873.png?width=320"}
{"rank":202,"name":"Otto Stern","wikidata":"Q57072","description":"German-American physicist (1888–1969)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1888-02-17","death_date":"1969-08-17","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Germany","birth_country":"POL","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":89,"hpi":78.32,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Otto%20Stern.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":202,"name":"Ludwig Boltzmann","wikidata":"Q84296","description":"Austrian physicist and philosopher (1844–1906)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1844-02-20","death_date":"1906-09-05","country":null,"citizenship":"Austria–Hungary","birth_country":"AUT","notable_works":7,"sitelinks":89,"hpi":77.57,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Boltzmann-Ludwig.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":202,"name":"Élie Metchnikoff","wikidata":"Q172254","description":"Russian-French immunologist, embryologist, biologist (1845-1916)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1845-05-15","death_date":"1916-07-15","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"UKR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":89,"hpi":77.11,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ilya%20Mechnikov%20nobel.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":202,"name":"Gustav Ludwig Hertz","wikidata":"Q57070","description":"German physicist (1887–1975)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1887-07-22","death_date":"1975-10-30","country":null,"citizenship":"East Germany; German Reich; Soviet Union","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":89,"hpi":76.77,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Prof.%20Gustav%20Herz%20LCCN2014709678.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":202,"name":"Gerty Cori","wikidata":"Q204733","description":"Austro-Hungarian-American biochemist (1896–1957)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1896-08-15","death_date":"1957-10-26","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"CZE","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":89,"hpi":75.23,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gerty%20Theresa%20Cori.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":202,"name":"B.F. Skinner","wikidata":"Q213195","description":"American behaviorist (1904–1990)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1904-03-20","death_date":"1990-08-18","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":89,"hpi":75.08,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/B.F.%20Skinner%20at%20Harvard%20circa%201950%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":202,"name":"Arthur Holly Compton","wikidata":"Q127944","description":"American physicist (1892–1962)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1892-09-10","death_date":"1962-03-15","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":89,"hpi":74.74,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Arthur%20Compton%201927.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":202,"name":"Ada Yonath","wikidata":"Q7426","description":"Israeli structural biologist and Nobel laureate (1939–2026)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1939-06-22","death_date":"2026-08-31","country":"ISR","citizenship":"Israel","birth_country":"ISR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":89,"hpi":74,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ada%20E.%20Yonath.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":212,"name":"Dennis Gabor","wikidata":"Q155786","description":"Nobel Prize-winning physicist and inventor of holography","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1900-06-05","death_date":"1979-02-08","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom; Hungary","birth_country":"HUN","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":88,"hpi":75.48,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Dennis%20Gabor%201971.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":212,"name":"James Franck","wikidata":"Q57066","description":"German-American physicist (1882–1964)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1882-08-26","death_date":"1964-05-21","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":88,"hpi":74.48,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/James%20Franck.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":214,"name":"Charles Édouard Guillaume","wikidata":"Q123026","description":"Swiss physicist (1861-1938)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1861-02-15","death_date":"1938-06-13","country":null,"citizenship":"France; Switzerland","birth_country":"CHE","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":87,"hpi":79.45,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/1918%20Charles%20%C3%89douard%20Guillaume.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":214,"name":"Alfred Wegener","wikidata":"Q76323","description":"German climatologist and geophysicist (1880–1930)","occupation":"Geologist","birth_date":"1880-11-01","death_date":"1930-11","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":87,"hpi":78.56,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Alfred%20Wegener%20ca.1924-30.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":214,"name":"Howard Carter","wikidata":"Q133682","description":"British egyptologist (1874–1939)","occupation":"Archaeologist","birth_date":"1874-05-09","death_date":"1939-03-02","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":87,"hpi":77.35,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Howard%20carter.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":214,"name":"Johannes Stark","wikidata":"Q57092","description":"German physicist (1874-1957)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1874-04-15","death_date":"1957-06-21","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":87,"hpi":76.77,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Johannes%20Stark.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":214,"name":"Jean-Baptiste Perrin","wikidata":"Q134085","description":"French physicist (1870–1942)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1870-09-30","death_date":"1942-04-17","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":87,"hpi":76.02,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jean%20Perrin%201926.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":214,"name":"Gertrude B. Elion","wikidata":"Q35703","description":"American biochemist and pharmacologist (1918–1999)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1918-01-23","death_date":"1999-02-21","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":87,"hpi":75.1,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gertrude%20Elion%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":214,"name":"Rosalyn Sussman Yalow","wikidata":"Q107402","description":"American medical physicist (1921-2011)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1921-07-19","death_date":"2011-05-30","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":87,"hpi":74.82,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Rosalyn%20Yalow.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":214,"name":"Frederick Sanger","wikidata":"Q151564","description":"British biochemist (1918–2013)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1918-08-13","death_date":"2013-11-19","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":87,"hpi":74.66,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Frederick%20Sanger2.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":214,"name":"Vitaly Ginzburg","wikidata":"Q104668","description":"Russian physicist (1916–2009)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1916-10-04","death_date":"2009-11-08","country":"RUS","citizenship":"Russia","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":87,"hpi":70.47,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9%20%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87%20%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":214,"name":"Abdus Salam","wikidata":"Q28189","description":"theoretical physicist, and Nobel Prize in Physics recipient","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1926-01-29","death_date":"1996-11-21","country":"PAK","citizenship":"Pakistan","birth_country":"PAK","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":87,"hpi":69.53,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Abdus%20Salam%201987%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":214,"name":"Paul Krugman","wikidata":"Q131112","description":"American economist (born 1953)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1953-02-28","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":87,"hpi":65.67,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Paul%20Krugman-press%20conference%20Dec%2007th%2C%202008-4.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":225,"name":"Jean-François Champollion","wikidata":"Q260","description":"French classical scholar (1790-1832)","occupation":"Archaeologist","birth_date":"1790-12-23","death_date":"1832-03-04","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":86,"hpi":80.11,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Leon%20Cogniet%20-%20Jean-Francois%20Champollion.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":225,"name":"Karl Landsteiner","wikidata":"Q84405","description":"Jewish-Austrian biologist, physician and Nobel Prize laureate","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1868-06-14","death_date":"1943-06-26","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"AUT","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":86,"hpi":79.16,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Karl%20Landsteiner%20nobel.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":225,"name":"Pierre Bourdieu","wikidata":"Q156268","description":"French sociologist, anthropologist, and philosopher (1930–2002)","occupation":"Sociologist","birth_date":"1930-08-01","death_date":"2002-01-23","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":86,"hpi":78.9,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pierre%20Bourdieu%20(1).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":225,"name":"Georges Cuvier","wikidata":"Q171969","description":"French naturalist, zoologist and paleontologist (1769–1832)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1769-08-23","death_date":"1832-05-13","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":86,"hpi":77.69,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Georges%20Cuvier%203.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":225,"name":"Karl Weierstraß","wikidata":"Q57103","description":"German mathematician (1815–1897)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1815-10-31","death_date":"1897-02-19","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":86,"hpi":75.41,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Karl%20Weierstrass.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":225,"name":"Isidor Isaac Rabi","wikidata":"Q165969","description":"American physicist (1898–1988)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1898-07-29","death_date":"1988-01-11","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"POL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":86,"hpi":72.02,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/II%20Rabi.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":225,"name":"Chen-ning Yang","wikidata":"Q181369","description":"Chinese physicist (1922–2025)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1922-10-01","death_date":"2025-10-18","country":null,"citizenship":"Taiwan; United States; People's Republic of China","birth_country":"CHN","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":86,"hpi":68.98,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Yang.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":232,"name":"Edward Victor Appleton","wikidata":"Q153194","description":"English physicist (1892–1965)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1892-09-06","death_date":"1965-04-21","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":85,"hpi":83.64,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Appleton.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":232,"name":"Grace Hopper","wikidata":"Q11641","description":"American computer scientist and United States Navy officer (1906–1992)","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1906-12-09","death_date":"1992-01-01","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":85,"hpi":80.29,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Commodore%20Grace%20M.%20Hopper%2C%20USN%20(covered).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":232,"name":"John Napier","wikidata":"Q159592","description":"Scottish mathematician, physicist, and astronomer (1550–1617)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1550-02-11","death_date":"1617-04-04","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Scotland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":6,"sitelinks":85,"hpi":77.92,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/John%20Napier.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":232,"name":"Gustave Le Bon","wikidata":"Q294572","description":"French psychologist (1841-1931)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1841-05-07","death_date":"1931-12-13","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":85,"hpi":77.78,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gustave%20Le%20Bon%20about%201900.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":232,"name":"Hermann von Helmholtz","wikidata":"Q60024","description":"German physicist and physiologist (1821-1894)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1821-08-31","death_date":"1894-09-08","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":15,"sitelinks":85,"hpi":77.32,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hermann%20von%20Helmholtz.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":232,"name":"Carl David Anderson","wikidata":"Q169366","description":"American physicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1905-09-03","death_date":"1991-01-11","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":85,"hpi":76.33,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Carl%20David%20Anderson.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":232,"name":"Justus von Liebig","wikidata":"Q16571","description":"German chemist (1803-1873)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1803-05-12","death_date":"1873-04-18","country":null,"citizenship":"Grand Duchy of Hesse","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":85,"hpi":75.92,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Justus%20von%20Liebig.%20Stipple%20engraving.%20Wellcome%20V0003559.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":232,"name":"Joseph Stiglitz","wikidata":"Q18430","description":"American economist, professor, and recipient of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1943-02-09","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":85,"hpi":73.63,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Joseph%20E.%20Stiglitz%2C%202019%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":232,"name":"Françoise Barré-Sinoussi","wikidata":"Q103844","description":"French virologist and Nobel laureate, co-discoverer of HIV","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1947-07-30","death_date":null,"country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":85,"hpi":73.09,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fran%C3%A7oise%20Barr%C3%A9-Sinoussi-press%20conference%20Dec%2006th%2C%202008-1.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":232,"name":"G.H. Hardy","wikidata":"Q184337","description":"British mathematician (1877–1947)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1877-02-07","death_date":"1947-12-01","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":15,"sitelinks":85,"hpi":70.82,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Godfrey%20Harold%20Hardy%201.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":232,"name":"Jennifer Doudna","wikidata":"Q56068","description":"American biochemist","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1964-02-19","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":85,"hpi":60.61,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Professor%20Jennifer%20Doudna%20ForMemRS%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":243,"name":"Charles Hard Townes","wikidata":"Q184566","description":"20th-century American physicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1915-07-28","death_date":"2015-01-27","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":84,"hpi":80.63,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Charles%20Townes.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":243,"name":"Hipparchus","wikidata":"Q159905","description":"2nd century Greek astronomer, geographer and mathematician","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"-189","death_date":"-119","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Pergamon","birth_country":"TUR","notable_works":6,"sitelinks":84,"hpi":79.75,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Head%20of%20Hipparchus%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":243,"name":"Augustin-Louis Cauchy","wikidata":"Q8814","description":"French mathematician (1789–1857)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1789-08-21","death_date":"1857-05-23","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":16,"sitelinks":84,"hpi":78.11,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Augustin-Louis%20Cauchy%201901.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":243,"name":"Vilfredo Pareto","wikidata":"Q11031","description":"Italian economist and sociologist (1848-1923)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1848-07-15","death_date":"1923-08-19","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":84,"hpi":77.84,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Vilfredo%20Pareto%201870s2.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":243,"name":"Edward Teller","wikidata":"Q6733","description":"Hungarian-American Jewish nuclear physicist (1908–2003)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1908-01-15","death_date":"2003-09-09","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Hungary","birth_country":"HUN","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":84,"hpi":77.35,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/EdwardTeller1958.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":243,"name":"Nils Gustaf Dalén","wikidata":"Q160518","description":"Swedish Nobel Laureate and industrialist (1869–1937)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1869-11-30","death_date":"1937-12-09","country":"SWE","citizenship":"Sweden","birth_country":"SWE","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":84,"hpi":76.84,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nils%20Gustaf%20Dal%C3%A9n.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":243,"name":"Walther Hermann Nernst","wikidata":"Q57125","description":"German physical chemist and physicist (1864–1941)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1864-06-25","death_date":"1941-11-18","country":null,"citizenship":"Weimar Republic; Kingdom of Prussia","birth_country":"POL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":84,"hpi":76.12,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Walther%20Nernst%20SI.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":243,"name":"Frederick Soddy","wikidata":"Q102830","description":"English radiochemist (1877–1956)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1877-09-02","death_date":"1956-09-22","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":84,"hpi":75.84,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Frederick%20Soddy.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":243,"name":"Hannes Alfvén","wikidata":"Q54945","description":"Swedish electrical engineer, plasma physicist and science fiction author (1908–1995), winner of the 1970 Nobel Prize for Physics","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1908-05-30","death_date":"1995-04-02","country":"SWE","citizenship":"Sweden","birth_country":"SWE","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":84,"hpi":75.49,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/YoungAlfven.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":243,"name":"Paul Erdős","wikidata":"Q173746","description":"Hungarian mathematician (1913–1996)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1913-03-26","death_date":"1996-09-20","country":"HUN","citizenship":"Hungary","birth_country":"HUN","notable_works":39,"sitelinks":84,"hpi":72.17,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Erdos%20head%20budapest%20fall%201992.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":243,"name":"Edsger W. Dijkstra","wikidata":"Q8556","description":"Dutch computer scientist (1930–2002)","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1930-05-11","death_date":"2002-08-06","country":"NLD","citizenship":"Kingdom of the Netherlands","birth_country":"NLD","notable_works":6,"sitelinks":84,"hpi":70.14,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Edsger%20Wybe%20Dijkstra.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":254,"name":"Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac","wikidata":"Q153185","description":"French chemist and physicist (1778–1850)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1778-12-06","death_date":"1850-05-09","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":83,"hpi":81.21,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gaylussac.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":254,"name":"Jacques Lacan","wikidata":"Q169906","description":"French psychoanalyst and writer (1901–1981)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1901-04-13","death_date":"1981-09-09","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":83,"hpi":80.1,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jacques%20Lacan%20during%20an%20interview%201969.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":254,"name":"Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit","wikidata":"Q57073","description":"German-Polish physicist and engineer (1686-1736)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1686-05-24","death_date":"1736-09-16","country":null,"citizenship":"Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth","birth_country":"POL","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":83,"hpi":79.17,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fahrenheit%20small.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":254,"name":"Luis Walter Alvarez","wikidata":"Q178344","description":"American experimental physicist, inventor, and professor (1911–1988)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1911-06-13","death_date":"1988-09-01","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":83,"hpi":76.99,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LWA%20Picture%20Final.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":254,"name":"Victor Francis Hess","wikidata":"Q78520","description":"Austrian physicist and Nobel prize laureate (1883-1964)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1883-06-24","death_date":"1964-12-17","country":null,"citizenship":"Austria; United States","birth_country":"AUT","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":83,"hpi":76.97,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hess.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":254,"name":"Jordan Peterson","wikidata":"Q6276882","description":"Canadian clinical psychologist, author, and political commentator and manosphere activist (1962-)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1962-06-12","death_date":null,"country":"CAN","citizenship":"Canada","birth_country":"CAN","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":83,"hpi":75.52,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jordan%20Peterson%20by%20Gage%20Skidmore.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":254,"name":"Clinton Davisson","wikidata":"Q133222","description":"American physicist (1881-1958)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1881-10-22","death_date":"1958-02-01","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":83,"hpi":75.46,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Clinton%20Davisson.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":254,"name":"William Rowan Hamilton","wikidata":"Q11887","description":"Irish mathematician and astronomer (1805-1865)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1805-08-04","death_date":"1865-09-02","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"IRL","notable_works":7,"sitelinks":83,"hpi":74.78,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/William%20Rowan%20Hamilton%20painting.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":254,"name":"Linda B. Buck","wikidata":"Q200136","description":"American biologist","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1947-01-29","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":83,"hpi":72.7,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Linda%20Buck%202015%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":254,"name":"Robert H. Goddard","wikidata":"Q182546","description":"American physicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1882-10-05","death_date":"1945-08-10","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":83,"hpi":71.26,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Dr.%20Robert%20H.%20Goddard%20-%20GPN-2002-000131.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":254,"name":"Satyendra Nath Bose","wikidata":"Q45789","description":"Indian Bengali physicist and polymath (1894–1974)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1894-01-01","death_date":"1974-02-04","country":"IND","citizenship":"India","birth_country":"IND","notable_works":4,"sitelinks":83,"hpi":69.8,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/SatyenBose1925.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":265,"name":"Sylvester II","wikidata":"Q172383","description":"Pope of the Catholic Church from 999 to 1003","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"0938","death_date":"1003-05-18","country":null,"citizenship":null,"birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":82,"hpi":78.5,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Meister%20der%20Reichenauer%20Schule%20002%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":265,"name":"Christian Dopplerr","wikidata":"Q84284","description":"Austrian mathematician and physicist (1803-1853)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1803-11-29","death_date":"1853-03-17","country":null,"citizenship":"Austrian Empire","birth_country":"AUT","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":82,"hpi":77.27,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Christian%20Doppler.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":265,"name":"Georges Lemaître","wikidata":"Q12998","description":"Belgian astrophysicist and Catholic priest (1894–1966)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1894-07-17","death_date":"1966-06-20","country":"BEL","citizenship":"Belgium","birth_country":"BEL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":82,"hpi":75.64,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Lemaitre.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":265,"name":"Arno Allan Penzias","wikidata":"Q172877","description":"German-born American physicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1933-04-26","death_date":"2024-01-22","country":null,"citizenship":"statelessness; Germany; United States","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":82,"hpi":74.19,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/32.%20Tagung%201982%20Physiker%3B%20Beim%20Studentenabend%20Arno%20A.%20Penzias%20-%20W134Nr.119142%20-%20Willy%20Pragher%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":265,"name":"Benoit Mandelbrot","wikidata":"Q101740","description":"Polish-born, French and American mathematician (1924–2010)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1924-11-20","death_date":"2010-10-14","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; France; Poland","birth_country":"POL","notable_works":4,"sitelinks":82,"hpi":73.71,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Benoit%20Mandelbrot%20mg%201804-d.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":265,"name":"Robert Wilson","wikidata":"Q171034","description":"American astronomer (born 1936)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1936-01-10","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":82,"hpi":73.41,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Robert%20Wilson%20(28215880301)%20(cropped)%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":265,"name":"Georg Christoph Lichtenberg","wikidata":"Q57554","description":"German scientist and satirist (1742-1799)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1742-07-01","death_date":"1799-02-24","country":null,"citizenship":"Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt; Holy Roman Empire","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":82,"hpi":72.28,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Georg%20Christoph%20Lichtenberg.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":265,"name":"Alexei Abrikosov","wikidata":"Q188128","description":"Soviet, Russian and American theoretical physicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1928-06-25","death_date":"2017-03-29","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Russia","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":82,"hpi":71.73,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/AA%20Abrikosov%20ANL1.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":265,"name":"Zhores Alferov","wikidata":"Q183279","description":"Soviet-Russian physicist (1930–2019)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1930-03-15","death_date":"2019-03-01","country":"RUS","citizenship":"Russia","birth_country":"BLR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":82,"hpi":67.85,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Zhores%20Alferov%20April%202016.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":265,"name":"Norman Borlaug","wikidata":"Q154824","description":"American biologist (1914–2009)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1914-03-25","death_date":"2009-09-12","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":82,"hpi":67.82,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Norman%20Borlaug.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":275,"name":"Owen Willans Richardson","wikidata":"Q169330","description":"British physicist (1879-1959)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1879-04-26","death_date":"1959-02-15","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":81,"hpi":82.49,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Owen%20Richardson.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":275,"name":"Lev Vygotsky","wikidata":"Q180819","description":"Soviet psychologist (1896-1934)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1896-11-17","death_date":"1934-06-10","country":null,"citizenship":"Russian Empire; Soviet Union","birth_country":"BLR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":81,"hpi":80.34,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Lev-Semyonovich-Vygotsky-1896-1934.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":275,"name":"Diophantus of Alexandria","wikidata":"Q178217","description":"3rd century Alexandrian Greek mathematician","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"0200","death_date":"0284","country":null,"citizenship":"Ancient Rome","birth_country":"EGY","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":81,"hpi":79.85,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/%CE%94%CE%B9%CF%8C%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82%20-%20Diophantos%20-%20%D0%94%D0%98%D0%9E%D0%A4%D0%90%D0%9D%D0%A2.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":275,"name":"Gerolamo Cardano","wikidata":"Q184530","description":"Italian Renaissance mathematician, physician, astrologer (1501-1576)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1501-10-04","death_date":"1576-10-01","country":null,"citizenship":"Duchy of Milan","birth_country":"ITA","notable_works":4,"sitelinks":81,"hpi":79.79,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Girolamo%20Cardano.%20Stipple%20engraving%20by%20R.%20Cooper.%20Wellcome%20V0001004.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":275,"name":"Viktor Frankl","wikidata":"Q154723","description":"Austrian Holocaust survivor, psychiatrist, philosopher and author (1905–1997)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1905-03-26","death_date":"1997-09-02","country":"AUT","citizenship":"Austria","birth_country":"AUT","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":81,"hpi":79.3,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Viktor%20Frankl2.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":275,"name":"Eduard Buchner","wikidata":"Q43917","description":"German chemist (1907 Nobel Prize)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1860-05-20","death_date":"1917-08-13","country":null,"citizenship":"German Empire","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":81,"hpi":78.78,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Eduardbuchner.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":275,"name":"Charles Glover Barkla","wikidata":"Q160522","description":"English physicist (1877-1944)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1877-06-07","death_date":"1944-10-23","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":81,"hpi":78.02,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Charles%20Glover%20Barkla%2001.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":275,"name":"Manne Siegbahn","wikidata":"Q170741","description":"Swedish physicist (1886-1978)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1886-12-03","death_date":"1978-09-24","country":"SWE","citizenship":"Sweden","birth_country":"SWE","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":81,"hpi":77.16,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/1924%20Karl%20Manne%20Siegbahn.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":275,"name":"Robert Bunsen","wikidata":"Q71031","description":"German chemist (1811-1899)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1811-03-30","death_date":"1899-08-16","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":81,"hpi":75.94,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Robert%20Wilhelm%20Bunsen%20(HeidICON%2053016)%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":275,"name":"Aage Bohr","wikidata":"Q103854","description":"Danish physicist (1922–2009)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1922-06-19","death_date":"2009-09-08","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Denmark","birth_country":"DNK","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":81,"hpi":75.84,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Aage%20Bohr.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":275,"name":"George Paget Thomson","wikidata":"Q133846","description":"English physicist (1892–1975)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1892-05-03","death_date":"1975-09-10","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":81,"hpi":73.9,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/George%20Paget%20Thomson.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":275,"name":"Felix Bloch","wikidata":"Q123022","description":"Swiss physicist (1905-1983)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1905-10-23","death_date":"1983-09-10","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Switzerland","birth_country":"CHE","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":81,"hpi":73.57,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/ETH-BIB-Bloch%2C%20Felix%20(1905-1983)-Portr%2003540.tif?width=320"}
{"rank":275,"name":"Georges Charpak","wikidata":"Q153178","description":"French physicist (1924-2010)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1924-08-01","death_date":"2010-09-29","country":null,"citizenship":"France; Poland","birth_country":"UKR","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":81,"hpi":73.25,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/CHARPAK%20Georges-24x50-2005%20cropped.JPG?width=320"}
{"rank":275,"name":"Elizabeth Blackburn","wikidata":"Q26321","description":"Australian-American biological researcher","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1948-11-26","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Australia","birth_country":"AUS","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":81,"hpi":72.13,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Elizabeth%20Blackburn%20CHF%20Heritage%20Day%202012%20Rush%20001.JPG?width=320"}
{"rank":275,"name":"Ernest Walton","wikidata":"Q183631","description":"Irish physicist and Nobel laureate (1903-1995)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1903-10-06","death_date":"1995-06-25","country":"IRL","citizenship":"Ireland","birth_country":"IRL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":81,"hpi":68.17,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ernest%20Walton.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":275,"name":"Carol Greider","wikidata":"Q26322","description":"American molecular biologist","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1961-04-15","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":81,"hpi":63.23,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/GREIDER%20Carol%202014%20-%20Less%20vignetting.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":291,"name":"Luigi Galvani","wikidata":"Q1589","description":"Italian physician, physicist, and philosopher","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1737-09-09","death_date":"1798-12-04","country":null,"citizenship":"Papal States","birth_country":"ITA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":80,"hpi":80.29,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Luigi%20Galvani%2C%20oil-painting.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":291,"name":"Ole Rømer","wikidata":"Q160187","description":"Danish astronomer (*1644 – †1710)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1644-09-25","death_date":"1710-09-19","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Denmark","birth_country":"DNK","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":80,"hpi":77.72,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/R%C3%B8mer%2C%20Ole%20(ur%20Ber%C3%B8mte%20danske%20maend).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":291,"name":"Frédéric Joliot-Curie","wikidata":"Q150989","description":"French scientist (1900-1958)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1900-03-19","death_date":"1958-08-14","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":80,"hpi":77.57,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Joliot-Curie%20Harcourt%201948%203.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":291,"name":"Rudolf Clausius","wikidata":"Q30693","description":"German mathematical physicist and professor (1822–1888)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1822-01-02","death_date":"1888-08-24","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia","birth_country":"POL","notable_works":8,"sitelinks":80,"hpi":76.74,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Clausius.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":291,"name":"Percy Williams Bridgman","wikidata":"Q172118","description":"American physicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1882-04-21","death_date":"1961-08-20","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":80,"hpi":76.05,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bridgman.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":291,"name":"Samuel P. Huntington","wikidata":"Q19074","description":"American political scientist (1927–2008)","occupation":"Political scientist","birth_date":"1927-04-18","death_date":"2008-12-24","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":80,"hpi":75.98,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Samuel%20P.%20Huntington%20(2004%20World%20Economic%20Forum).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":291,"name":"Donald Arthur Glaser","wikidata":"Q80905","description":"American physicist and neurobiologist (1926–2013)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1926-09-21","death_date":"2013-02-28","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":80,"hpi":75.85,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Donald%20Glaser.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":291,"name":"Walther Bothe","wikidata":"Q76474","description":"German physicist, mathematician and chemist (1891-1957)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1891-01-08","death_date":"1957-02-08","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":80,"hpi":75.26,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bothe.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":291,"name":"Neil deGrasse Tyson","wikidata":"Q310903","description":"American astrophysicist and science communicator","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1958-10-05","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":80,"hpi":74.94,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Neil%20deGrasse%20Tyson%20in%20June%202017%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":291,"name":"Riccardo Giacconi","wikidata":"Q186481","description":"Italian-American astrophysicist (1931-2018)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1931-10-06","death_date":"2018-12-09","country":null,"citizenship":"Italy; United States","birth_country":"ITA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":80,"hpi":74.7,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/RiccardoGiacconi.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":291,"name":"Francis Fukuyama","wikidata":"Q186123","description":"American political scientist, political economist, and author","occupation":"Political scientist","birth_date":"1952-10-27","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":80,"hpi":71.95,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Francis%20Fukuyama%20no%20Fronteiras%20do%20Pensamento%20S%C3%A3o%20Paulo%20(28022453222)%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":291,"name":"Grigori Perelman","wikidata":"Q117346","description":"Russian mathematician (born 1966)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1966-06-13","death_date":null,"country":"RUS","citizenship":"Russia","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":6,"sitelinks":80,"hpi":71.24,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Grigori%20Perelman%2C%201993%20(re-scanned)%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":291,"name":"Tansu Çiller","wikidata":"Q208377","description":"Turkish politician, who has been the first female and 22nd prime minister of the country","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1946-05-24","death_date":null,"country":"TUR","citizenship":"Turkey","birth_country":"TUR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":80,"hpi":71.07,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Turkish%20prime%20minister%20Tansu%20%C3%87iller%20in%20Brussels.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":291,"name":"John Cockcroft","wikidata":"Q62897","description":"British physicist (1897–1967)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1897-05-27","death_date":"1967-09-18","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":80,"hpi":70.05,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Cockcroft.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":291,"name":"Emmanuelle Charpentier","wikidata":"Q17280087","description":"French microbiologist and biochemist (born 1968)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1968-12-11","death_date":null,"country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":80,"hpi":67.2,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Emmanuelle%20Charpentier.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":306,"name":"Ulugh Beg","wikidata":"Q486088","description":"Timurid sultan, astronomer and mathematician (1394–1449)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1394-03-30","death_date":"1449-11-05","country":null,"citizenship":"Timurid Empire","birth_country":"IRN","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":79,"hpi":79.2,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ulugh%20Beg%2C%20Timurid%20painting%201425-50.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":306,"name":"Carl Wilhelm Scheele","wikidata":"Q70538","description":"Swedish German chemist who discovered oxygen","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1742-12-09","death_date":"1786-05-21","country":"SWE","citizenship":"Sweden","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":79,"hpi":78.35,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Carl%20Wilhelm%20Scheele.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":306,"name":"Henri Moissan","wikidata":"Q102804","description":"French chemist (1852–1907)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1852-09-28","death_date":"1907-02-20","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":79,"hpi":77.69,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Henri%20Moissan.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":306,"name":"Thomas Hunt Morgan","wikidata":"Q177681","description":"American biologist and professor from Kentucky (1866–1945)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1866-09-25","death_date":"1945-12-04","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":79,"hpi":76.71,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Thomas%20Hunt%20Morgan.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":306,"name":"Adolf von Baeyer","wikidata":"Q57078","description":"German chemist (1835-1917)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1835-10-31","death_date":"1917-08-20","country":null,"citizenship":"German Empire","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":79,"hpi":76.52,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Adolf%20von%20Baeyer%20CIPB0531%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":306,"name":"Victor Grignard","wikidata":"Q104582","description":"French chemist (1871-1935)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1871-05-06","death_date":"1935-12-13","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":79,"hpi":76.41,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Viktor-grignard%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":306,"name":"Peter Debye","wikidata":"Q103835","description":"Dutch-American physicist and physical chemist (1884–1966)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1884-03-24","death_date":"1966-11-02","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of the Netherlands; United States","birth_country":"NLD","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":79,"hpi":75.71,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Debye100.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":306,"name":"Charles Sanders Peirce","wikidata":"Q187520","description":"American philosopher, logician, mathematician, and scientist (1839-1914)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1839-09-10","death_date":"1914-04-19","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":79,"hpi":75.56,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Charles%20Sanders%20Peirce.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":306,"name":"Peter Grünberg","wikidata":"Q57120","description":"German physicist, and Nobel Prize in Physics laureate (1939-2018)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1939-05-18","death_date":"2018-04-07","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"CZE","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":79,"hpi":75.22,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Peter%20Gruenberg%2001.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":306,"name":"Ludwig von Mises","wikidata":"Q84233","description":"Austrian-American economist (1881–1973)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1881-09-29","death_date":"1973-10-10","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Austria","birth_country":"UKR","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":79,"hpi":74.8,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ludwig%20von%20Mises.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":306,"name":"Emilio G. Segrè","wikidata":"Q173028","description":"Italian physicist and Nobel laureate","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1905-02-01","death_date":"1989-04-22","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"ITA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":79,"hpi":74.45,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Segre.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":306,"name":"Katherine Johnson","wikidata":"Q11740","description":"African-American mathematician","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1918-08-26","death_date":"2020-02-24","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":79,"hpi":73.76,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Katherine%20Johnson%201983.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":306,"name":"Gunnar Myrdal","wikidata":"Q152452","description":"Swedish economist (1898–1987)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1898-12-06","death_date":"1987-05-17","country":"SWE","citizenship":"Sweden","birth_country":"SWE","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":79,"hpi":73.52,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gunnar%20Myrdal%201964%20002%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":306,"name":"Stefan Banach","wikidata":"Q180217","description":"Polish mathematician (1892–1945)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1892-03-30","death_date":"1945-08-31","country":null,"citizenship":"Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic; Second Polish Republic; Reichskommissariat Ukraine; Cisleithania","birth_country":"POL","notable_works":19,"sitelinks":79,"hpi":73.02,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Stefana%20Banach%20-%20%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%86%20%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AE.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":306,"name":"Igor Tamm","wikidata":"Q155759","description":"Soviet physicist (1895–1971)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1895-07-08","death_date":"1971-04-12","country":null,"citizenship":"Soviet Union; Russian Empire","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":79,"hpi":71.97,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Igor%20Tamm.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":321,"name":"Jacob Bernoulli","wikidata":"Q122392","description":"Swiss mathematician (1655-1705)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1654-12-27","death_date":"1705-08-16","country":"CHE","citizenship":"Switzerland","birth_country":"CHE","notable_works":12,"sitelinks":78,"hpi":81.66,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jakob%20Bernoulli.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":321,"name":"Hero of Alexandria","wikidata":"Q161853","description":"ancient Greek mathematician and engineer","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"0010","death_date":"0075","country":null,"citizenship":null,"birth_country":"EGY","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":78,"hpi":80.07,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hero%20of%20Alexandria.png?width=320"}
{"rank":321,"name":"Apollonius of Perga","wikidata":"Q180109","description":"ancient Greek geometer and astronomer noted for his writings on conic sections","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"-261","death_date":"-189","country":null,"citizenship":null,"birth_country":"TUR","notable_works":4,"sitelinks":78,"hpi":78.39,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Apollonii%20Pergei%20Opera%201537%20detail.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":321,"name":"Léon Foucault","wikidata":"Q187966","description":"French physicist (1819–1868)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1819-09-18","death_date":"1868-02-11","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":7,"sitelinks":78,"hpi":77.89,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Foucault%20portre%20crop.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":321,"name":"Maria Gaetana Agnesi","wikidata":"Q200392","description":"Italian mathematician and philanthropist (1718–1799)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1718-05-16","death_date":"1799-01-09","country":null,"citizenship":"Habsburg monarchy","birth_country":"ITA","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":78,"hpi":76.89,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Maria%20Gaetana%20Agnesi.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":321,"name":"Francis William Aston","wikidata":"Q102291","description":"British chemist (1877-1945)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1877-09-01","death_date":"1945-11-20","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":78,"hpi":75.65,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Francis%20William%20Aston.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":321,"name":"Daniel Kahneman","wikidata":"Q233950","description":"Israeli-American psychologist and economist (1934–2024)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1934-03-05","death_date":"2024-03-27","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Israel","birth_country":"ISR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":78,"hpi":75.25,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Daniel%20Kahneman%20(3283955327)%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":321,"name":"Arnold Sommerfeld","wikidata":"Q77078","description":"German physicist (1868-1951)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1868-12-05","death_date":"1951-04-26","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":8,"sitelinks":78,"hpi":75.11,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Portrait%20of%20Arnold%20Sommerfeld.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":321,"name":"Albert Fert","wikidata":"Q153219","description":"French physicist, Nobel laureate in physics","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1938-03-07","death_date":null,"country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":78,"hpi":74.95,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Albert%20fert%2015%20janvier%202009%20Spintronique%20Paris%20Descartes.JPG?width=320"}
{"rank":321,"name":"Albert Hofmann","wikidata":"Q122338","description":"Swiss chemist (1906–2008)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1906-01-11","death_date":"2008-04-29","country":"CHE","citizenship":"Switzerland","birth_country":"CHE","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":78,"hpi":74.84,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Albert%20Hofmann%20Oct%201993.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":321,"name":"Pavel Cherenkov","wikidata":"Q76970","description":"Soviet physicist (1904-1990)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1904-07-28","death_date":"1990-01-06","country":null,"citizenship":"Russian Empire; Soviet Union","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":78,"hpi":74.18,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Cerenkov.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":321,"name":"Walter Houser Brattain","wikidata":"Q184577","description":"American physicist (1902–1987)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1902-02-10","death_date":"1987-10-13","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"CHN","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":78,"hpi":73.85,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Brattain.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":321,"name":"Dian Fossey","wikidata":"Q234224","description":"American zoologist, gorilla researcher (1932–1985)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1932-01-16","death_date":"1985-12-26","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":78,"hpi":72.5,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Dian%20Fossey%20October%201968.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":321,"name":"Glenn Theodore Seaborg","wikidata":"Q48973","description":"American chemist (1912–1999)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1912-04-19","death_date":"1999-02-25","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":78,"hpi":71.74,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Glenn%20Seaborg%20-%201964.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":321,"name":"Alexander Prokhorov","wikidata":"Q83552","description":"Soviet and Russian physicist (1916-2002)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1916-07-11","death_date":"2002-01-08","country":"RUS","citizenship":"Russia","birth_country":"AUS","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":78,"hpi":70.8,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Aleksandr%20Prokhorov.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":321,"name":"Hermann Weyl","wikidata":"Q71029","description":"German mathematician (1885–1955)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1885-11-09","death_date":"1955-12-08","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Germany; Switzerland","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":27,"sitelinks":78,"hpi":69.71,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hermann%20Weyl%20ETH-Bib%20Portr%2000890.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":321,"name":"David Gross","wikidata":"Q40262","description":"American particle physicist and string theorist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1941-02-19","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":78,"hpi":68.57,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/David%20Gross%20LANL.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":338,"name":"Brian David Josephson","wikidata":"Q181363","description":"Welsh physicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1940-01-04","death_date":null,"country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":77,"hpi":79.14,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Brian%20Josephson%2C%20March%202004.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":338,"name":"Giovanni Domenico Cassini","wikidata":"Q14279","description":"Italian/French mathematician, astronomer, engineer, and astrologer (*1625 – †1712)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1625-06-08","death_date":"1712-09-14","country":null,"citizenship":null,"birth_country":"ITA","notable_works":4,"sitelinks":77,"hpi":78.44,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Giovanni%20Domenico%20Cassini.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":338,"name":"Johannes Hans Daniel Jensen","wikidata":"Q76797","description":"German nuclear physicist (1907–1973)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1907-06-25","death_date":"1973-02-11","country":null,"citizenship":"German Reich; West Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":77,"hpi":76.08,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Johannes%20Hans%20Daniel%20Jensen%20(1907%E2%80%931973).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":338,"name":"Ilya Prigogine","wikidata":"Q183509","description":"Russian-Belgian physical chemist (1917–2003)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1917-01-25","death_date":"2003-05-28","country":"BEL","citizenship":"Belgium","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":77,"hpi":75.46,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ilya%20Prigogine%201977c.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":338,"name":"Charles Messier","wikidata":"Q14524","description":"18th- and 19th-century French astronomer","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1730-06-26","death_date":"1817-04-12","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":77,"hpi":75.05,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Charles%20Messier.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":338,"name":"Simon van der Meer","wikidata":"Q104779","description":"Dutch physicist (1925–2011)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1925-11-24","death_date":"2011-03-04","country":"NLD","citizenship":"Kingdom of the Netherlands","birth_country":"NLD","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":77,"hpi":74.74,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Simon%20van%20der%20Meer%20in%20the%20AA%20Control%20Room%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":338,"name":"Hermann Minkowski","wikidata":"Q57246","description":"German mathematician and physicist (1864–1909)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1864-06-22","death_date":"1909-01-12","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia","birth_country":"LTU","notable_works":14,"sitelinks":77,"hpi":74.49,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hermann%20Minkowski%20Portrait.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":338,"name":"Andrey Kolmogorov","wikidata":"Q153224","description":"Russian mathematician (1903–1987)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1903-04-25","death_date":"1987-10-20","country":null,"citizenship":"Russian Empire; Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic; Soviet Union","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":9,"sitelinks":77,"hpi":74.19,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Andrej%20Nikolajewitsch%20Kolmogorov.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":338,"name":"Nicolaas Bloembergen","wikidata":"Q189987","description":"Dutch-born American physicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1920-03-11","death_date":"2017-09-05","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Kingdom of the Netherlands","birth_country":"NLD","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":77,"hpi":73.93,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nicolaas%20Bloembergen%201981.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":338,"name":"Martin Ryle","wikidata":"Q190766","description":"English radio astronomer (1918–1984)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1918-09-27","death_date":"1984-10-14","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":77,"hpi":72.2,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Martin%20Ryle%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":338,"name":"Harold Urey","wikidata":"Q179777","description":"American physical chemist (1893-1981)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1893-04-29","death_date":"1981-01-05","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":77,"hpi":72.17,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Harold%20Urey%2C%201934.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":338,"name":"Arthur Eddington","wikidata":"Q215022","description":"British astrophysicist (1882-1944)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1882-12-28","death_date":"1944-11-22","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":10,"sitelinks":77,"hpi":71.99,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Arthur%20Stanley%20Eddington.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":338,"name":"Tsung-Dao Lee","wikidata":"Q183679","description":"Chinese-American physicist (1926–2024)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1926-11-24","death_date":"2024-08-04","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Taiwan","birth_country":"CHN","notable_works":4,"sitelinks":77,"hpi":70.51,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/TD%20Lee.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":338,"name":"Har Gobind Khorana","wikidata":"Q107462","description":"Indian-American molecular biologist (1922-2011)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1922-01-09","death_date":"2011-11-09","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; India","birth_country":"PAK","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":77,"hpi":66.89,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Har%20Gobind%20Khorana.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":338,"name":"John James Audubon","wikidata":"Q182882","description":"French-American ornithologist, naturalist, and painter (1785–1851)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1785-04-26","death_date":"1851-01-27","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; France","birth_country":"HTI","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":77,"hpi":65.94,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/John%20James%20Audubon%201826.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":338,"name":"Aziz Sancar","wikidata":"Q15118973","description":"Turkish geneticist; Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2015","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1946-09-08","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Turkey; Northern Cyprus","birth_country":"TUR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":77,"hpi":65.05,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Aziz%20Sancar%200060.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":338,"name":"Frances Arnold","wikidata":"Q4273363","description":"Nobel prize winning US scientist and engineer (born 1956)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1956-07-25","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":77,"hpi":63.33,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Frances%20Arnold%20in%202021%20at%20Caltech%2001%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":355,"name":"Aristarchus of Samos","wikidata":"Q140188","description":"Greek astronomer and mathematician (c.310–c.230 BC)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"-309","death_date":"-229","country":"GRC","citizenship":"Samos","birth_country":"GRC","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":76,"hpi":79.89,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Aristarchus%20van%20Samos%2C%20atlas%20of%20Cellarius%20(1646).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":355,"name":"Carl Rogers","wikidata":"Q191004","description":"American psychologist (1902–1987)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1902-01-08","death_date":"1987-02-04","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":76,"hpi":78.56,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Carl%20Ransom%20Rogers.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":355,"name":"Patrick Blackett","wikidata":"Q184499","description":"British physicist (1897-1974)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1897-11-18","death_date":"1974-07-13","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":76,"hpi":78.48,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Blackett.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":355,"name":"Frédéric Passy","wikidata":"Q180409","description":"French economist and statesman (1822-1912)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1822-05-20","death_date":"1912-06-12","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":76,"hpi":78.38,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Frederic%20Passy.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":355,"name":"Georg Simmel","wikidata":"Q76849","description":"German sociologist, philosopher, and critic (1858–1918)","occupation":"Sociologist","birth_date":"1858-03-01","death_date":"1918-09-26","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":76,"hpi":76.47,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Simmel%2001.JPG?width=320"}
{"rank":355,"name":"Luc Montagnier","wikidata":"Q103598","description":"French virologist and joint recipient of the Nobel Prize of Physiology or Medicine (2008)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1932-08-18","death_date":"2022-02-08","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":76,"hpi":75.42,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Luc%20Montagnier-press%20conference%20Dec%2006th%2C%202008-6.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":355,"name":"Ernst Ruska","wikidata":"Q71022","description":"German physicist (1906–1988)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1906-12-25","death_date":"1988-05-27","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":76,"hpi":75.15,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ernst%20Ruska%20Electron%20Microscope%20-%20Deutsches%20Museum%20-%20Munich-edit.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":355,"name":"Giuseppe Piazzi","wikidata":"Q14280","description":"Italian Catholic priest, mathematician and astronomer (1746–1826)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1746-07-16","death_date":"1826-07-22","country":null,"citizenship":null,"birth_country":"ITA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":76,"hpi":74.97,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Costanzo%20Angelini%2C%20L'astronomo%20Piazzi%201825%20ca.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":355,"name":"Alfred Kastler","wikidata":"Q71023","description":"French physicist (1902–1984)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1902-05-03","death_date":"1984-01-07","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":76,"hpi":74.81,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Kastler.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":355,"name":"Richard Dedekind","wikidata":"Q76556","description":"German mathematician (1831–1916)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1831-10-06","death_date":"1916-02-12","country":null,"citizenship":"Duchy of Brunswick","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":18,"sitelinks":76,"hpi":74.59,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Dedekind.jpeg?width=320"}
{"rank":355,"name":"Frits Zernike","wikidata":"Q188293","description":"Dutch physicist (1888–1966)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1888-07-16","death_date":"1966-03-10","country":"NLD","citizenship":"Kingdom of the Netherlands","birth_country":"NLD","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":76,"hpi":73.57,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Zernike.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":355,"name":"Jacques Monod","wikidata":"Q231402","description":"French biologist and biochemist, Nobel laureate (1910-1976)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1910-02-09","death_date":"1976-05-31","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":76,"hpi":73.24,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jacques%20Monod%201971.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":355,"name":"François Englert","wikidata":"Q151746","description":"Belgian theoretical physicist (1932–2026)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1932-11-06","death_date":"2026-06-18","country":null,"citizenship":"Belgium; France","birth_country":"BEL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":76,"hpi":73.03,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Francois%20Englert%20(3x4%20cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":355,"name":"Martin Lewis Perl","wikidata":"Q107416","description":"American scientist (1927–2014)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1927-06-24","death_date":"2014-09-30","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":76,"hpi":72.56,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Martin%20Perl%20-%20tau.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":355,"name":"Shinichiro Tomonaga","wikidata":"Q184563","description":"Japanese physicist (1906-1979)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1906-03-31","death_date":"1979-07-08","country":"JPN","citizenship":"Japan","birth_country":"JPN","notable_works":4,"sitelinks":76,"hpi":72.31,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Tomonaga.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":355,"name":"George F. Smoot","wikidata":"Q179572","description":"American astrophysicist and cosmologist (1945–2025)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1945-02-20","death_date":"2025-09-18","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":76,"hpi":72.03,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/George%20smoot%2006N7133a.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":355,"name":"Edward Mills Purcell","wikidata":"Q183270","description":"American physicist (1912-1997)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1912-08-30","death_date":"1997-03-07","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":76,"hpi":71.44,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Edward%20Mills%20Purcell.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":355,"name":"Nikolay Basov","wikidata":"Q83557","description":"Soviet physicist (1922-2001)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1922-12-14","death_date":"2001-07-01","country":"RUS","citizenship":"Russia","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":76,"hpi":70.38,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Basov.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":355,"name":"Leon M. Lederman","wikidata":"Q192695","description":"American mathematician and physicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1922-07-15","death_date":"2018-10-03","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":76,"hpi":69.68,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Leon%20M.%20Lederman.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":355,"name":"Carlo Rubbia","wikidata":"Q187199","description":"Italian particle physicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1934-03-31","death_date":null,"country":"ITA","citizenship":"Italy","birth_country":"ITA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":76,"hpi":69.34,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Carlo%20Rubbia%202012.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":355,"name":"Gerard 't Hooft","wikidata":"Q184592","description":"Dutch theoretical physicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1946-07-05","death_date":null,"country":"NLD","citizenship":"Kingdom of the Netherlands","birth_country":"NLD","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":76,"hpi":68.92,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gerard%20't%20Hooft.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":355,"name":"Ahmed Zewail","wikidata":"Q106624","description":"Egyptian chemist","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1946-02-26","death_date":"2016-08-02","country":null,"citizenship":"Egypt; United States","birth_country":"EGY","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":76,"hpi":68.82,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ahmed%20Zewail%20HD2009%20Othmer%20Gold%20Medal%20portrait.JPG?width=320"}
{"rank":377,"name":"Jaafar Al-Sadiq","wikidata":"Q170046","description":"Muslim scholar and Imam (died 765)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"0702-04-24","death_date":"0765-12-20","country":null,"citizenship":null,"birth_country":"SAU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":75,"hpi":79.09,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Eight%20imams%20and%20Hakima%20next%20to%20Jawad.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":377,"name":"Venkatraman Ramakrishnan","wikidata":"Q60061","description":"Nobel prize winning American and British structural biologist","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1952-04-04","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"IND","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":75,"hpi":76.44,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Venki%20Ramakrishnan.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":377,"name":"Josiah Willard Gibbs","wikidata":"Q153243","description":"American scientist (1839–1903)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1839-02-11","death_date":"1903-04-28","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":19,"sitelinks":75,"hpi":74.81,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Josiah%20Willard%20Gibbs%20-from%20MMS-.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":377,"name":"Rudolf Ludwig Mössbauer","wikidata":"Q44286","description":"German nuclear physicist and Noble Prize in Physics","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1929-01-31","death_date":"2011-09-14","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":75,"hpi":74.03,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Rudolf%20L.%20Moessbauer%201962.png?width=320"}
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{"rank":377,"name":"Leon Cooper","wikidata":"Q82563","description":"American physicist (1930–2024)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1930-02-28","death_date":"2024-10-23","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":75,"hpi":72.81,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nobel%20Laureate%20Leon%20Cooper%20in%202007.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":377,"name":"William Alfred Fowler","wikidata":"Q46120","description":"American nuclear physicist (1911-1995)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1911-08-09","death_date":"1995-03-14","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":75,"hpi":71.45,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/William%20A.%20Fowler%20Los%20Alamos%20ID.png?width=320"}
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{"rank":377,"name":"Masatoshi Koshiba","wikidata":"Q155773","description":"Japanese physicist and astronomer (1926-2020)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1926-09-19","death_date":"2020-11-12","country":"JPN","citizenship":"Japan","birth_country":"JPN","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":75,"hpi":68.84,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Masatoshi%20Koshiba%202002.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":377,"name":"John Kenneth Galbraith","wikidata":"Q186042","description":"Canadian-American economist and diplomat (1908–2006)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1908-10-15","death_date":"2006-04-29","country":null,"citizenship":"Canada; United States","birth_country":"CAN","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":75,"hpi":67.93,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/John%20Kenneth%20Galbraith%20from%20the%20back%20cover%20of%20%22The%20Affluent%20Society%22.jpeg?width=320"}
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{"rank":388,"name":"Heinrich Schliemann","wikidata":"Q57106","description":"German businessman and archaeologist (1822–1890)","occupation":"Archaeologist","birth_date":"1822-01-06","death_date":"1890-12-26","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":6,"sitelinks":74,"hpi":79.87,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Heinrich%20Schliemann%20(HeidICON%2028763)%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":388,"name":"Robert Edwards","wikidata":"Q104913","description":"English physiologist and pioneer in reproductive medicine and in-vitro fertilisation","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1925-09-27","death_date":"2013-04-10","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":74,"hpi":78.39,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Robert%20Geoffrey%20Edwards%20(2010).jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":388,"name":"François Arago","wikidata":"Q154353","description":"French mathematician, physicist, astronomer and politician (1786-1853)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1786-02-26","death_date":"1853-10-02","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":74,"hpi":75.09,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fran%C3%A7ois%20Arago%20par%20Ary%20Scheffer.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":388,"name":"Norbert Wiener","wikidata":"Q178577","description":"American mathematician, scientist in cybernetics and artificial intelligence (1894–1964)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1894-11-26","death_date":"1964-03-18","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":9,"sitelinks":74,"hpi":74.1,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Norbert%20wiener.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":388,"name":"Augustin-Jean Fresnel","wikidata":"Q187241","description":"French engineer and physicist (1788-1827)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1788-05-10","death_date":"1827-07-14","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":8,"sitelinks":74,"hpi":73.35,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fresnel%20-%20%C5%92uvres%20compl%C3%A8tes%20d'Augustin%20Fresnel%20tome%201%20(page%206%20crop).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":388,"name":"Gerd Binnig","wikidata":"Q76766","description":"German physicist (born 1947)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1947-07-20","death_date":null,"country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":74,"hpi":73.15,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gerd%20Binnig%20sw.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":388,"name":"Leo Esaki","wikidata":"Q179852","description":"Japanese physicist (1925-)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1925-03-12","death_date":null,"country":"JPN","citizenship":"Japan","birth_country":"JPN","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":74,"hpi":70.47,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Esaki%20leo%20Gakushiin.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":409,"name":"Otto Wallach","wikidata":"Q57127","description":"German chemist (1847–1931)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1847-03-27","death_date":"1931-02-26","country":null,"citizenship":"German Empire","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":73,"hpi":78.3,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Otto%20Wallach%201910.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":409,"name":"Maria Sibylla Merian","wikidata":"Q62530","description":"German-Dutch entomologist, botanist, naturalist, scientific illustrator, graphic artist, painter, and lepidopterologist (1647-1717)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1647-04-02","death_date":"1717-01-13","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":73,"hpi":75.41,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bildnis%20der%20Maria%20Sibylla%20Merian%2C%201679.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":409,"name":"Heinrich Rohrer","wikidata":"Q123029","description":"Swiss physicist (1933-2013)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1933-06-06","death_date":"2013-05-16","country":"CHE","citizenship":"Switzerland","birth_country":"CHE","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":73,"hpi":75.31,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Rohrer.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":409,"name":"Frédéric Bastiat","wikidata":"Q13515","description":"French classical liberal theorist, political economist, and member of the French assembly (1801-1850)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1801-06-30","death_date":"1850-12-24","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":4,"sitelinks":73,"hpi":70.12,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bastiat.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":409,"name":"Antony Hewish","wikidata":"Q189990","description":"English physicist and radio astronomer (1924–2021)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1924-05-11","death_date":"2021-09-13","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":73,"hpi":69.91,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/26.%20Tagung%201976%20Physiker%3B%20Gruppen%20beim%20Bayrischen%20Fr%C3%BChst%C3%BCck%20Antony%20Hewish%20-%20W134Nr.106841b%20-%20Willy%20Pragher.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":409,"name":"David J. Wineland","wikidata":"Q61045","description":"American physicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1944-02-24","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":73,"hpi":68.96,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/David%20Wineland%202008.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":409,"name":"Frank Wilczek","wikidata":"Q107450","description":"American theoretical physicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1951-05-15","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":73,"hpi":65.23,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Frank%20Wilczek.%2001.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":409,"name":"Dan Shechtman","wikidata":"Q44111","description":"Israeli scientist","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1941-01-24","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"Israel; United States","birth_country":"ISR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":73,"hpi":64.74,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nobel%20Prize%202011-Nobel%20interviews%20KVA-DSC%208049.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":409,"name":"Andrea M. Ghez","wikidata":"Q493956","description":"American astronomer","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1965-06-16","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":73,"hpi":63.93,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Andrea%20Ghez%20(cropped1).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":425,"name":"Johann Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet","wikidata":"Q29193","description":"German mathematician (1805–1859)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1805-02-13","death_date":"1859-05-05","country":null,"citizenship":null,"birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":72,"hpi":80.77,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Dirichlet.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":425,"name":"William Gilbert","wikidata":"Q192706","description":"English physician, physicist and natural philosopher (1544-1603)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1544-06-03","death_date":"1603-11-30","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of England","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":72,"hpi":80.32,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/William%20Gilbert.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":425,"name":"Philip W. Anderson","wikidata":"Q190770","description":"American physicist (1923-2020)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1923-12-13","death_date":"2020-03-29","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":72,"hpi":79.35,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Andersonphoto.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":425,"name":"Erik Erikson","wikidata":"Q58074","description":"American German-born psychoanalyst & essayist","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1902-06-15","death_date":"1994-05-12","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":72,"hpi":78.99,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Erik%20Erikson.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":425,"name":"Georg Bednorz","wikidata":"Q76687","description":"physicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1950-05-16","death_date":null,"country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":72,"hpi":76.58,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/8th%20Silesian%20Science%20Festival%2C%20Johannes%20Georg%20Bednorz%2C%20KsP%20709%2C%2009.12.2024.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":425,"name":"Urbain Le Verrier","wikidata":"Q104154","description":"French astronomer (1811-1877)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1811-03-11","death_date":"1877-09-23","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":72,"hpi":76.54,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Urbain%20Le%20Verrier.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":425,"name":"Adolf Butenandt","wikidata":"Q5327","description":"German biochemist (1903-1995)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1903-03-24","death_date":"1995-01-18","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":72,"hpi":76.38,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bad%20Schachen%20Portr%C3%A4t%3B%20Adolf%20Butenandt%20-%20W134Nr.020182c%20-%20Willy%20Pragher%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":425,"name":"Louis Néel","wikidata":"Q155781","description":"French physicist (1904-2000)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1904-11-22","death_date":"2000-11-17","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":72,"hpi":74.06,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Louis%20N%C3%A9el%201970b.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":425,"name":"Ragnar Frisch","wikidata":"Q187988","description":"Norwegian economist (1895–1973)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1895-03-03","death_date":"1973-01-31","country":"NOR","citizenship":"Norway","birth_country":"NOR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":72,"hpi":74.03,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Uio%20frisch%202006%200025.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":425,"name":"Katalin Karikó","wikidata":"Q88608397","description":"Hungarian biochemist","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1955-01-17","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Hungary","birth_country":"HUN","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":72,"hpi":71.31,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Katalin%20Karik%C3%B3%20at%20the%20United%20States%20Embassy%20Sweden%2C%202023%20Nobel%20Reception%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":425,"name":"Vera Rubin","wikidata":"Q234888","description":"American astronomer and physicist (1928-2016)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1928-07-23","death_date":"2016-12-25","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":72,"hpi":70.42,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Vera%20Rubin%20with%20antique%20globes.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":425,"name":"Alexander Dugin","wikidata":"Q438839","description":"Russian political activist and philosopher (born 1962)","occupation":"Political scientist","birth_date":"1962-01-07","death_date":null,"country":"RUS","citizenship":"Russia","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":72,"hpi":70.18,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Aleksandr%20Dugin%2013981126000.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":425,"name":"Andre Geim","wikidata":"Q104104","description":"Russian-born Dutch-British physicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1958-10-21","death_date":null,"country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":72,"hpi":67.32,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Andre%20Geim%202010-1.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":425,"name":"Konstantin Novoselov","wikidata":"Q106494","description":"Russian-British physicist known for graphene work","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1974-08-23","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"Russia; United Kingdom","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":72,"hpi":59.71,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Konstantin%20Novoselov%20portrait.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":443,"name":"Owen Chamberlain","wikidata":"Q183655","description":"American physicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1920-07-10","death_date":"2006-02-28","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":71,"hpi":74.94,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Owen%20Chamberlain.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":443,"name":"Hermann Staudinger","wikidata":"Q48956","description":"German chemist, winner of the 1953 Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1881–1965)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1881-03-23","death_date":"1965-09-08","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":71,"hpi":74.89,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hermann%20Staudinger.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":443,"name":"Jan Tinbergen","wikidata":"Q183181","description":"Dutch economist (1903–1994)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1903-04-12","death_date":"1994-06-09","country":"NLD","citizenship":"Kingdom of the Netherlands","birth_country":"NLD","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":71,"hpi":74.27,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jan%20Tinbergen%201982.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":443,"name":"Klaus von Klitzing","wikidata":"Q71024","description":"German physicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1943-06-28","death_date":null,"country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"POL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":71,"hpi":71.64,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Klaus%20von%20Klitzing%202015.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":443,"name":"Maurice Wilkins","wikidata":"Q184659","description":"New Zealand-born English physicist and biologist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1916-12-15","death_date":"2004-10-05","country":null,"citizenship":"New Zealand; United Kingdom","birth_country":"NZL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":71,"hpi":71.61,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Maurice%20Wilkins%20nobel.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":443,"name":"Willard Libby","wikidata":"Q190486","description":"American physical chemist","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1908-12-17","death_date":"1980-09-08","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":71,"hpi":71.09,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Willard%20Libby%20in%20Lab.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":443,"name":"Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard","wikidata":"Q77174","description":"German biologist (1995 Nobel Prize)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1942-10-20","death_date":null,"country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":71,"hpi":70.9,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Christiane%20N%C3%BCsslein-Volhard%20mg%204372%20cropped.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":443,"name":"Robert Hofstadter","wikidata":"Q130113","description":"American physicist and Nobel laureate (1915-1990)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1915-02-05","death_date":"1990-11-17","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":71,"hpi":70.69,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Robert%20Hofstadter.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":443,"name":"Claude Cohen-Tannoudji","wikidata":"Q190697","description":"French physicist (1933-)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1933-04-01","death_date":null,"country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"DZA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":71,"hpi":70.67,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/COHEN%20TANNOUDJI%20Claude-24x30-1999.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":443,"name":"Ivar Giæver","wikidata":"Q192688","description":"Norwegian-American physicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1929-04-05","death_date":"2025-06-20","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Norway","birth_country":"NOR","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":71,"hpi":69.8,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ivar%20Giaever%201973.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":443,"name":"Sydney Brenner","wikidata":"Q234463","description":"South African-British biologist, Nobel prize in Physiology or Medicine 2002 (1927–2019)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1927-01-13","death_date":"2019-04-05","country":null,"citizenship":"South Africa; United Kingdom","birth_country":"ZAF","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":71,"hpi":69.41,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sydney%20Brenner%20OIST%202008%20(33208371153)%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":443,"name":"Mario Molina","wikidata":"Q19045","description":"Mexican chemical engineer (1943–2020)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1943-03-19","death_date":"2020-10-07","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Mexico","birth_country":"MEX","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":71,"hpi":67.93,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Mario%20Molina%201c389%208387.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":443,"name":"Robert B. Laughlin","wikidata":"Q189997","description":"American physicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1950-11-01","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":71,"hpi":66.04,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Robert%20Laughlin%2C%20Stanford%20University.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":463,"name":"Ben Roy Mottelson","wikidata":"Q107423","description":"Danish-American nuclear physicist (1926–2022)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1926-07-09","death_date":"2022-05-13","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Denmark; United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":70,"hpi":76.12,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Mottelson%2CBen%201963%20Kopenhagen.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":463,"name":"Caroline Herschel","wikidata":"Q76948","description":"German-British astronomer (1750-1848)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1750-03-16","death_date":"1848-01-09","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Hanover","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":70,"hpi":75.21,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/1829%20Melchior%20Gommar%20Tieleman%2C%20%C3%96lgem%C3%A4lde%20Caroline%20Herschel%20Hannover.tif?width=320"}
{"rank":463,"name":"Joseph von Fraunhofer","wikidata":"Q43948","description":"Bavarian physicist and optical lens manufacturer","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1787-03-06","death_date":"1826-06-07","country":null,"citizenship":"Holy Roman Empire; Kingdom of Bavaria","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":70,"hpi":74.83,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Joseph%20v%20Fraunhofer.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":463,"name":"Wilhelm Reich","wikidata":"Q84412","description":"Austrian-American psychiatrist, psychoanalyst, sex educator and sociologist (1897–1957)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1897-03-24","death_date":"1957-11-03","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Austria; Poland; Germany","birth_country":"UKR","notable_works":4,"sitelinks":70,"hpi":74.7,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Wilhelm%20Reich.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":463,"name":"John Couch Adams","wikidata":"Q20015","description":"English mathematician and astronomer (1819–1892)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1819-06-05","death_date":"1892-01-21","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":70,"hpi":73.12,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/John%20Couch%20Adams.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":463,"name":"Polykarp Kusch","wikidata":"Q184571","description":"German-American physicist (1911-1993)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1911-01-26","death_date":"1993-03-20","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":70,"hpi":72.84,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Polykarp%20Kusch.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":463,"name":"Lars Onsager","wikidata":"Q107405","description":"American physical chemist and theoretical physicist (1903-1976)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1903-11-27","death_date":"1976-10-05","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of the Netherlands; United States; Norway","birth_country":"NOR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":70,"hpi":72.82,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Onsager%201968.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":463,"name":"Geoffrey Hinton","wikidata":"Q92894","description":"British-Canadian computer scientist and psychologist","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1947-12-06","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom; Canada","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":70,"hpi":69.89,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Geoffrey%20Hinton%20in%202026.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":463,"name":"Takaaki Kajita","wikidata":"Q11538917","description":"Japanese physicist and astronomer","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1959-03-09","death_date":null,"country":"JPN","citizenship":"Japan","birth_country":"JPN","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":70,"hpi":63.54,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Takaaki%20Kajita%20cropped%201%20Takaaki%20Kajita%20202010.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":463,"name":"Brian Schmidt","wikidata":"Q201452","description":"American-born Australian astrophysicist","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1967-02-24","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Australia","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":70,"hpi":58.35,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Brian%20Schmidt%20portrait%201.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":463,"name":"Esther Duflo","wikidata":"Q434509","description":"French-American economist (born 1972)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1972-10-25","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"France; United States","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":70,"hpi":58.04,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Esther%20Duflo%20-%20Pop!Tech%202009%20-%20001%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":487,"name":"Karl Alexander Müller","wikidata":"Q122298","description":"Swiss physicist (1927–2023)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1927-04-20","death_date":"2023-01-09","country":"CHE","citizenship":"Switzerland","birth_country":"CHE","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":69,"hpi":78.96,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Karl%20Alexander%20Mueller.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":487,"name":"Friedrich Wöhler","wikidata":"Q58575","description":"German chemist (1800-1882)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1800-07-31","death_date":"1882-09-23","country":null,"citizenship":"Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel; Kingdom of Prussia; Electorate of Hesse; German Empire","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":69,"hpi":78.43,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Friedrich%20W%C3%B6hler%20Litho.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":487,"name":"Nicolas Louis de Lacaille","wikidata":"Q202703","description":"French astronomer","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1713-03-15","death_date":"1762-03-21","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":69,"hpi":78.29,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Lacaille.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":533,"name":"Ruth Benedict","wikidata":"Q228822","description":"American anthropologist and folklorologist (1887-1948)","occupation":"Anthropologist","birth_date":"1887-06-05","death_date":"1948-09-17","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":67,"hpi":71.22,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ruth%20Benedict.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":533,"name":"Akira Suzuki","wikidata":"Q105949","description":"Japanese chemist (1930 - )","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1930-09-12","death_date":null,"country":"JPN","citizenship":"Japan","birth_country":"JPN","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":67,"hpi":70.85,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Akira%20Suzuki%2020111212.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":533,"name":"Pierre-Gilles de Gennes","wikidata":"Q187224","description":"French physicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1932-10-24","death_date":"2007-05-18","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":67,"hpi":69.57,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pierre-Gilles%20de%20Gennes.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":533,"name":"Karl Barry Sharpless","wikidata":"Q110925","description":"American chemist and Nobel Laureate (born 1941)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1941-04-28","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":67,"hpi":69.46,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Barry%20Sharpless%2002.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":567,"name":"Arthur B. McDonald","wikidata":"Q710597","description":"Canadian physicist (born 1943)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1943-08-29","death_date":null,"country":"CAN","citizenship":"Canada","birth_country":"CAN","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":66,"hpi":69.47,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Arthur%20B.%20McDonald%205139-2015.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":600,"name":"Jocelyn Bell Burnell","wikidata":"Q233974","description":"British astrophysicist (born 1943)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1943-07-15","death_date":null,"country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":65,"hpi":75.09,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jocelyn%20Bell%20Burnell%20in%20Manchester%202026.MP.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":714,"name":"Charles Lyell","wikidata":"Q5333","description":"British geologist (1797–1875)","occupation":"Geologist","birth_date":"1797-11-14","death_date":"1875-02-22","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":61,"hpi":71.72,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/PSM%20V01%20D242%20and%20V20%20D610%20Charles%20Lyell.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":714,"name":"Joseph Rotblat","wikidata":"Q219982","description":"Polish-born British-naturalised physicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1908-11-04","death_date":"2005-08-31","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom; Poland","birth_country":"POL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":61,"hpi":71.35,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Josef%20Rotblat%20ID%20badge.png?width=320"}
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{"rank":742,"name":"John Gurdon","wikidata":"Q81218","description":"British developmental biologist (1933–2025)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1933-10-02","death_date":"2025-10-07","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":60,"hpi":63.55,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/John%20Gurdon%20Cambridge%202012.JPG?width=320"}
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{"rank":783,"name":"Bernard Katz","wikidata":"Q4517","description":"German-British biophysicist (1911–2003)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1911-03-26","death_date":"2003-04-20","country":null,"citizenship":"Germany; United Kingdom","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":59,"hpi":68.57,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/37.%20Tagung%201987%20Mediziner%20Sir%20Bernard%20Katz%20-%20W134Nr.125421a1%20-%20Willy%20Pragher%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":783,"name":"Luis Federico Leloir","wikidata":"Q233985","description":"Argentine biochemist","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1906-09-06","death_date":"1987-12-02","country":null,"citizenship":"Argentina; France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":59,"hpi":67.97,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Luis%20Federico%20Leloir%20-%20young.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":816,"name":"Al-Battani","wikidata":"Q11079","description":"Islamic astronomer and mathematician (died 929)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"0858","death_date":"0930","country":null,"citizenship":null,"birth_country":"TUR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":58,"hpi":76.82,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Albategnius.jpeg?width=320"}
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{"rank":816,"name":"Jean-Pierre Sauvage","wikidata":"Q3169751","description":"French nanotechnologist","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1944-10-21","death_date":null,"country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":58,"hpi":74.92,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jean-Pierre%20Sauvage.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":816,"name":"Richard Laurence Millington Synge","wikidata":"Q48979","description":"British biochemist (1914–1994)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1914-10-28","death_date":"1994-08-18","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":58,"hpi":74.1,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Richard%20Laurence%20Millington%20Synge.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":816,"name":"William E. Moerner","wikidata":"Q1387059","description":"Nobel prize winning American chemical physicist","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1953-06-24","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":58,"hpi":72.38,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/WE%20Moerner.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":816,"name":"Adrien-Marie Legendre","wikidata":"Q191021","description":"French mathematician (1752–1833)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1752-09-18","death_date":"1833-01-09","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":17,"sitelinks":58,"hpi":72.07,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Legendre.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":816,"name":"Jules A. Hoffmann","wikidata":"Q105605","description":"French biologist","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1941-08-02","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"France; Luxembourg","birth_country":"LUX","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":58,"hpi":71.62,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nobel%20Prize%202011-Press%20Conference%20KI-DSC%207584.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":850,"name":"Albert Claude","wikidata":"Q233943","description":"Belgian-American cell biologist (1899–1983)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1898-08-24","death_date":"1983-05-22","country":null,"citizenship":"Belgium; United States","birth_country":"BEL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":57,"hpi":74.29,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Albert%20Claude%201974.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":850,"name":"Edward Emerson Barnard","wikidata":"Q204999","description":"American astronomer and astronomical photographer (1857-1923)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1857-12-16","death_date":"1923-02-06","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":57,"hpi":70.64,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/EdwardEmersonBarnard.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":882,"name":"Roald Hoffmann","wikidata":"Q273279","description":"Polish-American Nobel laureate chemist and playwright","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1937-07-18","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"UKR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":56,"hpi":69.16,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Roald%20Hoffmann.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":924,"name":"Élisée Reclus","wikidata":"Q20951","description":"French geographer and writer (1830–1905)","occupation":"Geographer","birth_date":"1830-03-15","death_date":"1905-07-04","country":null,"citizenship":"France; Belgium","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":55,"hpi":67.71,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/%C3%89lis%C3%A9e%20Reclus%2C%20photo%20par%20Nadar%2C%201889.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":924,"name":"Ferenc Krausz","wikidata":"Q86970","description":"Austrian-Hungarian laser physicist and university teacher (born 1962)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1962-05-17","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"Hungary; Austria","birth_country":"HUN","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":55,"hpi":61.82,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ferenc%20Krausz%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":976,"name":"Georg Wittig","wikidata":"Q77171","description":"German chemist (1979 Nobel Prize)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1897-06-16","death_date":"1987-08-26","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":54,"hpi":71.26,"image":null}
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{"rank":1056,"name":"Greg Winter","wikidata":"Q1545000","description":"British biochemist (born 1951)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1951-04-14","death_date":null,"country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":52,"hpi":72.7,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gregory%20Winter%2C%202016%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1056,"name":"Feodor Lynen","wikidata":"Q44597","description":"German biochemist, Nobel Laureate (1911–1979)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1911-04-06","death_date":"1979-08-06","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":52,"hpi":71.36,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Feodor%20Lynen%20with%20pipette.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1056,"name":"Benedict Anderson","wikidata":"Q212993","description":"American political scientist (1936-2015)","occupation":"Political scientist","birth_date":"1936-08-26","death_date":"2015-12-13","country":"IRL","citizenship":"Ireland","birth_country":"CHN","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":52,"hpi":69.9,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ben%20Anderson.png?width=320"}
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{"rank":1056,"name":"Birutė Galdikas","wikidata":"Q242680","description":"Lithuanian-Canadian primatologist conservationist (1946–2026)","occupation":"Anthropologist","birth_date":"1946-05-10","death_date":"2026-03-24","country":"CAN","citizenship":"Canada","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":52,"hpi":68.91,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Dr%20Birute%20Galdikas.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1056,"name":"Syukuro Manabe","wikidata":"Q3675789","description":"Japanese-American meteorologist and climatologist (1931–)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1931-09-21","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Japan","birth_country":"JPN","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":52,"hpi":68.21,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Crafoord%20Prize%20EM1B0732%20(42329290061).jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1056,"name":"Andrew S. Tanenbaum","wikidata":"Q92621","description":"American-Dutch computer scientist","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1944-03-16","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":52,"hpi":67.79,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/AndrewTanenbaum2.png?width=320"}
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{"rank":1056,"name":"Gary Ruvkun","wikidata":"Q504021","description":"American geneticist","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1952-03-26","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":52,"hpi":62.06,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gary%20Ruvkun%2C%202024%20Nobel%20Prize%20Laureate%20in%20Medicine.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1095,"name":"Pierre Janssen","wikidata":"Q298581","description":"French astronomer (1824-1907)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1824-02-22","death_date":"1907-12-23","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":51,"hpi":70.21,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jules%20Janssen%203.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1095,"name":"Hartmut Michel","wikidata":"Q77086","description":"German biochemist (1988 Nobel Prize)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1948-07-18","death_date":null,"country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":51,"hpi":68.68,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/22%20MPI%20BP%20Hartmut%20Michel%20221028%20quadrat.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1095,"name":"Bengt Holmström","wikidata":"Q354897","description":"Finnish economist and Nobel laureate","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1949-04-18","death_date":null,"country":"FIN","citizenship":"Finland","birth_country":"FIN","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":51,"hpi":67.33,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bengt%20Holmstr%C3%B6m.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1095,"name":"Bert Sakmann","wikidata":"Q77081","description":"German biologist and physician (1991 Nobel Prize)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1942-06-12","death_date":null,"country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":51,"hpi":66.19,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sakmann.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1095,"name":"Eugene Fama","wikidata":"Q359317","description":"American economist and Nobel laureate in Economics","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1939-02-14","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":51,"hpi":65.95,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Eugene%20Fama%20at%20Nobel%20Prize%2C%202013.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1095,"name":"Harold E. Varmus","wikidata":"Q295691","description":"American scientist","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1939-12-18","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":51,"hpi":61.95,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/HEVarmus.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1095,"name":"Brian Greene","wikidata":"Q60815","description":"American physicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1963-02-09","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":51,"hpi":56.08,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Brian%20Greene%2C%20February%2028%2C%202014%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1136,"name":"Manuel Castells","wikidata":"Q310161","description":"Spanish sociologist","occupation":"Sociologist","birth_date":"1942-02-09","death_date":null,"country":"ESP","citizenship":"Spain","birth_country":"ESP","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":50,"hpi":70.08,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Manuel%20Castells%202020%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1136,"name":"David Bohm","wikidata":"Q310765","description":"American theoretical physicist (1917-1992)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1917-12-20","death_date":"1992-10-27","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; United Kingdom; Brazil","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":50,"hpi":69.83,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/David%20Bohm.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1136,"name":"Clifford Geertz","wikidata":"Q310956","description":"American anthropologist","occupation":"Anthropologist","birth_date":"1926-08-23","death_date":"2006-10-30","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":50,"hpi":69.27,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Photo%20of%20Clifford%20Geertz%20on%20dust%20jacket%20of%20The%20Interpretation%20of%20Cultures.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1136,"name":"Aurel Stein","wikidata":"Q313061","description":"Hungarian-British archaeologist (1862-1943)","occupation":"Archaeologist","birth_date":"1862-11-26","death_date":"1943-10-26","country":null,"citizenship":"Hungary; United Kingdom","birth_country":"HUN","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":50,"hpi":67.93,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Aurel%20Stein%201909.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1136,"name":"Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker","wikidata":"Q65350","description":"German physicist (1912–2007)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1912-06-28","death_date":"2007-04-28","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":50,"hpi":67.73,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Carl%20Friedrich%20von%20Weizsaecker.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1136,"name":"Vladimir Bekhterev","wikidata":"Q221723","description":"Russian neurologist","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1857-02-01","death_date":"1927-12-24","country":null,"citizenship":"Soviet Union; Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic; Russian Empire","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":50,"hpi":66.03,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bexterev1912.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1136,"name":"Subhash Kak","wikidata":"Q92830","description":"Indian computer scientist","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1947-03-26","death_date":null,"country":"IND","citizenship":"India","birth_country":null,"notable_works":0,"sitelinks":50,"hpi":57.56,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Subhash%20Kak%20at%20Single%20Photon%20Workshop%2C%20Geneva%2C%20July%202015.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1176,"name":"Martin Heinrich Klaproth","wikidata":"Q160196","description":"German chemist (1743-1817)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1743-12-01","death_date":"1817-01-01","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":49,"hpi":71.51,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Martin%20Heinrich%20Klaproth.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1176,"name":"Eric F. Wieschaus","wikidata":"Q301438","description":"American geneticist","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1947-06-08","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":49,"hpi":66.15,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Eric%20F.%20Wieschaus.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1176,"name":"Michael E. Brown","wikidata":"Q298913","description":"American planetary astronomer","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1965-06-05","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":49,"hpi":57.89,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Michael%20E%20Brown%201.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1195,"name":"Niklas Luhmann","wikidata":"Q57238","description":"German sociologist, administration expert, and social systems theorist (1927-1998)","occupation":"Sociologist","birth_date":"1927-12-08","death_date":"1998-11-06","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":48,"hpi":70.91,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/HSGH%20022-000941%20Niklas%20Luhmann%20(cropped).png?width=320"}
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{"rank":1195,"name":"C. P. Snow","wikidata":"Q333575","description":"English novelist and physical chemist (1905–1980)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1905-10-15","death_date":"1980-07-01","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":48,"hpi":69.73,"image":null}
{"rank":1195,"name":"Mikhail Ostrogradsky","wikidata":"Q355892","description":"Ukrainian mathematician (1801–1861)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1801-09-24","death_date":"1862-01-01","country":null,"citizenship":"Russian Empire","birth_country":"UKR","notable_works":4,"sitelinks":48,"hpi":69.33,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/PGRS%202%20069%20Ostrogradski%20-%20crop.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1195,"name":"Johann Elert Bode","wikidata":"Q76966","description":"Prusian astronomer (1747–1826)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1747-01-19","death_date":"1826-11-23","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":48,"hpi":68.39,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Johann%20Elert%20Bode.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1195,"name":"Camille Jordan","wikidata":"Q310755","description":"French mathematician (1838-1922)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1838-01-05","death_date":"1922-01-22","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":15,"sitelinks":48,"hpi":67.67,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Camille%20Jordan%204.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1195,"name":"Tony Hoare","wikidata":"Q92602","description":"British computer scientist","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1934-01-11","death_date":"2026-03-05","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"LKA","notable_works":4,"sitelinks":48,"hpi":64.52,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sir%20Tony%20Hoare%20IMG%205125.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1225,"name":"Johann Franz Encke","wikidata":"Q57294","description":"German astronomer (1791–1865)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1791-09-23","death_date":"1865-08-26","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":47,"hpi":70.85,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Johann%20Franz%20Encke.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1225,"name":"Sylvia A. Earle","wikidata":"Q439046","description":"American oceanographer","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1935-08-30","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":47,"hpi":69.82,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/SylviaEarle.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1225,"name":"Wang Anshi","wikidata":"Q319618","description":"Song Dynasty chancellor and poet (1021-1086)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1021-12-14","death_date":"1086-05-27","country":null,"citizenship":"Song dynasty; Northern Song dynasty","birth_country":"CHN","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":47,"hpi":69.81,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/%E6%AD%B7%E4%BB%A3%E8%81%96%E8%B3%A2%E5%90%8D%E4%BA%BA%E5%83%8F-29-%E5%AE%8B%E4%B8%9E%E7%9B%B8%E7%8E%8B%E8%8D%86%E5%85%AC%E5%AE%89%E7%9F%B3.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1225,"name":"Lars Ahlfors","wikidata":"Q211642","description":"Finnish mathematician (1907-1996)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1907-04-18","death_date":"1996-10-11","country":null,"citizenship":"Finland; United States","birth_country":"FIN","notable_works":6,"sitelinks":47,"hpi":69.05,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Lars%20Ahlfors%20-%20MFO.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1225,"name":"André Weil","wikidata":"Q323232","description":"French mathematician (1906-1998)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1906-05-06","death_date":"1998-08-06","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":22,"sitelinks":47,"hpi":67.28,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Andr%C3%A9%20Weil%2C%201968%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1225,"name":"Joseph L. Goldstein","wikidata":"Q271424","description":"American biochemist","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1940-04-18","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":47,"hpi":66.75,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Joe%20Goldstein.JPG?width=320"}
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{"rank":1225,"name":"William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse","wikidata":"Q310121","description":"Anglo-Irish astronomer (1800-1867)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1800-06-17","death_date":"1867-10-31","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; Kingdom of Great Britain","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":47,"hpi":65.61,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/William%20Parsons%2C%203rd%20Earl%20of%20Rosse%20by%20Maull%20and%20Polyblank%20crop.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1225,"name":"Peter Diamond","wikidata":"Q109570","description":"Nobel prize in economics winner","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1940-04-29","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":47,"hpi":65.55,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Peter%20Diamond%20(economist).jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1225,"name":"Mary Douglas","wikidata":"Q231349","description":"British anthropologist (1921–2007)","occupation":"Anthropologist","birth_date":"1921-03-25","death_date":"2007-05-16","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"ITA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":47,"hpi":64.89,"image":null}
{"rank":1225,"name":"Simon Newcomb","wikidata":"Q164401","description":"American astronomer (1835–1909)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1835-03-12","death_date":"1909-07-11","country":null,"citizenship":"Canada; United States","birth_country":"CAN","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":47,"hpi":64.67,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Simon%20Newcomb%2001.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1225,"name":"Michael Rosbash","wikidata":"Q1297741","description":"American geneticist and chronobiologist","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1944-03-07","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":47,"hpi":64.08,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Michael%20Rosbash%2C%202017%20Nobel%20Laureate%20in%20Medicine%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1225,"name":"Michael W. Young","wikidata":"Q1929672","description":"American geneticist, chronobiologist","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1949-03-28","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":47,"hpi":64.05,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Michael%20W.%20Young%20D81%204345%20(38162439194).jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1225,"name":"Paul Milgrom","wikidata":"Q1359990","description":"American economist","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1948-04-20","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":47,"hpi":61.41,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Paul%20Milgrom%20Headshot.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1225,"name":"Brian Kernighan","wikidata":"Q92608","description":"Canadian computer scientist, co-inventor of the Unix operating system","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1942-01-01","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Canada","birth_country":"CAN","notable_works":4,"sitelinks":47,"hpi":61.2,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Brian%20Kernighan%20in%202012%20at%20Bell%20Labs%201.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1225,"name":"William Kingdon Clifford","wikidata":"Q323228","description":"English mathematician and philosopher","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1845-05-04","death_date":"1879-03-03","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":10,"sitelinks":47,"hpi":60.54,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/W.%20Kingdon%20Clifford.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1258,"name":"Hans Christian Gram","wikidata":"Q310005","description":"Danish scientist (1853-1938)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1853-09-13","death_date":"1938-11-14","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Denmark","birth_country":"DNK","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":46,"hpi":69.56,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hans%20Christian%20Gram%20portrait%20by%20Hansen%20%26%20Weller.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1258,"name":"Joachim Frank","wikidata":"Q28833112","description":"German-born American biophysicist and Nobel laureate","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1940-09-12","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":46,"hpi":68.69,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Joachim%20Frank%20EM1B8792%20(27115577469).jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1258,"name":"Irving Fisher","wikidata":"Q312739","description":"American economist and statistician (1867–1947)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1867-02-27","death_date":"1947-04-29","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":46,"hpi":68.32,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Irvingfisher.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1258,"name":"Yuri Oganessian","wikidata":"Q1144326","description":"Russian nuclear physicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1933-04-14","death_date":null,"country":"RUS","citizenship":"Russia","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":46,"hpi":67.54,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Yuri%20Oganessian.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1258,"name":"Richard Roberts","wikidata":"Q309816","description":"English biochemist and molecular biologist","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1943-09-06","death_date":null,"country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":46,"hpi":66.22,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Roberts%2C%20Richard%20John%20(1943).jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1258,"name":"Nicholas Miklouho-Maclay","wikidata":"Q312499","description":"Russian explorer and scientist","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1846-07-17","death_date":"1888-04-14","country":null,"citizenship":"Russian Empire","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":46,"hpi":64.89,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nicholas%20Miklouho-Maclay%201876.png?width=320"}
{"rank":1258,"name":"Morten P. Meldal","wikidata":"Q6914509","description":"Danish chemist (born 1954)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1954-01-16","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Denmark","birth_country":"DNK","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":46,"hpi":63.71,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/MortenMeldal23.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1258,"name":"Rasmus Lerdorf","wikidata":"Q92768","description":"Danish programmer and creator of PHP","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1968-11-22","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Denmark","birth_country":"GRL","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":46,"hpi":57.01,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Rasmus%20Lerdorf%20August%202014%20(cropped).JPG?width=320"}
{"rank":1258,"name":"David Suzuki","wikidata":"Q354534","description":"Canadian popular scientist and environmental activist","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1936-03-24","death_date":null,"country":"CAN","citizenship":"Canada","birth_country":"CAN","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":46,"hpi":56.67,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Right%20Livelihood%20Award%202009-press%20conference-6.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1258,"name":"Bill Nye","wikidata":"Q2619019","description":"American science educator, comedian, television host, actor, writer, scientist and mechanical engineer","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1955-11-27","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":46,"hpi":54.24,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bill%20Nye%202017.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1290,"name":"Louis Pierre Vieillot","wikidata":"Q358217","description":"French ornithologist","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1748-05-10","death_date":"1830-08-24","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":45,"hpi":75.9,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Louis-Pierre%20Vieillot.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1290,"name":"John Law","wikidata":"Q312694","description":"Scottish economist and banker (1671-1729)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1671-04-21","death_date":"1729-03-21","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Great Britain; Kingdom of Scotland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":45,"hpi":75.44,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/John%20Law.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1290,"name":"Johann Rudolf Glauber","wikidata":"Q57330","description":"German-Dutch alchemist (1604-1670)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1604-03-10","death_date":"1670-03-16","country":null,"citizenship":"Prince-Bishopric of Würzburg","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":45,"hpi":71.76,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Glauber.png?width=320"}
{"rank":1290,"name":"Friedrich Mohs","wikidata":"Q30572","description":"German geologist and mineralogist (1773-1839)","occupation":"Geologist","birth_date":"1773-01-29","death_date":"1839-09-29","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":45,"hpi":71.59,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/FriedrichMohs.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1290,"name":"Hippocrates of Chios","wikidata":"Q312629","description":"5th-century BC Greek mathematician and astronomer","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"-469","death_date":"-409","country":null,"citizenship":null,"birth_country":"GRC","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":45,"hpi":70.74,"image":null}
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{"rank":1290,"name":"Benjamin Thompson","wikidata":"Q44645","description":"American-born British physicist and inventor (1753–1814)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1753-03-26","death_date":"1814-08-21","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":45,"hpi":69.72,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Benjamin%20Thompson.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1290,"name":"Margaret Burbidge","wikidata":"Q235712","description":"British-born American astronomer (1919–2020)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1919-08-12","death_date":"2020-04-05","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom; United States","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":45,"hpi":65.31,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Margaret-burbidge.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1290,"name":"Alan Perlis","wikidata":"Q62861","description":"American computer scientist (1922–1990)","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1922-04-01","death_date":"1990-02-07","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":45,"hpi":61.68,"image":null}
{"rank":1290,"name":"Gerd Faltings","wikidata":"Q77137","description":"German mathematician","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1954-07-28","death_date":null,"country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":45,"hpi":61.33,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gerd%20Faltings%20MFO.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1321,"name":"Ludolph van Ceulen","wikidata":"Q310771","description":"German-Dutch mathematician (*1540 – †1610)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1540-02-07","death_date":"1610-12-31","country":null,"citizenship":null,"birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":74.79,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Portret%20van%20Ludolph%20van%20Ceulen%2C%20RP-P-OB-15.347.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1321,"name":"Thomas Harriot","wikidata":"Q315402","description":"British scientist (*~1560 – †1621)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1560","death_date":"1621-07-02","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of England","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":73.03,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/ThomasHarriot.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1321,"name":"Jerome Bruner","wikidata":"Q114867","description":"American psychologist and scholar","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1915-10-01","death_date":"2016-06-05","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":71.83,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Photo%20of%20Jerome%20S.%20Bruner%20published%20in%20Technology%20Review%20(1961).jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1321,"name":"Wolfgang Köhler","wikidata":"Q213672","description":"German-American psychologist and phenomenologist (1887-1967)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1887-01-21","death_date":"1967-06-11","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Germany","birth_country":"EST","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":70.89,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Wolfgang%20K%C3%B6hler.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1321,"name":"Jean-Baptiste Dumas","wikidata":"Q164824","description":"French chemist (1800–1884)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1800-07-14","death_date":"1884-04-11","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":69.64,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jean%20Baptiste%20Andr%C3%A9%20Dumas.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1321,"name":"Karl Ludwig Harding","wikidata":"Q77052","description":"German astronomer (1765-1834)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1765-09-29","death_date":"1834-08-31","country":null,"citizenship":"Electorate of Hanover; Kingdom of Hanover","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":69.4,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Karl%20Ludwig%20Harding.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1321,"name":"Varāhamihira","wikidata":"Q858348","description":"6th-century Hindu polymath, author of Brihat samhita","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"0505","death_date":"0587","country":null,"citizenship":null,"birth_country":"IND","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":68.85,"image":null}
{"rank":1321,"name":"Angelo Secchi","wikidata":"Q312416","description":"Italian astronomer","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1818-06-18","death_date":"1878-02-26","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Italy","birth_country":"ITA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":68.77,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Angelo%20Secchi.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1321,"name":"Edward Charles Pickering","wikidata":"Q156896","description":"American astronomer (1846–1919)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1846-07-19","death_date":"1919-02-03","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":68.48,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Edward%20Charles%20Pickering.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1321,"name":"Edward Norton Lorenz","wikidata":"Q174808","description":"American mathematician and meteorologist (1917–2008)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1917-05-23","death_date":"2008-04-16","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":4,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":68.25,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/EdwardLorenz.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1321,"name":"Abdul Qadeer Khan","wikidata":"Q310773","description":"Pakistani nuclear engineer (1936–2021)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1936-04-01","death_date":"2021-10-10","country":null,"citizenship":"Pakistan; India","birth_country":"IND","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":67.9,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Abdul%20Qadeer%20Khan.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1321,"name":"Mária Telkes","wikidata":"Q7415","description":"Hungarian–American scientist and inventor (1900–1995)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1900-12-12","death_date":"1995-12-02","country":null,"citizenship":"Hungary; United States","birth_country":"HUN","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":67.44,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Maria%20Telkes%20NYWTS.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1321,"name":"Anna Atkins","wikidata":"Q264269","description":"English botanist and photographer (1799-1871)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1799-03-16","death_date":"1871-06-09","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":67.21,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Anna%20Atkins%201861.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1321,"name":"Élie Cartan","wikidata":"Q274639","description":"French mathematician (1869–1951)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1869-04-09","death_date":"1951-05-06","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":19,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":67.04,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/%C3%89lie%20Cartan.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1321,"name":"Friedrich von Wieser","wikidata":"Q84482","description":"Austrian economist (1851-1926)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1851-07-10","death_date":"1926-07-22","country":"AUT","citizenship":"Austria","birth_country":"AUT","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":66.92,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/1wieser.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1321,"name":"Thomas Graham","wikidata":"Q333762","description":"British chemist (1805–1869)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1805-12-20","death_date":"1869-09-11","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":66.44,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Thomas%20Graham.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1321,"name":"Michel Chasles","wikidata":"Q318067","description":"French mathematician (1793–1880)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1793-11-15","death_date":"1880-12-18","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":66.41,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Michel%20Chasles.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1321,"name":"Zhou Youguang","wikidata":"Q591407","description":"Chinese linguist, sinologist (1906–2017)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1906-01-13","death_date":"2017-01-14","country":"CHN","citizenship":"People's Republic of China","birth_country":"CHN","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":66.07,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Zhou%20Youguang%201920s.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1321,"name":"Karl Wilhelm Reinmuth","wikidata":"Q77026","description":"German astronomer (1892–1979)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1892-04-04","death_date":"1979-05-06","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":65.99,"image":null}
{"rank":1321,"name":"Kazimierz Kuratowski","wikidata":"Q161846","description":"Polish mathematician (1896–1980)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1896-02-02","death_date":"1980-06-18","country":"POL","citizenship":"Poland","birth_country":"POL","notable_works":11,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":65.74,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Kazimierz%20Kuratowski.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1321,"name":"Flinders Petrie","wikidata":"Q220130","description":"British Egyptologist (1853–1942)","occupation":"Archaeologist","birth_date":"1853-06-03","death_date":"1942-07-28","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":65.1,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Flinders%20Petrie.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1321,"name":"Henry Draper","wikidata":"Q125515","description":"American physician and astronomer (1837–1882)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1837-03-07","death_date":"1882-11-20","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":64.72,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Henry%20Draper2.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1321,"name":"Stuart Hall","wikidata":"Q450741","description":"Jamaican-born British sociologist and cultural theorist","occupation":"Sociologist","birth_date":"1932-02-03","death_date":"2014-02-10","country":null,"citizenship":"Jamaica; United Kingdom","birth_country":"JAM","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":64.71,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hall%20Stuart.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1321,"name":"Karl Guthe Jansky","wikidata":"Q319212","description":"American physicist and radio engineer","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1905-10-22","death_date":"1950-02-14","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":64.61,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Karl%20Jansky.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1321,"name":"Norman Lockyer","wikidata":"Q127959","description":"English scientist and astronomer (1836–1920)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1836-05-17","death_date":"1920-08-16","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":64.49,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Lockyer-Norman.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1321,"name":"Hans-Hermann Hoppe","wikidata":"Q76688","description":"Austrian school economist and libertarian anarcho-capitalist philosopher","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1949-09-02","death_date":null,"country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":4,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":64.49,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hans-Hermann%20Hoppe%202024%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1321,"name":"Peter Naur","wikidata":"Q92618","description":"Danish computer scientist (1928–2016) and Turing Award winner (2005); author of 'Programming as Theory Building' (1985); co-editor of the 1968 NATO Software Engineering Conference report","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1928-10-25","death_date":"2016-01-03","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Denmark","birth_country":"DNK","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":64.18,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Peternaur.JPG?width=320"}
{"rank":1321,"name":"Alain Connes","wikidata":"Q313590","description":"French mathematician","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1947-04-01","death_date":null,"country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":64.08,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Alain%20Connes%2C%202012%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1321,"name":"Robert B. Wilson","wikidata":"Q377265","description":"American economist and Nobel laureate","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1937-05-16","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":63.54,"image":null}
{"rank":1321,"name":"Craig Venter","wikidata":"Q311003","description":"American biotechnologist and businessman (1946–2026)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1946-10-14","death_date":"2026-04-29","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":62.82,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Craigventer2.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1321,"name":"Joan Robinson","wikidata":"Q234793","description":"English economist (1903–1983)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1903-10-31","death_date":"1983-08-05","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":61.95,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Joan%20Robinson%20(1973).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1321,"name":"Leslie Lamport","wikidata":"Q92613","description":"American computer scientist","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1941-02-07","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":5,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":61.71,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Leslie%20Lamport.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1321,"name":"Leonard Susskind","wikidata":"Q203243","description":"American physicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1940-05-20","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":61.68,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LeonardSusskindStanfordNov2013.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1321,"name":"Sergey Vavilov","wikidata":"Q324968","description":"Soviet physicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1891-03-24","death_date":"1951-01-25","country":null,"citizenship":"Soviet Union; Russian Empire; Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":60.75,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sergey%20Vavilov%201946.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1321,"name":"Francis Collins","wikidata":"Q336658","description":"American geneticist and director of the National Institutes of Health","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1950-04-14","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":57.22,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Francis%20Colloins%20in%202026%2001.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1321,"name":"Moungi Bawendi","wikidata":"Q15433043","description":"American chemist of French and Tunisian descent","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1961-03-15","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"Tunisia; United States; France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":57.05,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/US%20Embassy%20Sweden%202023%20Nobel%20Reception%20(53390424864)%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1321,"name":"Randy Pausch","wikidata":"Q49828","description":"American professor of computer science, human-computer interaction and design","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1960-10-23","death_date":"2008-07-25","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":52.2,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/RandyPausch%20Wiki%202.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1321,"name":"Bassel Khartabil","wikidata":"Q982696","description":"free culture and democracy activist, Syrian political prisoner","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1981-05-22","death_date":"2015","country":null,"citizenship":"Palestine; Syria","birth_country":"SYR","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":51.93,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bassel%20Khartabil%20(Safadi).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1321,"name":"John Michael Jumper","wikidata":"Q89620738","description":"American chemist and AI expert","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1985-01-01","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":44,"hpi":45.74,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/John%20Jumper%2C%202024%20Nobel%20Prize%20Laureate%20in%20Chemistry%207%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1374,"name":"Marie Bonaparte","wikidata":"Q115472","description":"French author and psychoanalyst (1882-1962)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1882-07-02","death_date":"1962-09-21","country":null,"citizenship":"Greece; France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":43,"hpi":73.08,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Marie%20Bonaparte%201907.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1374,"name":"Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk","wikidata":"Q311535","description":"Austrian economist (1851-1914)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1851-02-12","death_date":"1914-08-27","country":null,"citizenship":"Austria–Hungary","birth_country":"CZE","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":43,"hpi":73.06,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Eugen%20von%20B%C3%B6hm-Bawerk%201896%20Portrait%20cropped.png?width=320"}
{"rank":1374,"name":"René Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur","wikidata":"Q310779","description":"French scientist","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1683-02-28","death_date":"1757-10-17","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":43,"hpi":72.84,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ren%C3%A9-Antoine%20Ferchault%20de%20R%C3%A9aumur.%20Line%20engraving%20by%20P.%20Simm%20Wellcome%20V0004955.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1374,"name":"William Oughtred","wikidata":"Q311491","description":"English mathematician and Anglican minister (1574–1660)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1574-03-15","death_date":"1660-06-13","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of England","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":43,"hpi":71.03,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Wenceslas%20Hollar%20-%20William%20Oughtred.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1374,"name":"Annibale de Gasparis","wikidata":"Q110709","description":"Italian astronomer (1819–1892)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1819-11-09","death_date":"1892-03-21","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of the Two Sicilies; Kingdom of Italy","birth_country":"ITA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":43,"hpi":70.6,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ritratto%20di%20Annibale%20de%20Gasparis.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1374,"name":"Ulisse Aldrovandi","wikidata":"Q321358","description":"Italian naturalist (1522-1605)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1522-09-21","death_date":"1605-05-04","country":null,"citizenship":"Papal States","birth_country":"ITA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":43,"hpi":70.54,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ulysse%20Aldrovandi.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1374,"name":"Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg","wikidata":"Q76549","description":"German biologist (1795–1876)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1795-04-19","death_date":"1876-06-27","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":43,"hpi":70.42,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ehrenberg%2C%20Christian%20Gottfried%2C%20by%20Eduard%20Radke.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1374,"name":"Georg Joachim Rheticus","wikidata":"Q93588","description":"Austrian physician, astronomer and mathematician (1514-1574)","occupation":"Geographer","birth_date":"1514-02-26","death_date":"1574-12-14","country":null,"citizenship":"Holy Roman Empire","birth_country":"AUT","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":43,"hpi":70.31,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Narratio%20prima.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1374,"name":"August Wilhelm von Hofmann","wikidata":"Q76360","description":"German chemist (1818–1892)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1818-04-08","death_date":"1892-05-05","country":null,"citizenship":"Grand Duchy of Hesse","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":43,"hpi":68.38,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/August%20W%20Hofmann.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1374,"name":"Mathurin Jacques Brisson","wikidata":"Q299547","description":"French zoologist and natural philosopher","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1723-04-30","death_date":"1806-06-23","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":43,"hpi":67.92,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Brisson%20Mathurin%20Jacques%201723-1806.png?width=320"}
{"rank":1374,"name":"Alcide d'Orbigny","wikidata":"Q344661","description":"French scientist (1802–1857)","occupation":"Archaeologist","birth_date":"1802-09-06","death_date":"1857-06-30","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":43,"hpi":67.84,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Alcide%20Dessalines%20d'Orbigny%201802.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1374,"name":"John Louis Emil Dreyer","wikidata":"Q265015","description":"Danish-Irish astronomer","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1852-02-13","death_date":"1926-09-14","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom; Ireland; Kingdom of Denmark","birth_country":"DNK","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":43,"hpi":67.78,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/John%20Dreyer.gif?width=320"}
{"rank":1374,"name":"Ralf Dahrendorf","wikidata":"Q76959","description":"German-British sociologist, politician (1929–2009)","occupation":"Political scientist","birth_date":"1929-05-01","death_date":"2009-06-17","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom; Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":43,"hpi":67.67,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Professor%20R.%20G%20Dahrendorf%2C%201980.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1374,"name":"Piet Hein","wikidata":"Q359592","description":"20th-century Danish mathematician, inventor, designer, writer and poet (1905–1996)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1905-12-16","death_date":"1996-04-17","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Denmark","birth_country":"DNK","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":43,"hpi":67.07,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Piet%20Hein%20and%20H.C.%20Andersen%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1374,"name":"Tullio Levi-Civita","wikidata":"Q353438","description":"Italian mathematician and physicist (1873–1941)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1873-03-29","death_date":"1941-12-29","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Italy","birth_country":"ITA","notable_works":7,"sitelinks":43,"hpi":66.87,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Levi-civita.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1374,"name":"G. Stanley Hall","wikidata":"Q309675","description":"American psychologist and educator (1844–1924)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1844-02-01","death_date":"1924-04-24","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":43,"hpi":66.81,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/G.%20Stanley%20Hall.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1374,"name":"Anatoly Fomenko","wikidata":"Q158465","description":"Russian mathematician","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1945-03-13","death_date":null,"country":"RUS","citizenship":"Russia","birth_country":"UKR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":43,"hpi":66.2,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/2012.%20%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9%20%D0%A4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1374,"name":"Alice Augusta Ball","wikidata":"Q16059113","description":"African American chemist (1892–1916)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1892-07-24","death_date":"1916-12-31","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":43,"hpi":62.23,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Alice%20Augusta%20Ball.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1374,"name":"Stephen Wolfram","wikidata":"Q310798","description":"British-American scientist and businessman (born 1959)","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1959-08-29","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom; United States","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":43,"hpi":57.93,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Stephen%20Wolfram%20PR.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1374,"name":"Alexandra Elbakyan","wikidata":"Q21996568","description":"Kazakh computer scientist and founder of Sci-Hub","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1988-11-06","death_date":null,"country":"KAZ","citizenship":"Kazakhstan","birth_country":"KAZ","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":43,"hpi":47.21,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Alexandra%20Elbakyan%20at%20Sochi%20in%202021%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1425,"name":"al-Yaʿqubi","wikidata":"Q293689","description":"9th-century Arab geographer and historian","occupation":"Geographer","birth_date":"0801","death_date":"0905","country":null,"citizenship":"Abbasid Caliphate","birth_country":"IRQ","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":42,"hpi":71.21,"image":null}
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{"rank":1425,"name":"Jan Swammerdam","wikidata":"Q336794","description":"Dutch entomologist and beekeeper (1637-1680)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1637-02-12","death_date":"1680-02-17","country":null,"citizenship":"Dutch Republic","birth_country":"NLD","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":42,"hpi":69.4,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jan%20Swammerdam.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1425,"name":"Jacques Cassini","wikidata":"Q315037","description":"French astronomer (1677-1756)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1677-02-18","death_date":"1756-04-15","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":42,"hpi":69.17,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jacques%20Cassini.png?width=320"}
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{"rank":1425,"name":"Bernard Germain de Lacépède","wikidata":"Q313363","description":"French naturalist (1756-1825)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1756-12-26","death_date":"1825-10-06","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":42,"hpi":68.4,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Joseph%20Ducreux%20-%20Portrait%20de%20Bernard-Germain%20de%20Lac%C3%A9p%C3%A8de%20(1756-1825)%2C%20naturaliste%20et%20homme%20politique%20-%20P2618%20-%20Mus%C3%A9e%20Carnavalet.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1425,"name":"Jean-Claude Trichet","wikidata":"Q152905","description":"French economist and central banker","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1942-12-20","death_date":null,"country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":42,"hpi":67.81,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jean-Claude%20Trichet%20-%20World%20Economic%20Forum%20Annual%20Meeting%20Davos%202010.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1425,"name":"Arthur Cecil Pigou","wikidata":"Q313034","description":"British economist (1877-1959)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1877-11-18","death_date":"1959-03-07","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":42,"hpi":67.51,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Portrait%20of%20Arthur%20Cecil%20Pigou%2C%20c.%201918-1921.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1425,"name":"Vladimir Markovnikov","wikidata":"Q467705","description":"Russian chemist","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1838-12-22","death_date":"1904-02-11","country":null,"citizenship":"Russian Empire","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":42,"hpi":67.41,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/VladimirMarkovnikov.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1425,"name":"Ernst Öpik","wikidata":"Q318126","description":"Estonian astronomer and astrophysicist (1893-1985)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1893-10-22","death_date":"1985-09-10","country":null,"citizenship":"Estonia; United Kingdom","birth_country":"EST","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":42,"hpi":67.25,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/ErnstJuliusOpik.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1425,"name":"Julius Richard Petri","wikidata":"Q57839","description":"German microbiologist (1852–1921)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1852-05-31","death_date":"1921-12-20","country":null,"citizenship":"German Empire; Kingdom of Prussia; Weimar Republic","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":42,"hpi":67.21,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Julius%20Richard%20Petri.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1425,"name":"Henry Briggs","wikidata":"Q335086","description":"British mathematician","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1561-02-11","death_date":"1630-01-26","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of England","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":42,"hpi":67.12,"image":null}
{"rank":1425,"name":"George Herbert, 5th Earl of Carnarvon","wikidata":"Q158765","description":"British aristocrat (1866-1923)","occupation":"Archaeologist","birth_date":"1866-06-26","death_date":"1923-04-05","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":42,"hpi":67.03,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/George%20Herbert%2C%205th%20Earl%20of%20Carnarvon%2C%20reading%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1425,"name":"Michael Roger Oldfield Thomas","wikidata":"Q318207","description":"British mammalogist (1858–1929)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1858-02-21","death_date":"1929-06-16","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":42,"hpi":66.25,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Portrait%20of%20Michael%20Rogers%20Oldfield%20Thomas%20-%20ZooKeys-255-103-g003-bottom%20right.jpeg?width=320"}
{"rank":1425,"name":"John Charles Fields","wikidata":"Q315431","description":"Canadian mathematician (1863–1932)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1863-05-14","death_date":"1932-08-09","country":"CAN","citizenship":"Canada","birth_country":"CAN","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":42,"hpi":66.22,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/John%20charles%20fields.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1425,"name":"George Bernard Dantzig","wikidata":"Q337040","description":"American mathematician (1914-2005)","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1914-11-08","death_date":"2005-05-13","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":5,"sitelinks":42,"hpi":66.07,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/George%20B%20Dantzig%201936.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1425,"name":"Fritjof Capra","wikidata":"Q84258","description":"American physicist (1939-)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1939-02-01","death_date":null,"country":"AUT","citizenship":"Austria","birth_country":"AUT","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":42,"hpi":66.07,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fritjof%20Capra.jpeg?width=320"}
{"rank":1425,"name":"Michael Polanyi","wikidata":"Q163087","description":"Hungarian-British polymath (1891–1976)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1891-03-11","death_date":"1976-02-22","country":null,"citizenship":"Austria; United Kingdom; Hungary","birth_country":"HUN","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":42,"hpi":65.89,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Michael%20Polanyi.png?width=320"}
{"rank":1425,"name":"Jeremiah Horrocks","wikidata":"Q354631","description":"English astronomer","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1618","death_date":"1641-01-03","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":42,"hpi":65.85,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/JeremiahHorrocks.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1425,"name":"Ziya Gökalp","wikidata":"Q83275","description":"Turkish sociologist and writer (1876–1924)","occupation":"Sociologist","birth_date":"1876-03-23","death_date":"1924-10-25","country":"TUR","citizenship":"Turkey","birth_country":"TUR","notable_works":4,"sitelinks":42,"hpi":65.74,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ziya%20Gykalp%20Malta%201920%201921.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1425,"name":"Ana Aslan","wikidata":"Q270262","description":"Romanian biologist and physician (1897–1988)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1897-01-01","death_date":"1988-05-21","country":"ROU","citizenship":"Romania","birth_country":"ROU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":42,"hpi":65.64,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ana%20Aslan%201970.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1425,"name":"Seymour Papert","wikidata":"Q335027","description":"MIT mathematician, computer scientist, and educator (1928–2016)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1928-02-29","death_date":"2016-07-31","country":null,"citizenship":"South Africa; United States","birth_country":"ZAF","notable_works":5,"sitelinks":42,"hpi":65.55,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Seymour%20Papert.png?width=320"}
{"rank":1425,"name":"William Henry Perkin","wikidata":"Q165749","description":"British chemist known for his accidental discovery of the first synthetic dye (1838–1907)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1838-03-12","death_date":"1907-07-14","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":42,"hpi":64.91,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/William%20Henry%20Perkin.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1425,"name":"Eva Ekeblad","wikidata":"Q1393227","description":"Swedish scientist (1724-1786)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1724-07-10","death_date":"1786-05-15","country":"SWE","citizenship":"Sweden","birth_country":"SWE","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":42,"hpi":64.85,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Evadelagardie.gif?width=320"}
{"rank":1425,"name":"Alexander Butlerov","wikidata":"Q315160","description":"Russian chemist (1828-1886)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1828-09-15","death_date":"1886-08-17","country":null,"citizenship":"Russian Empire","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":42,"hpi":64.53,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Butlerov1880.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1425,"name":"Gotthold Eisenstein","wikidata":"Q61047","description":"German mathematician (1823–1852)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1823-04-16","death_date":"1852-10-11","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":11,"sitelinks":42,"hpi":63.81,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gotthold%20Eisenstein.jpeg?width=320"}
{"rank":1425,"name":"Julius Plücker","wikidata":"Q57561","description":"German mathematician and physicist (1801-1868)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1801-07-16","death_date":"1868-05-22","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":7,"sitelinks":42,"hpi":63.81,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Julius%20Pl%C3%BCcker%201856.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1425,"name":"George Ellery Hale","wikidata":"Q312288","description":"American astronomer (1868-1938)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1868-06-29","death_date":"1938-02-21","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":42,"hpi":62.93,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Portrait%20of%20George%20Ellery%20Hale.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1425,"name":"Douglas Diamond","wikidata":"Q185871","description":"American economist and professor of finance","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1953-10-25","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":42,"hpi":59.91,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Douglas%20Diamond.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1425,"name":"Nolan Bushnell","wikidata":"Q335039","description":"American entrepreneur (born 1943)","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1943-02-05","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":42,"hpi":59.71,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nolan%20Bushnell%202013.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1425,"name":"Ingrid Daubechies","wikidata":"Q275604","description":"Belgian physicist and mathematician","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1954-08-17","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Belgium","birth_country":"BEL","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":42,"hpi":59.71,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ingrid%20Daubechies%20ICM%202018%20(42687401960)%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1425,"name":"Vikram Sarabhai","wikidata":"Q325470","description":"father of Indian space programme (1919–1971)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1919-08-12","death_date":"1971-12-30","country":"IND","citizenship":"India","birth_country":"IND","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":42,"hpi":59.28,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Vikram%20Sarabhai.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1425,"name":"Joshua Angrist","wikidata":"Q921499","description":"Israeli-American economist","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1960-09-18","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"Israel; United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":42,"hpi":57.74,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Joshua%20Angrist%20-%202011.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1425,"name":"Patrick Moore","wikidata":"Q268024","description":"English astronomer, broadcaster and writer (1923–2012)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1923-03-04","death_date":"2012-12-09","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":42,"hpi":56.02,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sir%20Patrick%20Moore%20at%20the%20opening%20of%20the%20South%20Downs%20Planetarium.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1425,"name":"Cédric Villani","wikidata":"Q334065","description":"French mathematician and politician","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1973-10-05","death_date":null,"country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":42,"hpi":53.68,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Cedric%20Villani%20at%20his%20office%202015%20n3.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1425,"name":"Ngô Bảo Châu","wikidata":"Q216350","description":"Vietnamese math professor","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1972-06-28","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"Vietnam; France","birth_country":"VNM","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":42,"hpi":53.35,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ng%C3%B4%20B%E1%BA%A3o%20Ch%C3%A2u.JPG?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Aaron Beck","wikidata":"Q302849","description":"American psychiatrist, researcher, therapist","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1921-07-18","death_date":"2021-11-01","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":73.89,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Liber%20Brunensis%201942%2C%20Aaron%20T.%20Beck.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Sosigenes of Alexandria","wikidata":"Q316867","description":"ancient Greek astronomer","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"-80","death_date":"-100","country":null,"citizenship":null,"birth_country":"EGY","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":73.54,"image":null}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Jim Simons","wikidata":"Q560847","description":"American mathematician and hedge fund manager (1938–2024)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1938-04-25","death_date":"2024-05-10","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":72.89,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jim%20Simons%20at%20MSRI.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Edmond Becquerel","wikidata":"Q315048","description":"French physicist (1820-1891)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1820-03-24","death_date":"1891-05-11","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":72.83,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Edmond%20Becquerel%20by%20Nadar.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Frank P. Ramsey","wikidata":"Q315387","description":"British mathematician, philosopher, and economist (1903–1930)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1903-02-22","death_date":"1930-01-19","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":7,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":72.55,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/30.%20Frank%20Ramsey.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"George Shaw","wikidata":"Q311097","description":"English botanist and zoologist (1751–1813)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1751-12-10","death_date":"1813-07-22","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":72.46,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/George%20Kearsley%20Shaw.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Luitzen Egbertus Jan Brouwer","wikidata":"Q155887","description":"Dutch mathematician and logician (1881–1966)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1881-02-27","death_date":"1966-12-02","country":"NLD","citizenship":"Kingdom of the Netherlands","birth_country":"NLD","notable_works":8,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":72.42,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bohr%20Brouwer%20Zurich1932.tif?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Charles Émile Picard","wikidata":"Q286375","description":"French mathematician (1856-1941)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1856-07-24","death_date":"1941-12-11","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":9,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":71.58,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Charles-Emile%20Picard%2C%20ante%201909%20-%20Accademia%20delle%20Scienze%20di%20Torino%200148%20B.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Paul Cohen","wikidata":"Q216809","description":"American mathematician","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1934-04-02","death_date":"2007-03-23","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":71.36,"image":null}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Christian Jürgensen Thomsen","wikidata":"Q320931","description":"archaeologist (1788-1865)","occupation":"Archaeologist","birth_date":"1788-12-29","death_date":"1865-05-21","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Denmark","birth_country":"DNK","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":71.23,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Christian%20J%C3%BCrgensen%20Thomsen.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Ctesibius","wikidata":"Q41766","description":"Greek inventor and mathematician","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"-283","death_date":"-220","country":null,"citizenship":null,"birth_country":"EGY","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":71.22,"image":null}
{"rank":1472,"name":"George Green","wikidata":"Q323294","description":"British mathematical physicist (*1793 – †1841)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1793-07-14","death_date":"1841-05-31","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; Kingdom of Great Britain","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":7,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":71.13,"image":null}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Gabriel Cramer","wikidata":"Q122331","description":"Genevan mathematician (1704-1752)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1704-07-31","death_date":"1752-01-04","country":null,"citizenship":"Republic of Geneva","birth_country":"CHE","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":70.97,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gabriel%20Cramer.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Ettore Majorana","wikidata":"Q367196","description":"Italian physicist (1906-1938?)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1906-08-05","death_date":"1959","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Italy","birth_country":"ITA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":70.81,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ettore%20Majorana.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Ernest Solvay","wikidata":"Q311665","description":"Belgian chemist, industrialist, philanthropist (1838-1922)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1838-04-16","death_date":"1922-05-26","country":"BEL","citizenship":"Belgium","birth_country":"BEL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":70.63,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ernest%20Solvay%201900s.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Max Wertheimer","wikidata":"Q213674","description":"Austro-Hungarian psychologist (1880–1943)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1880-04-15","death_date":"1943-10-12","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"CZE","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":70.56,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Max%20Werheimer%20(1880-1943).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Lodovico Ferrari","wikidata":"Q310783","description":"Italian mathematician (1522–1565)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1522-02-12","death_date":"1565-10-15","country":null,"citizenship":null,"birth_country":"ITA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":70.38,"image":null}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Albert Marth","wikidata":"Q57378","description":"German astronomer (1828–1897)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1828-05-05","death_date":"1897-08-06","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia","birth_country":"POL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":70.37,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Marth.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Wilhelm Tempel","wikidata":"Q57297","description":"German astronomer (1821–1889)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1821-12-04","death_date":"1889-03-16","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Saxony","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":70.03,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ernst%20Wilhelm%20Leberecht%20Tempel.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Hermann of Reichenau","wikidata":"Q68490","description":"German 11th-century Benedictine monk","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1013-07-24","death_date":"1054-09-30","country":null,"citizenship":"Holy Roman Empire","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":69.62,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hermann%20Reichenau%20Ofenkachel.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Nicolás Joseph Jacquin","wikidata":"Q84497","description":"chemist, physician and botanist from the Netherlands (1727-1817)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1727-02-16","death_date":"1817-10-24","country":null,"citizenship":"Austrian Empire","birth_country":"NLD","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":69.54,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nikolaus%20Joseph%20von%20Jacquin%202.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Benjamin Graham","wikidata":"Q290560","description":"American economist and investor (1894-1976)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1894-05-09","death_date":"1976-09-21","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":69.43,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Benjamin%20Graham%20(1894-1976)%20in%201950.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"William Jackson Hooker","wikidata":"Q472639","description":"English botanist and botanical illustrator (1785-1865)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1785-07-06","death_date":"1865-08-12","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Great Britain; United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":69.36,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/William%20Jackson%20Hooker%20by%20Spiridione%20Gambardella.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Alice Miller","wikidata":"Q236384","description":"Swiss psychologist (1923-2010)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1923-01-12","death_date":"2010-04-14","country":null,"citizenship":"Switzerland; Poland; France","birth_country":"POL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":69.14,"image":null}
{"rank":1472,"name":"John Alexander Reina Newlands","wikidata":"Q318214","description":"British chemist who did work concerning the periodicity of elements","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1837-11-26","death_date":"1898-07-29","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":68.74,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/John%20Alexander%20Reina%20Newlands.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Jost Bürgi","wikidata":"Q124025","description":"Swiss clockmaker, maker of astronomical instruments and mathematician (1552-1632)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1552-02-28","death_date":"1632-01-31","country":"CHE","citizenship":"Switzerland","birth_country":"CHE","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":68.65,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jost%20B%C3%BCrgi%20Portr%C3%A4t.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Cornelius Castoriadis","wikidata":"Q158030","description":"Greek-French philosopher (1922–1997)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1922-03-11","death_date":"1997-12-26","country":null,"citizenship":"France; Greece","birth_country":"TUR","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":68.61,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Cornelius%20Castoriadis.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1472,"name":"Antoine César Becquerel","wikidata":"Q318004","description":"French scientist and pioneer in the study of electric and luminescent phenomena (1788-1878)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1788-03-07","death_date":"1878-01-18","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":68.25,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Antoine%20Becquerel%202.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Alain Touraine","wikidata":"Q333686","description":"French sociologist (1925–2023)","occupation":"Sociologist","birth_date":"1925-08-03","death_date":"2023-06-09","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":68.02,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Alain%20Touraine%2C%202004%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Jakob Steiner","wikidata":"Q123514","description":"Swiss mathematician (1796-1863)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1796-03-18","death_date":"1863-04-01","country":"CHE","citizenship":"Switzerland","birth_country":"CHE","notable_works":15,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":68,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/JakobSteiner.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"George Robert Gray","wikidata":"Q310456","description":"English ornithologist, author and museum curator (1808–1872)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1808-07-08","death_date":"1872-05-06","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":67.72,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/George%20Robert%20Gray.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Emil Abderhalden","wikidata":"Q123557","description":"Swiss biochemist and physiologist (1877–1950)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1877-03-09","death_date":"1950-08-05","country":"CHE","citizenship":"Switzerland","birth_country":"CHE","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":67.68,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Emil%20Abderhalden.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Svetlana Gerasimenko","wikidata":"Q12095007","description":"Ukrainian soviet and Tajik astronomer","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1945-02-23","death_date":"2025-04-08","country":"TJK","citizenship":"Tajikistan","birth_country":"UKR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":67.19,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Svetlana%20Gerasimenko%20cropped.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Mikhail Gromov","wikidata":"Q353451","description":"Russian and French mathematician and academic","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1943-12-23","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"France; Russia","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":9,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":67.11,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Mikhael%20Gromov.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Peter L. Berger","wikidata":"Q84486","description":"American sociologist (1929–2017)","occupation":"Sociologist","birth_date":"1929-03-17","death_date":"2017-06-27","country":null,"citizenship":"Austria; United States","birth_country":"AUT","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":66.69,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Peter%20Ludwig%20Berger.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Ernst Zermelo","wikidata":"Q57248","description":"German mathematician (1871–1953)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1871-07-27","death_date":"1953-05-21","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":6,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":66.29,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/(UAZ)%20AB.1.1165%20Zermelo.tif?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"William Henry Pickering","wikidata":"Q310222","description":"American astronomer (1858–1938)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1858-02-15","death_date":"1938-01-17","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":66.19,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/William%20Henry%20Pickering.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Alan Baker","wikidata":"Q310769","description":"English mathematician (1939-2018)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1939-08-19","death_date":"2018-02-04","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":65.38,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Alan-Baker.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Gene Sharp","wikidata":"Q263681","description":"American political scientist (1928-2018)","occupation":"Political scientist","birth_date":"1928-01-21","death_date":"2018-01-28","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":65.32,"image":null}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Daniel Bell","wikidata":"Q316330","description":"American sociologist (1919–2011)","occupation":"Sociologist","birth_date":"1919-05-10","death_date":"2011-01-25","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":65.05,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Daniel%20Bell.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"John G. Thompson","wikidata":"Q313168","description":"American mathematician","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1932-10-13","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":7,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":64.88,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/John%20Griggs%20Thompson.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Hugo Steinhaus","wikidata":"Q226072","description":"Polish mathematician (1887–1972)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1887-01-14","death_date":"1972-02-25","country":"POL","citizenship":"Poland","birth_country":"POL","notable_works":4,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":64.86,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hugo%20Steinhaus.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Nikolai Chernykh","wikidata":"Q318611","description":"Soviet and Ukrainian astronomer","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1931-10-06","death_date":"2004-05-25","country":"RUS","citizenship":"Russia","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":64.76,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Mykola%20Chernych.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Shing-Tung Yau","wikidata":"Q334760","description":"American mathematician from Hong Kong","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1949-04-04","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"CHN","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":64.73,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Shing-Tung%20Yau.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"John Lubbock, 1st Baron Avebury","wikidata":"Q312503","description":"English banker, Liberal politician, philanthropist, scientist and polymath (1834-1913)","occupation":"Archaeologist","birth_date":"1834-04-30","death_date":"1913-05-28","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":64.24,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/John%20Lubbock72.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Hideyo Noguchi","wikidata":"Q356114","description":"Japanese bacteriologist (1876–1928)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1876-11-09","death_date":"1928-05-21","country":"JPN","citizenship":"Japan","birth_country":"JPN","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":64.2,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Noguchi%20Hideyo.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Pavel Aleksandrov","wikidata":"Q325696","description":"Russian mathematician (1896–1982)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1896-05-07","death_date":"1982-11-16","country":null,"citizenship":"Russian Empire; Soviet Union","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":5,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":63.83,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Paul%20S%20Alexandroff%202.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Ivan Sutherland","wikidata":"Q62866","description":"American computer scientist and Internet pioneer","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1938-05-16","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":63.66,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ivan%20Sutherland%20at%20CHM.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Henrietta Lacks","wikidata":"Q1647793","description":"American woman whose cancer cells are the source of the HeLa cell line (1920–1951)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1920-08-01","death_date":"1951-10-04","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":62.75,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Henrietta%20Lacks%20statue%20head%2002.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Alan Guth","wikidata":"Q323316","description":"American theoretical physicist and cosmologist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1947-02-27","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":62.37,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/AlanGuthCambridge.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Benjamin Tucker","wikidata":"Q505871","description":"American journalist and anarchist (1854-1939)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1854-04-17","death_date":"1939-06-22","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":62.15,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Benjamin%20Tucker.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Yann LeCun","wikidata":"Q3571662","description":"American-French computer scientist (born 1960)","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1959-07-08","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"France; United States","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":61.31,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Yann%20LeCun%20-%202025%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Jayant Narlikar","wikidata":"Q179201","description":"Indian astrophysicist and writer (1938–2025)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1938-07-19","death_date":"2025-05-20","country":"IND","citizenship":"India","birth_country":"IND","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":60.59,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jayant%20Vishnu%20Narlikar%20-%20Kolkata%202007-03-20%2007341.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Adi Shamir","wikidata":"Q320624","description":"Israeli cryptographer (born 1952)","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1952-07-06","death_date":null,"country":"ISR","citizenship":"Israel","birth_country":"ISR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":60.32,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Adi%20Shamir%20Royal%20Society.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Mohsen Fakhrizadeh","wikidata":"Q2895606","description":"Iranian general and physicist (1961–2020)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1961-03-21","death_date":"2020-11-27","country":"IRN","citizenship":"Iran","birth_country":"IRN","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":57.37,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Mohsen%20Fakhrizadeh%207.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Simon Johnson","wikidata":"Q1461050","description":"British-American economist (born 1963)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1963-01-16","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":55.61,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Simon%20Johnson%2C%202024%20Nobel%20Prize%20Laureate%20in%20Economics%204%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Lisa Randall","wikidata":"Q450404","description":"American theoretical physicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1962-06-18","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":55.56,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Lisa%20Randall-4Nov2006.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Anita Borg","wikidata":"Q11483","description":"American computer scientist (1949-2003)","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1949-01-17","death_date":"2003-04-06","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":55.23,"image":null}
{"rank":1472,"name":"Manjul Bhargava","wikidata":"Q1398727","description":"Indo-Canadian mathematician","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1974-08-08","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Canada","birth_country":"CAN","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":41,"hpi":45.9,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Manjul%20Bhargava%20FieldsMedal.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"Edward W. Morley","wikidata":"Q320889","description":"American physical chemist","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1838-01-29","death_date":"1923-02-24","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":72.77,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Edward%20Williams%20Morley2.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"Adolph Wilhelm Hermann Kolbe","wikidata":"Q76621","description":"German chemist (1818–1884)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1818-09-27","death_date":"1884-11-25","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":71.52,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hermann%20Kolbe.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"Karl Ludwig Hencke","wikidata":"Q77055","description":"German astronomer (1793–1866)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1793-04-08","death_date":"1866-09-21","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia","birth_country":"POL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":71.36,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Karl%20Ludwig%20Hencke.png?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"Nicomachus","wikidata":"Q360366","description":"Greco-Syrian mathematician (c. 60 – c. 120 AD)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"0060","death_date":"0120","country":null,"citizenship":"Ancient Rome","birth_country":"JOR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":70.8,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gerosinus%20Nicomachus.%20Line%20engraving%20by%20D.%20Cunego%2C%201785%2C%20aft%20Wellcome%20V0004298.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"Gabriel Tarde","wikidata":"Q315372","description":"French sociologist (1843–1904)","occupation":"Sociologist","birth_date":"1843-03-12","death_date":"1904-05-13","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":70.66,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/M.%20Tarde%2C%20membre%20de%20l'Institut%2C%20professeur%20au%20Coll%C3%A8ge%20de%20France%20CIPB0463.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"Johannes Nicolaus Brønsted","wikidata":"Q180142","description":"Danish physical chemist (1879–1947)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1879-02-22","death_date":"1947-12-17","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Denmark","birth_country":"DNK","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":70.11,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Johannes%20Br%C3%B8nsted.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"Liu Hui","wikidata":"Q316304","description":"Chinese mathematician from Cao Wei (Three Kingdoms period)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"0225","death_date":"0295","country":null,"citizenship":"Cao Wei; Western Jin dynasty","birth_country":"CHN","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":69.9,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hunan%20International%20Economics%20University20.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"Raymond Cattell","wikidata":"Q353133","description":"British-American psychologist (1905–1998)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1905-03-20","death_date":"1998-02-02","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom; United States","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":69.39,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Raymond%20Cattell.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi","wikidata":"Q316147","description":"Hungarian-American psychologist (1934–2021)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1934-09-29","death_date":"2021-10-20","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Hungary","birth_country":"HRV","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":69.24,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Mihaly%20Csikszentmihalyi.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1532,"name":"Jean-Baptiste Joseph Delambre","wikidata":"Q246517","description":"French mathematician and astronomer","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1749-09-19","death_date":"1822-08-19","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":68.56,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jean%20Baptiste%20Joseph%20Delambre.png?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"Alexander Luria","wikidata":"Q350778","description":"Soviet psychologist (1902–1977)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1902-07-16","death_date":"1977-08-14","country":null,"citizenship":"Soviet Union","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":68.51,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Alexander%20Luria.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"Al-Bakri","wikidata":"Q337126","description":"Arab Andalusian geographer and historian (c. 1040–1094)","occupation":"Geographer","birth_date":"1014","death_date":"1094","country":null,"citizenship":"Taifa of Seville; Taifa of Córdoba; Caliphate of Córdoba","birth_country":"ESP","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":68.19,"image":null}
{"rank":1532,"name":"Henri Victor Regnault","wikidata":"Q311115","description":"French physicist (1810–1878)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1810-07-21","death_date":"1878-01-19","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":68,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Henri%20Victor%20Regnault%201860s.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"Adolf Engler","wikidata":"Q60718","description":"German botanist (1844–1930)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1844-03-25","death_date":"1930-10-10","country":null,"citizenship":"Weimar Republic","birth_country":"POL","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":67.76,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Engler%20in%20NYPL.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"Wacław Sierpiński","wikidata":"Q297206","description":"Polish mathematician","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1882-03-14","death_date":"1969-10-21","country":"POL","citizenship":"Poland","birth_country":"POL","notable_works":11,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":67.7,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Wac%C5%82aw%20Sierpi%C5%84ski.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"Carl Woese","wikidata":"Q310067","description":"American microbiologist","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1928-07-15","death_date":"2012-12-30","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":67.42,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Carl%20Woese.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"Pierre Bouguer","wikidata":"Q11065","description":"French astronomer and mathematician (1698-1758)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1698-02-16","death_date":"1758-08-15","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":5,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":67.02,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pierre%20Bouguer%20-%20Jean-Baptiste%20Perronneau.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"Carl Ludwig Willdenow","wikidata":"Q76353","description":"German botanist (1765-1812)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1765-08-22","death_date":"1812-07-10","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":4,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":67,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Karl%20Ludwig%20Willdenow.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Kathīr al-Farghānī","wikidata":"Q336550","description":"Abbasid astronomer (c. 800 – 870)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"0810","death_date":"0861","country":null,"citizenship":"Abbasid Caliphate","birth_country":"UZB","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":66.82,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Al-%20Farg%C4%81n%C4%AB%2C%20A%E1%B8%A5mad%20ibn%20Mu%E1%B8%A5ammad%20%E2%80%93%20Compilatio%20astronomica%2C%201493%20%E2%80%93%20BEIC%2013262685.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"Antoine Augustin Cournot","wikidata":"Q323245","description":"French economist and mathematician (*1801 – †1877)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1801-08-28","death_date":"1877-03-31","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":66.77,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Antoine%20Augustin%20Cournot.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"Auguste Forel","wikidata":"Q22530","description":"Swiss myrmecologist, neuroanatomist and psychiatrist (1848-1931)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1848-09-01","death_date":"1931-07-27","country":"CHE","citizenship":"Switzerland","birth_country":"CHE","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":66.27,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Auguste%20Forel%20(1899)%20(cropped).png?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"Johann Georg Gmelin","wikidata":"Q58068","description":"German and Russian scientist (1709-1755)","occupation":"Geographer","birth_date":"1709-08-10","death_date":"1755-05-20","country":null,"citizenship":"Duchy of Württemberg; Russian Empire","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":66.16,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/WD%20Majer%20-%20Johann%20Georg%20Gmelin%20%C3%96aL%201744.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"Olga Ladyzhenskaya","wikidata":"Q450269","description":"Russian mathematician (1922–2004)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1922-03-07","death_date":"2004-01-12","country":"RUS","citizenship":"Russia","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":65.95,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ladyshenskaya.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1532,"name":"Nikolai Bogolyubov","wikidata":"Q454925","description":"Soviet mathematician and theoretical physicist (1909-1992)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1909-08-21","death_date":"1992-02-13","country":"RUS","citizenship":"Russia","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":4,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":65.63,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%20%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87%20%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B2%20(%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%20%D0%92%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%20%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%2C%206).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"Eleanor F. Helin","wikidata":"Q58962","description":"American astronomer (1932-2009)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1932-11-19","death_date":"2009-01-25","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":65.55,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Eleanor%20F.%20Helin%2C%201973.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"Israel Gelfand","wikidata":"Q315414","description":"Soviet-American mathematician","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1913-09-02","death_date":"2009-10-05","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"UKR","notable_works":6,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":65.39,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Izrail%20Gel'Fand.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"Jacques Attali","wikidata":"Q364315","description":"French economist","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1943-11-01","death_date":null,"country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"DZA","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":65.18,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jacques%20Attali%20-%202020%20-%20Paris.png?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"Charles Bell","wikidata":"Q451727","description":"Scottish physician, painter and theologian (1774–1842)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1774-11-12","death_date":"1842-04-28","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":8,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":64.88,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sir%20Charles%20Bell%20by%20John%20Stevens.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"Edmund Landau","wikidata":"Q58750","description":"German Jewish mathematician (1877–1938)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1877-02-14","death_date":"1938-02-19","country":null,"citizenship":"German Reich","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":7,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":64.87,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Edmund%20Landau.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"Pierre Deligne","wikidata":"Q334045","description":"Belgian mathematician","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1944-10-03","death_date":null,"country":"BEL","citizenship":"Belgium","birth_country":"BEL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":64.78,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pierre%20Deligne%20(2005)%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"Jesse Douglas","wikidata":"Q315404","description":"American mathematician (1897–1965)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1897-07-03","death_date":"1965-10-07","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":64.74,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Portrait%20of%20Jesse%20Douglas%20in%20c.%201932.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"John Gould","wikidata":"Q313787","description":"English ornithologist (1804–1881)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1804-09-14","death_date":"1881-02-03","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":64.12,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/John%20Gould.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"Johann Reinhold Forster","wikidata":"Q213570","description":"German naturalist (1729–1798)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1729-10-22","death_date":"1798-12-09","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia","birth_country":"POL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":63.2,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Forster.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"William Thurston","wikidata":"Q333927","description":"American mathematician (1946–2012)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1946-10-30","death_date":"2012-08-21","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":61.71,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/William%20Thurston.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"Rudolf Peierls","wikidata":"Q61735","description":"German-born British physicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1907-06-05","death_date":"1995-09-19","country":null,"citizenship":"Germany; United Kingdom","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":7,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":61.56,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Peierls%2CRudolf%201966%20G%C3%B6ttingen.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"James Henry Breasted","wikidata":"Q365982","description":"American archaeologist, Egyptologist and historian (1865–1935)","occupation":"Archaeologist","birth_date":"1865-08-27","death_date":"1935-12-02","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":61.42,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Smithsonian%20Institution%20Archives%20-%20SIA2007-0364.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"Mary Cartwright","wikidata":"Q452158","description":"British mathematician (1900–1998)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1900-12-17","death_date":"1998-04-03","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":61.27,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Mary%20cartwright.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"Vladimir A. Obruchev","wikidata":"Q359568","description":"Russian and Soviet geologist and writer (1863–1956)","occupation":"Geologist","birth_date":"1863-10-10","death_date":"1956-06-19","country":null,"citizenship":"Don Republic; Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic; Russian Empire; Russian Republic; Soviet Union","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":60.4,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/1886-ObruchevVA.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"Richard Hamming","wikidata":"Q92619","description":"American mathematician and information theorist (1915–1998)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1915-02-11","death_date":"1998-01-07","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":7,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":60.31,"image":null}
{"rank":1532,"name":"Norman Finkelstein","wikidata":"Q160163","description":"American political scientist (born 1953)","occupation":"Political scientist","birth_date":"1953-12-08","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":4,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":60.16,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Norman%20finkelstein%20suffolk.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"David Mumford","wikidata":"Q334021","description":"British/American mathematician","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1937-06-11","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"United States; United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":60.12,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/David%20Mumford.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"Carolyn Porco","wikidata":"Q257420","description":"American planetary scientist","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1953-03-06","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":56.23,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Carolyn-porco-2016.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"Jaron Lanier","wikidata":"Q92862","description":"American computer scientist, musician, and author","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1960-05-03","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":54.61,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jaron%20Lanier%201.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1532,"name":"Hugo López-Gatell","wikidata":"Q55190783","description":"Mexican physician, researcher, professor and public official, Undersecretary of Prevention and Health Promotion","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1969-02-13","death_date":null,"country":"MEX","citizenship":"Mexico","birth_country":"MEX","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":40,"hpi":48.38,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/L%C3%B3pez-Gatell%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1578,"name":"René Lesson","wikidata":"Q318217","description":"French surgeon, naturalist, ornithologist, and herpetologist (1794-1849)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1794-03-20","death_date":"1849-04-28","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":39,"hpi":71.65,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Louis%20Charles%20Arsenne%20-%20Portrait%20de%20Ren%C3%A9%20Primev%C3%A8re%20Lesson.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1578,"name":"Abū Ishāq Ibrāhīm al-Zarqālī","wikidata":"Q11133","description":"Muslim instrument maker, astrologer, and astronomer","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1027","death_date":"1100","country":null,"citizenship":"al-Andalus","birth_country":"ESP","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":39,"hpi":71.19,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Azarquiel%20(MUNCYT%2C%20Eulogia%20Merle).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1578,"name":"Philip Sclater","wikidata":"Q435725","description":"English zoologist, ornithologist, and lawyer (1829-1913)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1829-11-04","death_date":"1913-06-27","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":39,"hpi":71.02,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/PLSclater.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1578,"name":"Andrija Mohorovičić","wikidata":"Q243445","description":"Croatian seismologist (1857–1936)","occupation":"Geologist","birth_date":"1857-01-23","death_date":"1936-12-18","country":null,"citizenship":"Cisleithania; Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes; Kingdom of Yugoslavia; Austrian Empire","birth_country":"HRV","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":39,"hpi":70.67,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Portrait%20of%20Andria%20Mohorovicic.gif?width=320"}
{"rank":1578,"name":"John Russell Hind","wikidata":"Q310479","description":"English astronomer","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1823-05-12","death_date":"1895-12-23","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":39,"hpi":69.77,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/John%20Russell%20Hind2.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1578,"name":"Solomon Asch","wikidata":"Q316142","description":"Polish-American psychologist (1907-1996)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1907-09-14","death_date":"1996-02-20","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Poland","birth_country":"POL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":39,"hpi":69.62,"image":null}
{"rank":1578,"name":"Zu Chongzhi","wikidata":"Q227444","description":"Chinese mathematician-astronomer","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"0429","death_date":"0501","country":null,"citizenship":"Southern Qi; Liu Song dynasty","birth_country":"CHN","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":39,"hpi":69.57,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Beijing%20Ancient%20Observatory%2020090715-23.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1578,"name":"Martin Seligman","wikidata":"Q320927","description":"American psychologist and writer","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1942-08-12","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":39,"hpi":69.5,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Martin%20Seligman%20Philadelphia%202009.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1578,"name":"Pieter van Musschenbroek","wikidata":"Q176206","description":"Dutch naturalist (1692–1761)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1692-03-14","death_date":"1761-09-19","country":null,"citizenship":"Dutch Republic","birth_country":"NLD","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":39,"hpi":69.21,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Portret%20van%20Petrus%20van%20Musschenbroek%2C%20hoogleraar%20Wiskunde%20en%20Wijsbegeerte%20te%20Leiden%20Icones%20147.tiff?width=320"}
{"rank":1578,"name":"Gabriel Lamé","wikidata":"Q353442","description":"French mathematician and physicist (1795-1870)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1795-07-22","death_date":"1870-05-01","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":39,"hpi":69.11,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gabriel-Lam%C3%A9.jpeg?width=320"}
{"rank":1578,"name":"Beatrice Webb","wikidata":"Q242666","description":"English sociologist, economist, socialist, and social reformer (1858–1943)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1858-01-22","death_date":"1943-04-30","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":39,"hpi":68.99,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Beatrice%20Webb%2C%20c1875.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1578,"name":"Aimé Bonpland","wikidata":"Q405702","description":"French physician, botanist and explorer (1773-1858)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1773-08-29","death_date":"1858-05-10","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":39,"hpi":68.96,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bonpland%20Aim%C3%A9%201773-1858.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1578,"name":"Sophia Brahe","wikidata":"Q56029","description":"Danish horticulturalist","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1556-10-02","death_date":"1643","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Denmark","birth_country":"DNK","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":39,"hpi":68.91,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sophie%20Brahe%20portrait.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1578,"name":"Paul Vidal de La Blache","wikidata":"Q311865","description":"French geographer","occupation":"Geographer","birth_date":"1845-01-22","death_date":"1918-04-05","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":39,"hpi":68.89,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/VIdal%20de%20la%20Blache%2C%20Paul%2C%20BNF%20Gallica.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1578,"name":"Peter Lax","wikidata":"Q323331","description":"American mathematician of Hungarian origin (1926–2025)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1926-05-01","death_date":"2025-05-16","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Hungary","birth_country":"HUN","notable_works":9,"sitelinks":39,"hpi":68.72,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Peter%20Lax%20in%20Tokyo.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1578,"name":"Rolf Sievert","wikidata":"Q345283","description":"Swedish medical physicist, professor (1896–1966)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1896-05-06","death_date":"1966-12-03","country":"SWE","citizenship":"Sweden","birth_country":"SWE","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":39,"hpi":68.34,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Rolf%20Sievert%201896-1966.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1578,"name":"Nettie Stevens","wikidata":"Q433487","description":"American geneticist (1861–1912)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1861-07-07","death_date":"1912-05-04","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":39,"hpi":68.31,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nettie%20Maria%20Stevens.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1578,"name":"Johann Josef Loschmidt","wikidata":"Q93496","description":"Austrian chemist and physicist (1821–1895)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1821-03-15","death_date":"1895-07-08","country":null,"citizenship":"Austrian Empire","birth_country":"CZE","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":39,"hpi":68.31,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Johann%20Josef%20Loschmidt.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1578,"name":"Abraham Gottlob Werner","wikidata":"Q58751","description":"German geologist (1749-1817)","occupation":"Geologist","birth_date":"1749-09-25","death_date":"1817-06-30","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Saxony","birth_country":"POL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":39,"hpi":68.3,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Abraham%20Gottlob%20Werner.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1578,"name":"Lewis A. Swift","wikidata":"Q314284","description":"American astronomer","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1820-02-29","death_date":"1913-01-05","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":39,"hpi":68.26,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Lewis%20Swift.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1578,"name":"William Morris Davis","wikidata":"Q315967","description":"American geographer (1850–1934)","occupation":"Geographer","birth_date":"1850-02-12","death_date":"1934-02-05","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":39,"hpi":68.15,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/William%20Morris%20Davis.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1578,"name":"Harald Bohr","wikidata":"Q310009","description":"Danish mathematician and footballer (1887–1951)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1887-04-22","death_date":"1951-01-22","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Denmark","birth_country":"DNK","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":39,"hpi":67.93,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bohr%20Brouwer%20Zurich1932.tif?width=320"}
{"rank":1578,"name":"Alfred Radcliffe-Brown","wikidata":"Q135576","description":"British anthropologist (1881–1955)","occupation":"Anthropologist","birth_date":"1881-01-17","death_date":"1955-10-24","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":39,"hpi":67.56,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Alfred%20Radcliffe-Brown%201930.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1578,"name":"Ida Noddack","wikidata":"Q77529","description":"German chemist (1896–1978)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1896-02-25","death_date":"1978-09-24","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":39,"hpi":67.43,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ida%20Noddack-Tacke.png?width=320"}
{"rank":1578,"name":"Karl Richard Lepsius","wikidata":"Q77231","description":"German archaeologist, egyptologist and librarian (1810-1884)","occupation":"Archaeologist","birth_date":"1810-12-23","death_date":"1884-07-10","country":null,"citizenship":"German Reich","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":39,"hpi":67.36,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Carl%20Richard%20Lepsius%20(1810-1884).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1578,"name":"Alexander Bain","wikidata":"Q384882","description":"Scottish philosopher and educationalist (1818–1903)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1818-06-11","death_date":"1903-09-18","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":39,"hpi":67.36,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/AlexanderBain001.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1578,"name":"Charles Bonnet","wikidata":"Q123565","description":"Genevan philosopher and naturalist (1720–1793)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1720-03-13","death_date":"1793-05-20","country":null,"citizenship":"Republic of Geneva","birth_country":"CHE","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":39,"hpi":67.32,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Juel%20Jens%2C%20Portrait%20of%20Charles%20Bonnet%20Oil.%201777.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1645,"name":"Paul Ekman","wikidata":"Q355527","description":"American evolutionary and social psychologist (1934-2025)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1934-02-15","death_date":"2025-11-17","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":72.26,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Paul%20Ekman.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1645,"name":"António Damásio","wikidata":"Q380207","description":"neuroscientist and professor at the University of Southern California (born 1944)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1944-02-25","death_date":null,"country":"PRT","citizenship":"Portugal","birth_country":"PRT","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":69.48,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ant%C3%B3nio%20Dam%C3%A1sio%20no%20Fronteiras%20do%20Pensamento%20Porto%20Alegre%202013%20cropped.png?width=320"}
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{"rank":1645,"name":"Jean-François Pilatre de Rozier","wikidata":"Q310996","description":"French balloonist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1754-03-30","death_date":"1785-06-15","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":68.26,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pilatre%20de%20Rozier.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Georg Wilhelm Steller","wikidata":"Q57222","description":"Explorer and zoologist famous for discovering Steller's Sea Lion","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1709-03-10","death_date":"1746-11-14","country":null,"citizenship":"Russian Empire; Holy Roman Empire","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":68.25,"image":null}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Étienne Bézout","wikidata":"Q289471","description":"French mathematician (1730-1783)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1730-03-31","death_date":"1783-09-27","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":5,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":68.16,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Etienne%20Bezout2.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Antoine-Jérôme Balard","wikidata":"Q314306","description":"French chemist (1802–1876)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1802-09-30","death_date":"1876-03-30","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":68.12,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Antoine-Jerome%20Balard.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Robert Luther","wikidata":"Q77050","description":"German astronomer (1822–1900)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1822-04-16","death_date":"1900-02-15","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia","birth_country":"POL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":67.82,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Robert%20Luther%20(Medal).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Friedrich Hund","wikidata":"Q61201","description":"German physicist (1896-1997)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1896-02-04","death_date":"1997-03-31","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":67.63,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hund%2C%20Friedrich%201920er%20G%C3%B6ttingen.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Petrus Plancius","wikidata":"Q333534","description":"Dutch-Flemish astronomer, cartographer and clergyman","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1552","death_date":"1622-05-15","country":null,"citizenship":"Dutch Republic","birth_country":"BEL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":67.62,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Petrus%20Plancius.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Jean Charles Léonard de Sismondi","wikidata":"Q124073","description":"Swiss economist and historian (1773-1842)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1773-05-09","death_date":"1842-06-25","country":null,"citizenship":"Switzerland; France","birth_country":"CHE","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":67.31,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jean%20Charles%20Simonde%20de%20Sismondi%20(1773-1842).png?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"W. Edwards Deming","wikidata":"Q311472","description":"American professor, author, and consultant (1900-1993)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1900-10-14","death_date":"1993-12-20","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":67.21,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/W.%20Edwards%20Deming.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Pierre Louis Dulong","wikidata":"Q281020","description":"French scientist (1785-1838)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1785-02-12","death_date":"1838-07-19","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":66.99,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pierre%20louis%20dulong.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Félix Savart","wikidata":"Q711509","description":"French physicist (1791–1841)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1791-06-30","death_date":"1841-03-16","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":66.98,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Interior%20of%20Institut%20de%20France%2C%20Paris%206th%20013.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Heinrich Gustav Magnus","wikidata":"Q44318","description":"German chemist and physicist (1802–1870)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1802-05-02","death_date":"1870-04-04","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":66.4,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Heinrich%20Gustav%20Magnus.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Liisi Oterma","wikidata":"Q232856","description":"Finnish astronomer","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1915-01-06","death_date":"2001-04-04","country":"FIN","citizenship":"Finland","birth_country":"FIN","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":66.39,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Liisi%20Oterma.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1645,"name":"Konstantinos Carathéodory","wikidata":"Q65332","description":"Greek mathematician (1873-1950)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1873-09-13","death_date":"1950-02-02","country":null,"citizenship":"Greece; Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":66.15,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Caratheodory%20constantin.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Albrecht Penck","wikidata":"Q76756","description":"German geologist and geographer (1858–1945)","occupation":"Geographer","birth_date":"1858-09-25","death_date":"1945-03-07","country":null,"citizenship":"German Empire; Kingdom of Saxony; Nazi Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":66.01,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Albrecht%20Penck.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Waldemar Haffkine","wikidata":"Q2142351","description":"bacteriologist (1856–1930)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1856-03-15","death_date":"1930-10-25","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"UKR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":65.95,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Waldemar%20Haffkine%202.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"James Dunlop","wikidata":"Q375158","description":"Australian astronomer (1793–1848)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1793-10-31","death_date":"1848-09-22","country":"AUS","citizenship":"Australia","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":65.94,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/James%20Dunlop%2C%20ca.%201843%20oil%20portrait%20by%20Joseph%20Backler%20a2448001h.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Eugène Charles Catalan","wikidata":"Q41485","description":"French and Belgian mathematician (1814–1894)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1814-05-30","death_date":"1894-02-14","country":null,"citizenship":"Belgium; France","birth_country":"BEL","notable_works":8,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":65.89,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Eugene%20charles%20catalan.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Ingrid van Houten-Groeneveld","wikidata":"Q231642","description":"Dutch astronomer (1921–2015)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1921-10-21","death_date":"2015-03-30","country":"NLD","citizenship":"Kingdom of the Netherlands","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":65.68,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ingrid%20van%20Houten-Groeneveld.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Albert Günther","wikidata":"Q57514","description":"Anglo-German zoologist (1830–1914)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1830-10-03","death_date":"1914-02-01","country":null,"citizenship":"Germany; United Kingdom","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":65.56,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gunther%20Albert%201830-1914.png?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Johann Friedrich von Brandt","wikidata":"Q57361","description":"German naturalist (1802–1879)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1802-05-25","death_date":"1879-07-15","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia; Russian Empire","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":65.32,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Johann-Friedrich-Brandt.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Charles Sturm","wikidata":"Q123485","description":"mathematician from Geneva (1803-1855)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1803-09-29","death_date":"1855-12-18","country":null,"citizenship":"Switzerland; France","birth_country":"CHE","notable_works":5,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":65.29,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Charles%20Fran%C3%A7ois%20Sturm.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Adam Sedgwick","wikidata":"Q350891","description":"English geologist (1785–1873)","occupation":"Geologist","birth_date":"1785-03-22","death_date":"1873-01-27","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Great Britain; United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":65.25,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Adam%20Sedgwick.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Frans de Waal","wikidata":"Q303350","description":"Dutch primatologist and ethologist (1948–2024)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1948-10-29","death_date":"2024-03-14","country":"NLD","citizenship":"Kingdom of the Netherlands","birth_country":"NLD","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":64.85,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Frans%20de%20Waal.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Vladimir Shukhov","wikidata":"Q313210","description":"Russian engineer-polymath, scientist and architect (1853-1939)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1853-08-28","death_date":"1939-02-02","country":null,"citizenship":"Russian Empire; Soviet Union","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":4,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":64.44,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Vladimir%20Grigoryevich%20Shukhov%201891.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Eduard Rüppell","wikidata":"Q60542","description":"German naturalist and explorer (1794-1884)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1794-11-20","death_date":"1884-12-10","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":64.24,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/R%C3%BCppell%20Eduard%201794-1844.png?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Kunihiko Kodaira","wikidata":"Q333918","description":"Japanese mathematician (1915–1997)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1915-03-16","death_date":"1997-07-26","country":"JPN","citizenship":"Japan","birth_country":"JPN","notable_works":7,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":63.95,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Kodaira%20Kunihiko.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Emil Artin","wikidata":"Q57283","description":"Austrian-Armenian mathematician (1898–1962)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1898-03-03","death_date":"1962-12-20","country":null,"citizenship":"Austria; United States; Germany","birth_country":"AUT","notable_works":21,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":63.92,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/EmilArtin.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Robert Ballard","wikidata":"Q312867","description":"United States Navy officer, oceanographer and underwater archaeologist","occupation":"Archaeologist","birth_date":"1942-06-30","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":63.9,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Dr.%20Ballard%20visit%202023%20(52976464273)%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Patrick Geddes","wikidata":"Q381848","description":"British biologist, botanist and town planner (1854-1932)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1854-10-02","death_date":"1932-04-17","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom; France","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":63.18,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Patrick%20Geddes%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Shiing-Shen Chern","wikidata":"Q328131","description":"Chinese-American mathematician and poet (1911-2004)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1911-10-26","death_date":"2004-12-03","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; People's Republic of China","birth_country":"CHN","notable_works":6,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":63.11,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Shiing-shen%20Chern%201988%20(re-scanned)%20(cropped-1).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Lars Hörmander","wikidata":"Q333941","description":"Swedish mathematician (1931–2012)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1931-01-24","death_date":"2012-11-25","country":"SWE","citizenship":"Sweden","birth_country":"SWE","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":63.09,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Lars%20H%C3%B6rmander.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"John Henry Poynting","wikidata":"Q470590","description":"British physicist (1852-1914)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1852-09-09","death_date":"1914-03-30","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":62.56,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/John%20Henry%20Poynting.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"George Albert Boulenger","wikidata":"Q435731","description":"Belgian-British zoologist (1858–1937), member of the Accademia delle Scienze di Torino from 1900","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1858-10-19","death_date":"1937-11-23","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom; Belgium; France","birth_country":"BEL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":61.7,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Boulenger%20George%201858-1937.png?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Hermann Bondi","wikidata":"Q380235","description":"Austrian-British mathematician and cosmologist","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1919-11-01","death_date":"2005-09-10","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"AUT","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":61.41,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hermann%20Bondi%2C%201968%2C%20opening%20ESTEC.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Mildred Dresselhaus","wikidata":"Q29573","description":"American physicist (1930-2017)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1930-11-11","death_date":"2017-02-20","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":61.28,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Barack%20Obama%20greets%20Burton%20Richter%20and%20Mildred%20Dresselhaus%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Vernor Vinge","wikidata":"Q312405","description":"American mathematician, computer scientist, and science fiction writer (1944–2024)","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1944-10-02","death_date":"2024-03-20","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":61.16,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Vernor%20Vinge%20small.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Sandra Faber","wikidata":"Q266972","description":"American astrophysicist","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1944-12-28","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":61.03,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sandra-faber-barack-obama%20(cropped).png?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"E. F. Schumacher","wikidata":"Q76526","description":"British economist (1911–1977)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1911-08-16","death_date":"1977-09-04","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":60.16,"image":null}
{"rank":1645,"name":"John William Draper","wikidata":"Q472490","description":"British-American academic (1811-1882)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1811-05-05","death_date":"1882-01-04","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":60.12,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/John%20William%20Draper.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Beatrice Tinsley","wikidata":"Q451660","description":"New Zealand astronomer (1941–1981)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1941-01-27","death_date":"1981-03-23","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":59.42,"image":null}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Harold Laski","wikidata":"Q470890","description":"British academic (1893-1950)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1893-06-30","death_date":"1950-03-24","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":59.12,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Harold%20Laski%201936.JPG?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Michael Freedman","wikidata":"Q333494","description":"American mathematician","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1951-04-21","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":58.58,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Michael%20Freedman%2C%202010%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Kathleen Lonsdale","wikidata":"Q7513","description":"Irish crystallographer (1903-1971)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1903-01-28","death_date":"1971-04-01","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"IRL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":58.53,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Kathleen%20Yardley%20Lonsdale%20(1903-1971).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Gladys West","wikidata":"Q48399950","description":"American mathematician (1930–2026)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1930-10-27","death_date":"2026-01-17","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":4,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":57.14,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/181206-F-DT527-087.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Eugene Kaspersky","wikidata":"Q4864","description":"Russian specialist in the information security field","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1965-10-04","death_date":null,"country":"RUS","citizenship":"Russia","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":56.8,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Eugene%20Kaspersky%20Headshot.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Vitalik Buterin","wikidata":"Q16197959","description":"Russian-Canadian computer scientist","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1994-01-31","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"Montenegro; Canada; Russia","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":55.17,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/VitalikButerinProfile.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Jacob Bronowski","wikidata":"Q374117","description":"Polish-born British mathematician (1908–1974)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1908-01-18","death_date":"1974-08-22","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"POL","notable_works":4,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":54.78,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/J%20Bronowski.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Jessica Meir","wikidata":"Q4795114","description":"American and Swedish astronaut (born 1977)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1977-07-01","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Sweden","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":49.56,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/NASA%20Candidate%20Jessica%20U%20Meir.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1645,"name":"Kristrún Mjöll Frostadóttir","wikidata":"Q108856371","description":"Icelandic politician","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1988-05-12","death_date":null,"country":"ISL","citizenship":"Iceland","birth_country":"ISL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":38,"hpi":47.46,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/NYCW%202026%20-%20Kristr%C3%BAn%20Frostad%C3%B3ttir%2009%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1712,"name":"Søren Peter Lauritz Sørensen","wikidata":"Q319325","description":"Danish chemist","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1868-01-09","death_date":"1939-02-12","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Denmark","birth_country":"DNK","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":37,"hpi":72.52,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/SPL%20Sorensen.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1712,"name":"Janaki Ammal","wikidata":"Q4794782","description":"Indian botanist (1897-1984)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1897-11-04","death_date":"1984-02-07","country":"IND","citizenship":"India","birth_country":"IND","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":37,"hpi":70.66,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Botanist%20Janaki%20Ammal.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1712,"name":"Gotthelf Fischer von Waldheim","wikidata":"Q57802","description":"Saxon anatomist, entomologist and paleontologist","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1771-10-13","death_date":"1853-10-18","country":null,"citizenship":"Electorate of Saxony; Russian Empire","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":37,"hpi":70.19,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fischer%20von%20Waldheim%201771-1853.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1712,"name":"Lionel Robbins, Baron Robbins","wikidata":"Q335199","description":"British economist (1898–1984)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1898-11-22","death_date":"1984-05-15","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":37,"hpi":69.82,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Lionel%20Robbins.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1712,"name":"Georg von Peuerbach","wikidata":"Q84289","description":"Austrian mathematician and astronomer (1423-1461)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1423-06-08","death_date":"1461-04-17","country":null,"citizenship":null,"birth_country":"AUT","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":37,"hpi":69.01,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Peuerbach-Theoricarum-1515.png?width=320"}
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{"rank":1712,"name":"E. M. Antoniadi","wikidata":"Q312817","description":"Greek astronomer","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1870-03-01","death_date":"1944-02-10","country":null,"citizenship":"Greece; France","birth_country":"TUR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":37,"hpi":67.17,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Eugene%20Antoniadi.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1712,"name":"Robert Michels","wikidata":"Q57314","description":"German sociologist (1876–1936)","occupation":"Sociologist","birth_date":"1876-01-09","death_date":"1936-05-02","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":37,"hpi":66.84,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Robert-michels.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1712,"name":"Oscar Montelius","wikidata":"Q312397","description":"Swedish archaeologist (1843-1921)","occupation":"Archaeologist","birth_date":"1843-09-09","death_date":"1921-11-04","country":"SWE","citizenship":"Sweden","birth_country":"SWE","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":37,"hpi":66.76,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Oscar%20Montelius.%20Photograph.%20Wellcome%20V0026871.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1712,"name":"Adelard of Bath","wikidata":"Q312372","description":"12th-century English natural philosopher","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1075","death_date":"1160","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of England","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":10,"sitelinks":37,"hpi":65.95,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Woman%20teaching%20geometry.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1712,"name":"Gideon Mantell","wikidata":"Q348455","description":"British scientist and obstetrician (1790–1852)","occupation":"Geologist","birth_date":"1790-02-03","death_date":"1852-11-10","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":37,"hpi":65.77,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gideonmantell.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1712,"name":"Auguste Bravais","wikidata":"Q351400","description":"French physicist (1811-1863)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1811-08-23","death_date":"1863-03-30","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":37,"hpi":65.46,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bravais2.gif?width=320"}
{"rank":1712,"name":"John Goodricke","wikidata":"Q375172","description":"Dutch astronomer (1764-1786)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1764-09-17","death_date":"1786-04-20","country":"NLD","citizenship":"Kingdom of the Netherlands","birth_country":"NLD","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":37,"hpi":65.44,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Goodricke%20John.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1712,"name":"Fritz London","wikidata":"Q57938","description":"German-American physicist (1900-1954)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1900-03-07","death_date":"1954-03-30","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Germany","birth_country":"POL","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":37,"hpi":65.2,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/London%2CFritz%201928%20M%C3%BCnchen.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1712,"name":"Christian Leopold von Buch","wikidata":"Q55021352","description":"German geologist (1774-1853)","occupation":"Geologist","birth_date":"1774-04-26","death_date":"1853-03-04","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":37,"hpi":65.09,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Leopold%20von%20Buch%2C%20Carl%20Josef%20Begas%2C%20C%20Fischer%20(1850).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1712,"name":"Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville","wikidata":"Q44691","description":"French zoologist and anatomist (1777-1850)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1777-09-12","death_date":"1850-05-01","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":37,"hpi":65.07,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Henri%20Marie%20Ducrotay%20de%20Blainville.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1712,"name":"Takakazu Seki","wikidata":"Q470531","description":"Japanese mathematician","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1642","death_date":"1708-12-05","country":"JPN","citizenship":"Japan","birth_country":"JPN","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":37,"hpi":65.04,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Seki%20Kowa.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1712,"name":"Hermann von Abich","wikidata":"Q62860","description":"German-Russian mineralogist and geologist (1806-1886)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1806-12-11","death_date":"1886-07-01","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia; Russian Empire","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":37,"hpi":64.55,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Otto%20Wilhelm%20Hermann%20von%20Abich%20(Alter%20Fritz).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1712,"name":"William McDougall","wikidata":"Q503315","description":"British psychologist (1871–1938)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1871-06-22","death_date":"1938-11-28","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":37,"hpi":64.24,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/W.S.%20Culbertson%2C%20J.S.%20Reeves%2C%20Royal%20Meeker%2C%20Dew.%20C.%20Poole%2C%20H.H.%20Kerr%2C%20B.M.%20Bakhmetieff%2C%20W.%20Westermann%2C%20Wm.%20McDougall%2C%20L.S.%20Rowe%2C%20G.H.%20Blakeslee%2C%20and%20W.W.%20McLaren%20LCCN2014716482%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1712,"name":"Lennart Carleson","wikidata":"Q343420","description":"Swedish mathematician","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1928-03-18","death_date":null,"country":"SWE","citizenship":"Sweden","birth_country":"SWE","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":37,"hpi":63.96,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Carleson%20cropped.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1712,"name":"Samuel Goudsmit","wikidata":"Q560839","description":"Dutch-American physicist (1902–1978)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1902-07-11","death_date":"1978-12-04","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of the Netherlands; United States","birth_country":"NLD","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":37,"hpi":63.38,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Goudsmit%20Samuel%20A6.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1712,"name":"Erik Acharius","wikidata":"Q365923","description":"Swedish botanist (1757–1819)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1757-10-18","death_date":"1819-08-14","country":"SWE","citizenship":"Sweden","birth_country":"SWE","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":37,"hpi":63.26,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Erik%20Acharius.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1712,"name":"Jacob Bekenstein","wikidata":"Q504448","description":"Mexican-Israeli physicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1947-05-01","death_date":"2015-08-16","country":null,"citizenship":"Mexico; Israel","birth_country":"MEX","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":37,"hpi":63.19,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bekenstein100.JPG?width=320"}
{"rank":1712,"name":"Philip Abelson","wikidata":"Q377815","description":"US physicist, editor of the journal Science, and director of the Carnegie Institution of Washington's Geophysical Laboratory (1913–2004)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1913-04-27","death_date":"2004-08-01","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":37,"hpi":62.98,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Phillip%20H.%20Abelson%20450901-N-NO204-0001.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1712,"name":"Fred Lawrence Whipple","wikidata":"Q319225","description":"American astronomer","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1906-11-05","death_date":"2004-08-30","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":37,"hpi":62.92,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fred%20Whipple%201927.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1712,"name":"Juris Hartmanis","wikidata":"Q92628","description":"Latvian computer scientist (1928–2022)","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1928-07-05","death_date":"2022-07-29","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Latvia","birth_country":"LVA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":37,"hpi":62.75,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/2012-06-15%20Juris%20Hartmanis%20(35414382405).jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1712,"name":"Pyotr Semyonov-Tyan-Shansky","wikidata":"Q326010","description":"Russian geographer, art collector and statistician","occupation":"Geographer","birth_date":"1827-01-14","death_date":"1914-03-11","country":null,"citizenship":"Russian Empire","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":37,"hpi":62.49,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Semenov%20PP.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1712,"name":"Tamara Smirnova","wikidata":"Q235708","description":"Russian astronomer (1935-2001)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1935-12-15","death_date":"2001-09-05","country":"RUS","citizenship":"Russia","birth_country":"UKR","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":37,"hpi":62.41,"image":null}
{"rank":1712,"name":"Daniel Ellsberg","wikidata":"Q431085","description":"American whistleblower (1931–2023)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1931-04-07","death_date":"2023-06-16","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":37,"hpi":62.29,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Daniel%20Ellsberg%20at%201972%20press%20conference%20(cropped%203).jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1712,"name":"Ron Rivest","wikidata":"Q578036","description":"American cryptographer","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1947-05-06","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":37,"hpi":61.15,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ronald%20L%20Rivest%20photo.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1712,"name":"Robert Sapolsky","wikidata":"Q3118802","description":"American neuroendocrinology researcher (b. 1957)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1957-04-06","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":37,"hpi":60.65,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Robert%20Sapolsky%20in%202023%20A%2016.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1712,"name":"Paul Davies","wikidata":"Q535733","description":"British physicist (1946-)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1946-04-22","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom; Australia","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":37,"hpi":59.47,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Paul%20Davies%202016.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1712,"name":"Stephen Cook","wikidata":"Q62870","description":"American-Canadian computer scientist","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1939-12-14","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"Canada; United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":37,"hpi":59.01,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Prof.Cook.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1712,"name":"Efim Zelmanov","wikidata":"Q334054","description":"Russian-american mathematician","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1955-09-07","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":37,"hpi":58.74,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/EfimIZelmanov.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1712,"name":"Aldo Leopold","wikidata":"Q971382","description":"American writer and scientist (1887-1948)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1887-01-11","death_date":"1948-04-21","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":37,"hpi":58.67,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Aldo%20Leopold%2C%201946%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1712,"name":"Charles Fefferman","wikidata":"Q284129","description":"American mathematician","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1949-04-18","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":37,"hpi":56.31,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Charles%20Fefferman.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1712,"name":"Wendelin Werner","wikidata":"Q164369","description":"Mathematician and Fields Medallist","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1968-09-23","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"Germany; France","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":37,"hpi":55.45,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Wendelin%20Werner.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1712,"name":"Audrey Tang","wikidata":"Q15025","description":"Taiwanese activist, politician and free software programmer","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1981-04-18","death_date":null,"country":"TWN","citizenship":"Taiwan","birth_country":"TWN","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":37,"hpi":52.26,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Audrey%20Tang%20at%20SXSW%202025%2002%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1788,"name":"Charles Cooley","wikidata":"Q468172","description":"American sociologist (1864–1929)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1864-08-17","death_date":"1929-05-08","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":73.19,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/CharlesCooley.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1788,"name":"Wilhelm Schickard","wikidata":"Q57403","description":"German astronomer, mathematician","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1592-04-22","death_date":"1635-10-23","country":null,"citizenship":"Duchy of Württemberg","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":72.18,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/C%20Melperger%20-%20Wilhelm%20Schickard%201632.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1788,"name":"Hugh Everett III","wikidata":"Q370046","description":"US physicist and discoverer of the relative-state interpretation of quantum mechanics","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1930-11-11","death_date":"1982-07-19","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":71.68,"image":null}
{"rank":1788,"name":"Édouard Stephan","wikidata":"Q274349","description":"French astronomer (1837–1923)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1837-08-31","death_date":"1923-12-31","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":71.54,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/%C3%89douard%20Jean-Marie%20Stephan.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1788,"name":"Walt Whitman Rostow","wikidata":"Q359560","description":"American economist, political theorist and government official (1916–2003)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1916-10-07","death_date":"2003-02-13","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":71.27,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Advisors%2C%20Walt%20Rostow%20-%20NARA%20-%20192543%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1788,"name":"Colin Renfrew","wikidata":"Q335189","description":"British archaeologist (1937–2024)","occupation":"Archaeologist","birth_date":"1937-07-25","death_date":"2024-11-24","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":70.91,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/TVC%20June%202018%20(29165787578)%20(Renfrew%20cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1788,"name":"Milton H. Erickson","wikidata":"Q311247","description":"American psychiatrist (1901–1980)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1901-12-05","death_date":"1980-03-25","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":70.5,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Erickson%20college.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1788,"name":"Vincenzo Viviani","wikidata":"Q318037","description":"Italian scientist (1622-1703)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1622-04-05","death_date":"1703-09-22","country":null,"citizenship":"Grand Duchy of Tuscany","birth_country":"ITA","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":69,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Vincenzo%20Viviani.jpeg?width=320"}
{"rank":1788,"name":"William Stern","wikidata":"Q57347","description":"German psychologist (1871-1938)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1871-04-29","death_date":"1938-03-27","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":68.86,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/WLStern.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1788,"name":"Carl von Linde","wikidata":"Q61864","description":"German engineer (1842-1934)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1842-06-11","death_date":"1934-11-16","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":67.8,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Carl%20von%20Linde%201925.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1788,"name":"Johan August Arfwedson","wikidata":"Q313568","description":"Swedish chemist (1792-1841)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1792-01-04","death_date":"1841-10-28","country":"SWE","citizenship":"Sweden","birth_country":"SWE","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":67.55,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Berzelius%20Reseanteckningar%20Johan%20Arfwedson.png?width=320"}
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{"rank":1788,"name":"Antoine-Augustin Parmentier","wikidata":"Q360312","description":"French agronomist, naturalist, nutritionist, and hygienist; promoter of the potato as a food source in Europe (1737-1813)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1737-08-12","death_date":"1813-12-17","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":67.43,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Antoine-Auguste%20Parmentier%20(1737-1813)%2C%20agronome%20et%20philanthrope.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1788,"name":"Hermann Schlegel","wikidata":"Q60725","description":"German ornithologist and herpetologist (1804-1884)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1804-06-10","death_date":"1884-01-17","country":null,"citizenship":"Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":66.99,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/HermannSchlegelNeumann.JPG?width=320"}
{"rank":1788,"name":"Charles Fabry","wikidata":"Q319289","description":"French physicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1867-06-11","death_date":"1945-12-11","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":66.79,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Charles%20Fabry.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1788,"name":"Dorothy Vaughan","wikidata":"Q22915129","description":"African-American mathematician","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1910-09-20","death_date":"2008-11-10","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":66.5,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Dorothy%20Johnson%20Vaughan.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1788,"name":"Gösta Mittag-Leffler","wikidata":"Q357154","description":"Swedish mathematician (1846–1927)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1846-03-16","death_date":"1927-07-07","country":"SWE","citizenship":"Sweden","birth_country":"SWE","notable_works":7,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":66.19,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Magnus%20Goesta%20Mittag-Leffler%201.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1788,"name":"Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius","wikidata":"Q77131","description":"German botanist (1794-1868)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1794-04-17","death_date":"1868-12-13","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Bavaria","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":66.13,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Carl%20Friedrich%20Philipp%20von%20Martius.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1788,"name":"Ferdinand Georg Frobenius","wikidata":"Q57228","description":"German mathematician (1849–1917)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1849-10-26","death_date":"1917-08-03","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":17,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":66.07,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/GeorgFrobenius%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1788,"name":"Alphonse Pyramus de Candolle","wikidata":"Q123807","description":"Swiss botanist (1806-1893)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1806-10-27","death_date":"1893-04-04","country":null,"citizenship":"France; Switzerland","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":66.02,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pyrame%20de%20Candolle%2C%20Alphonse%20Louis%2C%20BNF%20Gallica.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1788,"name":"Stanley Fischer","wikidata":"Q447236","description":"Israeli-American economist","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1943-10-15","death_date":"2025-05-31","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Israel","birth_country":"ZMB","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":66,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Stanley%20Fischer%20(14152693510).jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1788,"name":"Wilhelm Beer","wikidata":"Q60133","description":"astronomer and banker (1797–1850)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1797-01-04","death_date":"1850-03-27","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":65.98,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Wilhelm%20Beer.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1788,"name":"Alexandre Brongniart","wikidata":"Q442937","description":"French chemist, mineralogist, and zoologist (1770–1847)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1770-02-05","death_date":"1847-10-07","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":65.55,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/AlexBrongniart.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1788,"name":"Louis Poinsot","wikidata":"Q382107","description":"French mathematician and physicist (1777-1859)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1777-01-03","death_date":"1859-12-05","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":65.4,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pointsot2.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1788,"name":"S. R. Ranganathan","wikidata":"Q457933","description":"Indian mathematician and librarian (1892–1972)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1892-08-12","death_date":"1972-09-27","country":"IND","citizenship":"India","birth_country":"IND","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":65.18,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/PORTRAIT%20OF%20SR%20RANGANATHAN.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1788,"name":"Robert Grant Aitken","wikidata":"Q375178","description":"American astronomer (1864–1951)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1864-12-31","death_date":"1951-10-29","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":64.9,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Robertgrantaitken.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1788,"name":"Heinrich Friedrich Link","wikidata":"Q215466","description":"German naturalist and botanist","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1767-02-02","death_date":"1851-01-01","country":null,"citizenship":"Holy Roman Empire; Kingdom of Hanover","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":64.75,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/H%20F%20Link.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1788,"name":"John Wilkins","wikidata":"Q381039","description":"Secretary of the Royal Society and Bishop of Chester","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1614-02-14","death_date":"1672-11-19","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of England","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":64.44,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bp%20John%20Wilkins.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1788,"name":"André Marie Constant Duméril","wikidata":"Q433043","description":"French zoologist","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1774-01-01","death_date":"1860-08-14","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":64.17,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Andr%C3%A9%20Marie%20Constant%20Dum%C3%A9ril.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1788,"name":"Edward Waring","wikidata":"Q323028","description":"English mathematician","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1736","death_date":"1798-08-15","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Great Britain","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":63.95,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Edwardwaring.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1788,"name":"Erwin Chargaff","wikidata":"Q455944","description":"Ukrainian-born biochemist who emigrated to the United States (1905–2002)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1905-08-11","death_date":"2002-06-20","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Austria","birth_country":"UKR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":63.85,"image":null}
{"rank":1788,"name":"George Bentham","wikidata":"Q731808","description":"British botanist (1800-1884)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1800-09-22","death_date":"1884-09-10","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":63.84,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/GeorgeBentham.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1788,"name":"Eugenio Beltrami","wikidata":"Q371918","description":"Italian mathematician (1835–1900)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1835-11-16","death_date":"1900-02-18","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Italy","birth_country":"ITA","notable_works":10,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":63.83,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Beltrami.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1788,"name":"Georgy Flyorov","wikidata":"Q723033","description":"Soviet physicist (1913-1990)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1913-03-02","death_date":"1990-11-19","country":null,"citizenship":"Soviet Union","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":62.65,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/RUSMARKA-1660.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1788,"name":"Louis Harold Gray","wikidata":"Q551288","description":"British physicist (1905-1965)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1905-11-10","death_date":"1965-07-09","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":62.61,"image":null}
{"rank":1788,"name":"Joseph Weizenbaum","wikidata":"Q75778","description":"German-American computer scientist (1923–2008)","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1923-01-08","death_date":"2008-03-05","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":62.52,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Joseph%20Weizenbaum.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1788,"name":"Carl Ludwig Siegel","wikidata":"Q61721","description":"German mathematician (1896-1981)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1896-12-31","death_date":"1981-04-04","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":13,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":62.45,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Carl%20Ludwig%20Siegel.jpeg?width=320"}
{"rank":1788,"name":"Nikolai Severtzov","wikidata":"Q461129","description":"Russian ornithologist (1827-1885)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1827-11-05","death_date":"1885-02-07","country":null,"citizenship":"Russian Empire","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":62.38,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%86%D0%BE%D0%B2%20%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%20%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1788,"name":"Yuri Knorozov","wikidata":"Q407741","description":"Soviet and Russian mesoamericanist (1922-1999)","occupation":"Archaeologist","birth_date":"1922-11-19","death_date":"1999-03-30","country":"RUS","citizenship":"Russia","birth_country":"UKR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":62.3,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Yuri%20Knorozov%202022%20stamp%20of%20Russia.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1788,"name":"Henry Fairfield Osborn","wikidata":"Q312069","description":"American geologist (1857–1935)","occupation":"Anthropologist","birth_date":"1857-08-08","death_date":"1935-11-06","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":62.13,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Professor%20Henry%20Fairfield%20Osborn.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1788,"name":"Allen Newell","wikidata":"Q439245","description":"American cognitive scientist (1927–1992)","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1927-03-19","death_date":"1992-07-19","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":62.11,"image":null}
{"rank":1788,"name":"John Bates Clark","wikidata":"Q704893","description":"American neoclassical economist (1847–1938)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1847-01-26","death_date":"1938-03-21","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":62.04,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/John%20Bates%20Clark.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1788,"name":"Lev Berg","wikidata":"Q44704","description":"Russian and Soviet geographer, biologist and ichthyologist (1876–1950)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1876-03-14","death_date":"1950-12-24","country":null,"citizenship":"Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic; Russian Empire; Russian Republic; Soviet Union","birth_country":"MDA","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":61.95,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Lev%20Berg%201920.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1788,"name":"Karine Jean-Pierre","wikidata":"Q28957228","description":"French-American political advisor and White House Press Secretary from 2022-2025","occupation":"Political scientist","birth_date":"1974-08-13","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"MTQ","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":61.1,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Karine%20Jean-Pierre%20at%20the%20White%20House%20on%204%20December%202023%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1788,"name":"Carlo Rovelli","wikidata":"Q1042470","description":"Italian physicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1956-05-03","death_date":null,"country":"ITA","citizenship":"Italy","birth_country":"ITA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":61,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Carlo%20Rovelli%20no%20Fronteiras%20do%20Pensamento%20S%C3%A3o%20Paulo%202017%20(34781380545).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1788,"name":"David D. Friedman","wikidata":"Q353915","description":"American economist, physicist, legal scholar, and libertarian theorist","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1945-02-12","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":60.44,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/David%20Friedman%20by%20Gage%20Skidmore.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1788,"name":"Alfred Aho","wikidata":"Q62898","description":"Canadian computer scientist","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1941-08-09","death_date":null,"country":"CAN","citizenship":"Canada","birth_country":"CAN","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":60.4,"image":null}
{"rank":1788,"name":"Dennis Sullivan","wikidata":"Q726376","description":"American mathematician","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1941-02-12","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":60.16,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Dennis%20Sullivan%20at%20MSRI%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1788,"name":"Robert D. Putnam","wikidata":"Q351815","description":"American political scientist","occupation":"Political scientist","birth_date":"1941-01-09","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":59.72,"image":null}
{"rank":1788,"name":"Kristen Nygaard","wikidata":"Q92744","description":"Computer scientist, Mathematician (1926-2002)","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1926-08-27","death_date":"2002-08-10","country":"NOR","citizenship":"Norway","birth_country":"NOR","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":59.03,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Kristen-Nygaard-SBLP-1997-head.png?width=320"}
{"rank":1788,"name":"Gary Kildall","wikidata":"Q92627","description":"American computer scientist and entrepreneur (1942–1994)","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1942-05-19","death_date":"1994-07-11","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":59.02,"image":null}
{"rank":1788,"name":"Gene Amdahl","wikidata":"Q62890","description":"American physicist (1922-2015)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1922-11-16","death_date":"2015-11-10","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":58.95,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Amdahl%20march%2013%202008.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1788,"name":"John Playfair","wikidata":"Q389666","description":"Scottish scientist and mathematician (1748-1819)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1748-03-10","death_date":"1819-07-20","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":58.21,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/John%20Playfair%20by%20Sir%20Henry%20Raeburn.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1788,"name":"Jean-Christophe Yoccoz","wikidata":"Q369600","description":"French mathematician (1957-2016)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1957-05-29","death_date":"2016-09-03","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":58.02,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jean-Christophe%20Yoccoz.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1788,"name":"Jean Bourgain","wikidata":"Q260802","description":"Belgian mathematician and Fields Medalist (1954-2018)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1954-02-28","death_date":"2018-12-22","country":"BEL","citizenship":"Belgium","birth_country":"BEL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":57.72,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jean%20Bourgain%20(vertical%20crop).jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1788,"name":"Maxim Kontsevich","wikidata":"Q369588","description":"Russian-born French mathematician and Fields Medallist","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1964-08-25","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"France; Russia","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":56.18,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/MaximKontsevich.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1788,"name":"Sevil Shhaideh","wikidata":"Q21095868","description":"Romanian politician","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1964-12-04","death_date":null,"country":"ROU","citizenship":"Romania","birth_country":"ROU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":51.24,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sevil-Shhaideh-2015%20(cropped).JPG?width=320"}
{"rank":1788,"name":"Fei-Fei Li","wikidata":"Q18686107","description":"American computer scientist","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1976-07-03","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"CHN","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":49.49,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fei-Fei%20Li%20at%20AI%20for%20Good%202017.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1788,"name":"Akshay Venkatesh","wikidata":"Q176588","description":"Australian number theorist","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1981-11-21","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"India; Australia","birth_country":"IND","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":36,"hpi":44.04,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Akshay%20Venkatesh%202014%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1867,"name":"George O. Abell","wikidata":"Q142922","description":"American astronomer (1927—1983)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1927-03-01","death_date":"1983-10-07","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":35,"hpi":69.32,"image":null}
{"rank":1867,"name":"Harold Lasswell","wikidata":"Q314462","description":"American political scientist (1902-1978)","occupation":"Political scientist","birth_date":"1902-02-13","death_date":"1978-12-18","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":35,"hpi":69.16,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Harolddwightlasswell.png?width=320"}
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{"rank":1867,"name":"Karl Bühler","wikidata":"Q58851","description":"German psychologist (1879–1963)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1879-05-27","death_date":"1963-10-24","country":null,"citizenship":"Austria; United States","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":35,"hpi":68.37,"image":null}
{"rank":1867,"name":"Friedrich Sertürner","wikidata":"Q213655","description":"German pharmacist (1783–1841)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1783-06-19","death_date":"1841-02-20","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia; Prince-Bishopric of Paderborn","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":35,"hpi":68.1,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Friedrich%20Wilhelm%20Adam%20Sertuerner.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1867,"name":"Charles Proteus Steinmetz","wikidata":"Q60677","description":"Prussian-American mathematician, electrical engineer (1865–1923)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1865-04-09","death_date":"1923-10-26","country":null,"citizenship":"Germany; United States","birth_country":"POL","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":35,"hpi":67.44,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Charles%20Proteus%20Steinmetz.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1867,"name":"Joseph Nye","wikidata":"Q210362","description":"American political scientist","occupation":"Political scientist","birth_date":"1937-01-19","death_date":"2025-05-06","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":35,"hpi":67.38,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Portrait%20of%20Dr.%20Joseph%20S.%20Nye%2C%20Jr.%2C%20Assistant%20Secretary%20of%20Defense%2C%20International%20Security%20Affairs.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1867,"name":"Jean Baptiste Bourguignon d'Anville","wikidata":"Q733907","description":"French cartographer and geographer (1697–1782)","occupation":"Geographer","birth_date":"1697-07-11","death_date":"1782-01-28","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":35,"hpi":66.25,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jean%20Baptiste%20d'Anville.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1867,"name":"Eugène Joseph Delporte","wikidata":"Q20009","description":"Belgian astronomer (1882–1955)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1882-01-10","death_date":"1955-10-19","country":"BEL","citizenship":"Belgium","birth_country":"BEL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":35,"hpi":65.93,"image":null}
{"rank":1867,"name":"Stephen Hales","wikidata":"Q312017","description":"British scientist (1677-1761)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1677-09-17","death_date":"1761-01-04","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Great Britain","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":35,"hpi":65.83,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hales%20Stephen.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1867,"name":"Jean-Charles de Borda","wikidata":"Q369762","description":"French scientist, political advisor and sailor (1733-1799)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1733-05-04","death_date":"1799-02-19","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":4,"sitelinks":35,"hpi":65.31,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jean%20Charles%20Borda.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1867,"name":"E. E. Evans-Pritchard","wikidata":"Q150379","description":"British anthropologist (1902–1973)","occupation":"Anthropologist","birth_date":"1902-09-21","death_date":"1973-09-11","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":35,"hpi":65.28,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bust%20of%20E.%20E.%20Evans-Pritchard.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1867,"name":"Leopold Fitzinger","wikidata":"Q93568","description":"Austrian zoologist (1802-1884)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1802-04-13","death_date":"1884-09-22","country":null,"citizenship":"Austria–Hungary; Austrian Empire","birth_country":"AUT","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":35,"hpi":64.45,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Leopold%20Josef%20Fitzinger.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1867,"name":"George Johnstone Stoney","wikidata":"Q734412","description":"Anglo-Irish physicist (1826-1911)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1826-02-15","death_date":"1911-07-05","country":"IRL","citizenship":"Ireland","birth_country":"IRL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":35,"hpi":64.13,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/PSM%20V79%20D211%20George%20Johnston%20Stoney.png?width=320"}
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{"rank":1867,"name":"Ilan Pappé","wikidata":"Q462874","description":"Israeli-British historian (born 1954)","occupation":"Political scientist","birth_date":"1954-11-07","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"Israel; United Kingdom","birth_country":"ISR","notable_works":4,"sitelinks":35,"hpi":60.94,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ilan%20Pappe%202023.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1867,"name":"Pierre-Louis Lions","wikidata":"Q334030","description":"French mathematician and Fields Medalist","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1956-08-11","death_date":null,"country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":35,"hpi":57.75,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pierre-Louis%20Lions%20par%20Philippe%20Binant.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1867,"name":"Manuel Blum","wikidata":"Q92626","description":"Venezuelan computer scientist","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1938-04-26","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Venezuela","birth_country":"VEN","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":35,"hpi":57.49,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Blum%20manuel%20lenore%20avrim.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1867,"name":"Seth Godin","wikidata":"Q439396","description":"American entrepreneur, author and public speaker (b. 1960)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1960-07-10","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":35,"hpi":55.51,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Seth%20Godin%20in%202009.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1867,"name":"Sathamangalam Ranga Iyengar Srinivasa Varadhan","wikidata":"Q370247","description":"Indian-American mathematician (1940–)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1940-01-02","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"India; United States","birth_country":"IND","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":35,"hpi":54.53,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Srinivasa%20Varadhan%20Heidelberg.JPG?width=320"}
{"rank":1867,"name":"Andrei Okounkov","wikidata":"Q315425","description":"Russian mathematician","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1969-07-26","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Russia","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":35,"hpi":53.05,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Andrei%20Okounkov%202018.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1867,"name":"Yoshua Bengio","wikidata":"Q3572699","description":"Canadian computer scientist (born 1964)","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1964-03-05","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"France; Canada","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":35,"hpi":53.01,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Yoshua%20Bengio%202019%20cropped.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1867,"name":"Richard Borcherds","wikidata":"Q334010","description":"British-American mathematician (born 1959)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1959-11-29","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"United States; United Kingdom","birth_country":"ZAF","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":35,"hpi":52.34,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Richard%20Borcherds%2C%201993%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1867,"name":"Gita Gopinath","wikidata":"Q5565024","description":"Indian-American economist","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1971-12-08","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"IND","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":35,"hpi":44.54,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gita%20Gopinath%2C%202012%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1867,"name":"Sabrina Pasterski","wikidata":"Q22092846","description":"American theoretical physicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1993-06-03","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"Cuba; United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":35,"hpi":40.11,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sabrina%20Gonzalez%20Pasterski%202017%203.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Thomas Midgley","wikidata":"Q324992","description":"American chemist and engineer (1889–1944)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1889-05-18","death_date":"1944-11-02","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":74.02,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Portrait%20of%20Thomas%20Midgley%20Jr..jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Paolo dal Pozzo Toscanelli","wikidata":"Q321563","description":"Florentine astronomer","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1397-04-29","death_date":"1482-05-19","country":null,"citizenship":"Republic of Florence","birth_country":"ITA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":71.41,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Paolo%20dal%20Pozzo%20Toscanelli%201.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Donald Winnicott","wikidata":"Q451348","description":"British pediatric psychiatrist and psychoanalyst (1896–1971)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1896-04-07","death_date":"1971-01-25","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":70.89,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Donald%20Woods%20Winnicott.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Mary-Anne Paulzzze Lavoisier","wikidata":"Q7229","description":"French chemist and painter (1758-1836)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1758-01-20","death_date":"1836-02-10","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":70.87,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/David%20-%20Portrait%20of%20Monsieur%20Lavoisier%20and%20His%20Wife%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1953,"name":"Al-ʻIjliyyah","wikidata":"Q12242407","description":"Syrian scientist, mathematician, and astronomer, astrolabe maker","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"0950","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"Hamdanid dynasty","birth_country":"SYR","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":69.3,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Astrolabio%20andalus%C3%AD%20Toledo%201067%20(M.A.N.)%2004.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Seymour Martin Lipset","wikidata":"Q352959","description":"American sociologist (1922–2006)","occupation":"Sociologist","birth_date":"1922-03-18","death_date":"2006-12-31","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":69.18,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Seymour%20Lipset%20Trim%20Edit.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1953,"name":"John Tate","wikidata":"Q351822","description":"American mathematician (1925-2019)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1925-03-13","death_date":"2019-10-16","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":17,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":69.04,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/John%20Tate.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Fritz Perls","wikidata":"Q60750","description":"German-born psychiatrist, psychoanalyst and psychotherapist (1893-1970)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1893-07-08","death_date":"1970-03-14","country":null,"citizenship":"South Africa; United States","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":68.9,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fritz%20Perls.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Johannes Trithemius","wikidata":"Q60178","description":"German writer (1462-1516)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1462-02-10","death_date":"1516-12-23","country":null,"citizenship":"Holy Roman Empire","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":68.46,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Trithemiusmoredetail.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Karl Abraham","wikidata":"Q71027","description":"German psychoanalyst (1877–1925)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1877-05-03","death_date":"1925-12-25","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":68.34,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Karl%20Abraham%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Louis Jacques Thénard","wikidata":"Q327722","description":"French chemist (1777-1857)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1777-05-04","death_date":"1857-06-21","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":68.23,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Louis%20Jacques%20Th%C3%A9nard.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1953,"name":"Robert Reich","wikidata":"Q718828","description":"American political economist (1946–)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1946-06-24","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":67.99,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Robert%20Reich.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1953,"name":"Ciriaco de' Pizzicolli","wikidata":"Q558074","description":"15th-century Italian humanist and antiquarian","occupation":"Archaeologist","birth_date":"1391-08-08","death_date":"1452","country":null,"citizenship":"Byzantine Empire; Republic of Ancona","birth_country":"ITA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":67.84,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ciriaco%20d'Ancona%20di%20Benozzo%20Gozzoli.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Stanislav Grof","wikidata":"Q508620","description":"Czech pychiatrist","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1931-07-01","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"CZE","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":67.75,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0%20%D1%96%20%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%20%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%20(Christina%20and%20Stanislav%20Grof)%20(cropped).JPG?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Victor D'Hondt","wikidata":"Q313248","description":"Belgian jurist (1841-1901)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1841-11-20","death_date":"1901-05-30","country":"BEL","citizenship":"Belgium","birth_country":"BEL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":67.37,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Victor%20D'Hondt%20(1841-1901)%20.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Christoph Scheiner","wikidata":"Q57466","description":"German jesuit and astronomer (1573-1650)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1573-07-25","death_date":"1650-07-18","country":null,"citizenship":"Holy Roman Empire","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":10,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":67.24,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Scheiner%20christoph.gif?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Hermann Goldschmidt","wikidata":"Q77022","description":"German-French astronomer and painter (1802-1866)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1802-06-17","death_date":"1866-08-30","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":67.21,"image":null}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Walther Flemming","wikidata":"Q60423","description":"German biologist (1843–1905)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1843-04-21","death_date":"1905-08-04","country":null,"citizenship":"Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":67.01,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Walther%20flemming.gif?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Paul Watzlawick","wikidata":"Q93781","description":"Austrian-American psychologist and philosopher (1921-2007)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1921-07-25","death_date":"2007-03-31","country":null,"citizenship":"Austria; United States","birth_country":"AUT","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":66.95,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Paul%20Watzlawick%20am%20ISC-Symposium%201988%20HSGH%20022-000762%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Johann Hieronymus Schröter","wikidata":"Q77232","description":"German selenographer (1745-1816)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1745-08-30","death_date":"1816-08-29","country":null,"citizenship":"Electorate of Mainz","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":66.8,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Johann%20Hieronymus%20Schr%C3%B6ter.png?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Menaechmus","wikidata":"Q451566","description":"4th-century BC Greek mathematician","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"-379","death_date":"-319","country":"TUR","citizenship":"Alokopennesos","birth_country":"TUR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":66.7,"image":null}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Marcel Grossmann","wikidata":"Q115769","description":"mathematician (1878-1936)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1878-04-09","death_date":"1936-09-07","country":"CHE","citizenship":"Switzerland","birth_country":"HUN","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":66.38,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/ETH-BIB-Grossmann%2C%20Marcel%20(1878-1936)-Portrait-Portr%2001239.tif%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Carl Auer von Welsbach","wikidata":"Q89390","description":"Austrian scientist and inventor (1858-1929)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1858-09-01","death_date":"1929-08-04","country":"AUT","citizenship":"Austria","birth_country":"AUT","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":66.36,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Auer%20von%20Welsbach.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Eric Walter Elst","wikidata":"Q312755","description":"Belgian astronomer (1936–2022)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1936-11-30","death_date":"2022-01-02","country":"BEL","citizenship":"Belgium","birth_country":"BEL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":66.33,"image":null}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Auguste Charlois","wikidata":"Q314273","description":"French astronomer (1864-1910)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1864-11-26","death_date":"1910-03-26","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":66.26,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Auguste%20Charlois.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Urie Bronfenbrenner","wikidata":"Q643339","description":"Russian American developmental psychologist (1917–2005)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1917-04-29","death_date":"2005-09-25","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":66.12,"image":null}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Giovanni Battista Amici","wikidata":"Q178412","description":"Italian astronomer, microscopist, and botanist (1786-1863)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1786-03-23","death_date":"1863-04-10","country":null,"citizenship":"Duchy of Modena and Reggio","birth_country":"ITA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":66.1,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Giovanni%20Battista%20Amici.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Cornelis Johannes van Houten","wikidata":"Q336095","description":"Dutch astronomer (1920–2002)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1920-02-18","death_date":"2002-08-24","country":"NLD","citizenship":"Kingdom of the Netherlands","birth_country":"NLD","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":65.44,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/C.%20J.%20van%20Houten.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Pieter Boddaert","wikidata":"Q438869","description":"Dutch physician and naturalist (1730-1795)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1730-05-26","death_date":"1795-05-06","country":null,"citizenship":"Dutch Republic","birth_country":"NLD","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":65.27,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pieter%20Boddaert.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"William Aiton","wikidata":"Q465898","description":"British botanist","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1731","death_date":"1793-02-02","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Great Britain","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":65.08,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/William%20Aiton.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Henri Milne-Edwards","wikidata":"Q505173","description":"French zoologist (1800-1885)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1800-10-23","death_date":"1885-07-29","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"BEL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":64.9,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Henri%20Milne-Edwards2.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Jean Picard","wikidata":"Q314854","description":"French astronomer","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1620-07-21","death_date":"1682-07-12","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":64.75,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jean%20Picard%20portrait.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Franz Ernst Neumann","wikidata":"Q61774","description":"German physicist and mineralogist (1798-1895)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1798-09-11","death_date":"1895-05-23","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":64.41,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Franz%20Ernst%20Neumann%20by%20Rudolf%20Hoffmann%201856%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1953,"name":"Kazimierz Fajans","wikidata":"Q213667","description":"Polish-American scientist","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1887-05-27","death_date":"1975-05-18","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Poland","birth_country":"POL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":64.29,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Kazimierz%20Fajans.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":1953,"name":"Paul Pelliot","wikidata":"Q368821","description":"French sinologist (1878-1945)","occupation":"Archaeologist","birth_date":"1878-05-28","death_date":"1945-10-26","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":64.17,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pelliotpaul.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Marvin Harris","wikidata":"Q334842","description":"American anthropologist (1927-2001)","occupation":"Anthropologist","birth_date":"1927-08-18","death_date":"2001-10-25","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":64.16,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Marvin%20Harris%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Raymond Dart","wikidata":"Q379590","description":"Australian anatomist and anthropologist (1893-1988)","occupation":"Anthropologist","birth_date":"1893-02-04","death_date":"1988-11-22","country":"AUS","citizenship":"Australia","birth_country":"AUS","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":64.14,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Smithsonian%20Institution%20Archives%20-%20SIA-SIA2008-0845.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Wilbur Scoville","wikidata":"Q739597","description":"American pharmacist (1865–1942)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1865-01-22","death_date":"1942-03-10","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":63.82,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Scoville%2C%20Wilbur%20Prof%20med.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"George Uhlenbeck","wikidata":"Q315439","description":"Dutch physicist (1900–1988)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1900-12-06","death_date":"1988-10-31","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Kingdom of the Netherlands","birth_country":"IDN","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":63.55,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/George%20E%20Uhlenbeck.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Ernst Curtius","wikidata":"Q61407","description":"German archaeologist and historian (1814–1896)","occupation":"Archaeologist","birth_date":"1814-09-02","death_date":"1896-07-11","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Lübeck","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":63.43,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ernst%20Curtius%20-%20Imagines%20philologorum.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Paul Drude","wikidata":"Q61755","description":"German physicist specializing in optics","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1863-07-12","death_date":"1906-07-05","country":null,"citizenship":"Duchy of Brunswick","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":63.42,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Paul%20Drude.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Christian Ludwig Brehm","wikidata":"Q21112","description":"German pastor and ornithologist (1787-1864)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1787-01-24","death_date":"1864-06-23","country":null,"citizenship":"Duchy of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg; Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":63.33,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Christian%20Ludwig%20Brehm%201787-1864.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Marshall Sahlins","wikidata":"Q345300","description":"American anthropologist (1930-2021)","occupation":"Anthropologist","birth_date":"1930-12-27","death_date":"2021-04-05","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":63.24,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Marshall%20David%20Sahlins.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Francis Baily","wikidata":"Q358244","description":"British astronomer","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1774-04-28","death_date":"1844-08-30","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":63.04,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Francis%20Baily%20(The%20Royal%20Astronomical%20Society).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Eugenius Warming","wikidata":"Q355888","description":"Danish botanist (1841–1924)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1841-11-03","death_date":"1924-04-02","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Denmark","birth_country":"DNK","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":62.71,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Eugenius%20Warming%201841-1924.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Joel Asaph Allen","wikidata":"Q502994","description":"American zoologist and ornithologist (1838–1921)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1838-07-19","death_date":"1921-08-29","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":62.55,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Joel%20Asaph%20Allen%201838-1921.png?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"William Wallace Campbell","wikidata":"Q353818","description":"American astronomer (1862–1938)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1862-04-11","death_date":"1938-06-14","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":62.45,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Campbell%20William%20Wallace.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Viktor Goldschmidt","wikidata":"Q213668","description":"Norwegian mineralogist (1888-1947)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1888-01-27","death_date":"1947-03-20","country":"NOR","citizenship":"Norway","birth_country":"CHE","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":62.25,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Victor%20Goldschmidt%20OB.F05887a.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Cheikh Anta Diop","wikidata":"Q521729","description":"Senegalese politician, essayist (1923–1986)","occupation":"Anthropologist","birth_date":"1923-12-29","death_date":"1986-02-07","country":"SEN","citizenship":"Senegal","birth_country":"SEN","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":61.87,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Cheikh%20Anta%20Diop%2C%20late%201940s.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Achille Valenciennes","wikidata":"Q340257","description":"French zoologist, ichthyologist, and malacologist (1794–1865)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1794-08-09","death_date":"1865-04-13","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":61.85,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Achille%20Valenciennes01.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Arthur Tansley","wikidata":"Q450514","description":"British botanist (1871–1955)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1871-08-15","death_date":"1955-11-25","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":61.79,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Arthur-Tansley-1893.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Françoise Dolto","wikidata":"Q63704","description":"French pediatrician & psychoanalyst (1908–1988)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1908-11-06","death_date":"1988-08-25","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":61.54,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fran%C3%A7oise%20Dolto.png?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Roderick Murchison, 1st Baronet","wikidata":"Q361900","description":"British geologist (1792-1871)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1792-02-19","death_date":"1871-10-22","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":61.35,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Roderick%20Murchison.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Mykola Zelinsky","wikidata":"Q435709","description":"Ukrainian chemist (1861–1953)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1861-02-06","death_date":"1953-07-31","country":null,"citizenship":"Soviet Union; Russian Empire","birth_country":"MDA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":61.28,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%20%D0%94%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87%20%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Hermann Hankel","wikidata":"Q61038","description":"German mathematician (1839–1873)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1839-02-14","death_date":"1873-03-29","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":6,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":61,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hankel.jpeg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Stephen Cole Kleene","wikidata":"Q335148","description":"American mathematician and theoretical computer scientist (1909–1994)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1909-01-05","death_date":"1994-01-25","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":13,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":60.65,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Stephen%20Cole%20Kleene.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Iosif Shklovsky","wikidata":"Q93909","description":"Soviet astronomer (1916–1985)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1916-07-01","death_date":"1985-03-03","country":null,"citizenship":"Soviet Union; Russian Empire","birth_country":"UKR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":60.39,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Iosif%20Shklovsky.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Hubert Reeves","wikidata":"Q1356355","description":"Canadian astrophysicist and popularizer of science (1932–2023)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1932-07-13","death_date":"2023-10-13","country":null,"citizenship":"Canada; France","birth_country":"CAN","notable_works":5,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":60.06,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hubert%20Reeves%20Paris%202012.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Ivan Puliui","wikidata":"Q699547","description":"Ukrainian physicist (1845–1918)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1845-02-02","death_date":"1918-01-31","country":null,"citizenship":"Austria–Hungary","birth_country":"UKR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":59.8,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/%D0%86%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%20%D0%9F%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%B9.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Martin Edward Hellman","wikidata":"Q476466","description":"American cryptologist (born 1945)","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1945-10-02","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":59.58,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Martin-Hellman.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Isadore Singer","wikidata":"Q353407","description":"American mathematician (1924–2021)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1924-05-03","death_date":"2021-02-11","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":4,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":59.49,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Isadore%20Singer%201977%20(re-scanned%202%3B%20border-less)%20(cleaned).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Grote Reber","wikidata":"Q380212","description":"American pioneer of radio astronomy (1911–2002)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1911-12-22","death_date":"2002-12-20","country":null,"citizenship":"Australia; United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":59.12,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Grote%20Reber%20detail.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"William Speirs Bruce","wikidata":"Q403186","description":"Scottish marine biologist and polar explorer (1867-1921)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1867-08-01","death_date":"1921-10-28","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":59.08,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/WilliamBruce.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"John Tukey","wikidata":"Q382207","description":"American mathematician (1915-2000)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1915-06-16","death_date":"2000-07-26","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":8,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":58.73,"image":null}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Shigefumi Mori","wikidata":"Q206215","description":"Japanese mathematician","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1951-02-23","death_date":null,"country":"JPN","citizenship":"Japan","birth_country":"JPN","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":58.65,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Shigefumi%20Mori%2020140511.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Barnum Brown","wikidata":"Q23139","description":"American paleontologist (1873-1963)","occupation":"Geologist","birth_date":"1873-02-12","death_date":"1963-02-05","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":58.55,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/BarnumBrown%20Student.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"John Barrow","wikidata":"Q471540","description":"British physicist and mathematician (1952-2020)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1952-11-29","death_date":"2020-09-26","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":57.64,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/John%20Barrow%20-%20fixed%20colors.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"William Kahan","wikidata":"Q92782","description":"Canadian mathematician and computer scientist (born 1933)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1933-06-05","death_date":null,"country":"CAN","citizenship":"Canada","birth_country":"CAN","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":57.44,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/William%20Kahan.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Jan Koum","wikidata":"Q15737800","description":"Ukrainian-born American entrepreneur, co-founder of WhatsApp","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1976-02-24","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"Ukraine; United States","birth_country":"UKR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":57.34,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jan%20Koum%20-%20Whatsapp%20-%204%20Years%20from%20Now%20(12791847664).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Kenneth E. Iverson","wikidata":"Q92629","description":"Canadian computer scientist (1920–2004)","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1920-12-17","death_date":"2004-10-19","country":"CAN","citizenship":"Canada","birth_country":"CAN","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":57.29,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/KEI%20with%20ATW%20NY%20Aug%201989%20(cropped)%20-%20Ken%20Iverson.png?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"David Deutsch","wikidata":"Q543682","description":"British physicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1953-05-18","death_date":null,"country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"ISR","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":57.11,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/David%20Deutsch.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Vaughan Jones","wikidata":"Q369638","description":"New Zealand mathematician and Fields Medalist (1952–2020)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1952-12-31","death_date":"2020-09-06","country":null,"citizenship":"New Zealand; United States","birth_country":"NZL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":56.36,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Vaughan%20Jones%20p1190550.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Bill Joy","wikidata":"Q335047","description":"American computer scientist","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1954-11-08","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":56.06,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bill%20Joy%20at%20World%20Economic%20Forum%20(Davos)%2C%202003-01%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Curtis T. McMullen","wikidata":"Q333959","description":"American mathematician and Fields medallist","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1958-05-21","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":56.01,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Curtis%20T.%20McMullen.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Yukihiro Matsumoto","wikidata":"Q92748","description":"Japanese computer scientist who created the Ruby programming language","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1965-04-14","death_date":null,"country":"JPN","citizenship":"Japan","birth_country":"JPN","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":55.09,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Yukihiro%20Matsumoto%20(2018).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Benjamin Banneker","wikidata":"Q557600","description":"free African American scientist, surveyor, almanac author and farmer (1731–1806)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1731-11-09","death_date":"1806-10-19","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":54.25,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Benjamin%20Banneker%20mural%20cropped.tif?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Raj Reddy","wikidata":"Q92820","description":"Indian-American computer scientist","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1937-06-13","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"United States; India","birth_country":"IND","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":54.2,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/ProfReddys%20Photo%20Cropped.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Artur Ávila","wikidata":"Q715043","description":"Brazilian and French mathematician","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1979-06-29","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"Brazil; France","birth_country":"BRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":52.56,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Artur%20%C3%81vila%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Sri Mulyani Indrawati","wikidata":"Q3177708","description":"Indonesian economist","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1962-08-26","death_date":null,"country":"IDN","citizenship":"Indonesia","birth_country":"IDN","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":49.77,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Finance%20Ministry%20Sri%20Mulyani%20Indrawati%202016.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Raghuram Rajan","wikidata":"Q981496","description":"Indian economist and former governor of Reserve Bank of India","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1963-02-03","death_date":null,"country":"IND","citizenship":"India","birth_country":"IND","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":45.02,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Raghuram%20Rajan%2C%20IMF%2069MS040421048l.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":1953,"name":"Magnus Manske","wikidata":"Q13520818","description":"German biochemist and software developer (born 1974)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1974-05-24","death_date":null,"country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":6,"sitelinks":34,"hpi":44.5,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Magnus-manske-2024%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Anton Pannekoek","wikidata":"Q347930","description":"Dutch astronomer and Marxist theorist (1873-1960)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1873-01-02","death_date":"1960-04-28","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of the Netherlands; Belgium","birth_country":"NLD","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":71.01,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/AntonPannekoek1908.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Calyampudi Radhakrishna Rao","wikidata":"Q711237","description":"Indian-American mathematician (1920–2023)","occupation":"Statistician","birth_date":"1920-09-10","death_date":"2023-08-22","country":null,"citizenship":"India; United States","birth_country":"IND","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":70.33,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Calyampudi%20Radhakrishna%20Rao%20at%20ISI%20Chennai.JPG?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Maurice René Fréchet","wikidata":"Q22662","description":"French mathematician (1878–1973)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1878-09-02","death_date":"1973-06-04","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":11,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":70.25,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Frechet.jpeg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"William Swainson","wikidata":"Q444164","description":"English naturalist and artist (1789–1855)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1789-10-08","death_date":"1855-12-06","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Great Britain; United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":70.05,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Swainson%20William%201789-1855.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Meton of Athens","wikidata":"Q261909","description":"5th century BC Greek astronomer","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"-500","death_date":"-460","country":"GRC","citizenship":"Classical Athens","birth_country":"GRC","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":69.92,"image":null}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Annie Scott Dill Maunder","wikidata":"Q539093","description":"British astronomer (1868-1947)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1868-04-14","death_date":"1947-09-15","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":69.62,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Annie-Scott-Dill-Maunder-ne-Russell.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Gaspard Bauhin","wikidata":"Q123612","description":"Swiss botanist (1560-1624)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1560-01-27","death_date":"1624-12-05","country":"CHE","citizenship":"Switzerland","birth_country":"CHE","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":69.16,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Basel%2C%20Universit%C3%A4tsbibliothek%2C%20AN%20II%204%2C%20f.%2071r%20%E2%80%93%20Matriculation%20Register%20of%20the%20Rectorate%20of%20the%20University%20of%20Basel%2C%20Volume%202%20(1586-1653).JPG?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Michel Rolle","wikidata":"Q323234","description":"French mathematician","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1652-04-21","death_date":"1719-11-08","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":68.85,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Michel%20Rolle.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Johan Gottlieb Gahn","wikidata":"Q353490","description":"Swedish chemist (1745-1818)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1745-08-19","death_date":"1818-12-08","country":"SWE","citizenship":"Sweden","birth_country":"SWE","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":68.78,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gahn%20Johan%20Gottlieb.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Autolycus of Pitane","wikidata":"Q451390","description":"ancient Greek mathematician","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"-359","death_date":"-289","country":null,"citizenship":null,"birth_country":"TUR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":68.73,"image":null}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Albert O. Hirschman","wikidata":"Q215949","description":"German-American economist; member of the French Resistance","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1915-04-07","death_date":"2012-12-10","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":68.71,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Albert%20O.%20Hirschman%2C%201945%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Scipione del Ferro","wikidata":"Q318083","description":"Italian mathematician","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1465-02-15","death_date":"1526-11-15","country":null,"citizenship":"Lordship of Bologna; Papal States","birth_country":"ITA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":68.7,"image":null}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Richard Abegg","wikidata":"Q76771","description":"German chemist (1869-1910)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1869-01-09","death_date":"1910-04-03","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia","birth_country":"POL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":68.55,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Richard%20Abegg%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2040,"name":"August Kopff","wikidata":"Q57432","description":"German astronomer (1882-1960)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1882-02-05","death_date":"1960-04-25","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":67.97,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/August%20Kopff.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2040,"name":"Lewis Fry Richardson","wikidata":"Q163016","description":"UK mathematician & polymath (1881–1953)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1881-10-11","death_date":"1953-09-30","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":67.46,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Lewis%20Fry%20Richardson.png?width=320"}
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{"rank":2040,"name":"Hermann Schwarz","wikidata":"Q61223","description":"German mathematician (1843-1921)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1843-01-25","death_date":"1921-11-30","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"POL","notable_works":13,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":67,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hermann%20Amand%20Schwarz%20(1843-1921)%20by%20Louis%20Zipfel.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Zakariya al-Qazwini","wikidata":"Q144639","description":"Persian scientist (1203–1283)","occupation":"Geographer","birth_date":"1203","death_date":"1283","country":null,"citizenship":null,"birth_country":"IRN","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":66.95,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Seven%20classical%20planets%2C%20by%20Al-Qazwini.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Franz Karl Achard","wikidata":"Q60193","description":"German chemist","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1753-01-28","death_date":"1821-04-20","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":66.91,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Franz%20Karl%20Achard.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Ludwig Reichenbach","wikidata":"Q58053","description":"German botanist and zoologist (1793–1879)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1793-01-08","death_date":"1879-03-17","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Saxony","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":66.86,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Reichenbach%20Ludwig%201793-1879.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Wilhelm Ludwig Johannsen","wikidata":"Q347272","description":"Danish botanist (1857-1927)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1857-02-03","death_date":"1927-11-11","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Denmark","birth_country":"DNK","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":66.77,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Wilhelm%20Johannsen%201857-1927.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Franz Oppenheimer","wikidata":"Q57940","description":"German-Jewish physician, sociologist and political economist (1864-1943)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1864-03-30","death_date":"1943-09-30","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":66.73,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Franz%20oppenheimer%201%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Stephan Endlicher","wikidata":"Q78605","description":"Austrian botanist, linguist and numismatist (1804–1849)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1804-06-24","death_date":"1849-03-28","country":null,"citizenship":"Austrian Empire","birth_country":"SVK","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":66.4,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Endlicher.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Xu Guangqi","wikidata":"Q420427","description":"late-Ming-dynasty Chinese politician, Scholar, Lay Catholic leader and Servant of God (*1562 – †1633)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1562-04-24","death_date":"1633-11-08","country":null,"citizenship":"Ming dynasty","birth_country":"CHN","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":66.3,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/%E5%BE%90%E5%85%89%E5%95%9F.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Axel Fredrik Cronstedt","wikidata":"Q468351","description":"Swedish mineralogist and chemist (1722-1765)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1722-12-23","death_date":"1765-08-19","country":"SWE","citizenship":"Sweden","birth_country":"SWE","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":66.25,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jernkontoret%2C%20Cronstedt.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Théodule-Armand Ribot","wikidata":"Q463441","description":"French psychologist (1839-1916)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1839-12-18","death_date":"1916-12-09","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":66.23,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Th%C3%A9odule%20Ribot.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Gottfried Feder","wikidata":"Q60126","description":"German economist and politician (1883-1941)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1883-01-27","death_date":"1941-09-24","country":null,"citizenship":"German Reich","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":66.18,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bundesarchiv%20Bild%20183-R16259%2C%20Gottfried%20Feder.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Sudha Murthy","wikidata":"Q3520225","description":"Indian writer, philanthropist, author, motivator","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1950-08-19","death_date":null,"country":"IND","citizenship":"India","birth_country":"IND","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":66.17,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sudha%20Murty%20at%20Jaipur%20Literature%20Festival%202026%2001.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Pierre Guillaume Frédéric Le Play","wikidata":"Q452627","description":"French engineer, sociologist and economist (1806-1882)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1806-04-11","death_date":"1882-04-05","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":66.14,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Frederic%20Le%20Play.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"August Grisebach","wikidata":"Q76351","description":"German botanist and phytogeographer (1814-1879)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1814-04-17","death_date":"1879-05-09","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":66.11,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/August%20Heinrich%20Rudolf%20Grisebach.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Hermann Carl Vogel","wikidata":"Q58812","description":"German astronomer (1841-1907)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1841-04-03","death_date":"1907-08-13","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Saxony","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":65.96,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Vogel%20Hermann%20Carl.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Antoine François, comte de Fourcroy","wikidata":"Q446875","description":"French chemist (1755-1809)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1755-06-15","death_date":"1809-12-16","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":65.83,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Portrait%20of%20Antoine%20Francois%2C%20Comte%20de%20Fourcroy%20(1755-1809)%20(Fran%C3%A7ois%20Dumont)%20-%20Nationalmuseum%20-%20177243.tif?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Rudolf Arnheim","wikidata":"Q213642","description":"German psychologist (1904-2007)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1904-07-15","death_date":"2007-06-09","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":65.65,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Rudolf%20Arnheim.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Rudolf Vrba","wikidata":"Q469726","description":"Slovak-Jewish Auschwitz escapee, Canadian biochemist (1924–2006)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1924-09-11","death_date":"2006-03-26","country":"CAN","citizenship":"Canada","birth_country":"SVK","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":65.5,"image":null}
{"rank":2040,"name":"George Atwood","wikidata":"Q441174","description":"English mathematician (1745–1807)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1745-10","death_date":"1807-07-11","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":65.33,"image":null}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Nicole-Reine Lepaute","wikidata":"Q266049","description":"French astronomer (1723-1788)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1723-01-05","death_date":"1788-12-06","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":65.31,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nicole-Reine%20Lepaute.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Anselme Payen","wikidata":"Q560917","description":"French chemist (1795–1871)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1795-01-06","death_date":"1871-05-12","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":65.17,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Anselme%20Payen.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Nathan Rosen","wikidata":"Q370226","description":"American-Israeli physicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1909-03-22","death_date":"1995-12-18","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Israel","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":65.15,"image":null}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Thomas Cavalier-Smith","wikidata":"Q454117","description":"British biologist (1942–2021)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1942-10-21","death_date":"2021-03-19","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":64.85,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Prof.%20Thomas%20Cavalier-Smith%20in%20his%20laboratory%2C%20Oxford%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Richard Cantillon","wikidata":"Q364975","description":"Irish-French economist and banker","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1680","death_date":"1734-05-14","country":null,"citizenship":"France; Ireland","birth_country":"IRL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":64.74,"image":null}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Erik Pontoppidan","wikidata":"Q55071024","description":"Danish author, bishop, historian and antiquary (1698–1764)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1698-08-24","death_date":"1764-12-20","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Denmark","birth_country":"DNK","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":64.58,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Erik%20Pontoppidan%20den%20Yngre.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Harold Garfinkel","wikidata":"Q461121","description":"American sociologist (1917-2011)","occupation":"Sociologist","birth_date":"1917-10-29","death_date":"2011-04-21","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":64.55,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Garfinkel2.TIF?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Charles Friedel","wikidata":"Q366724","description":"French chemist (1832–1899)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1832-03-12","death_date":"1899-04-20","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":64.52,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Charles%20Friedel.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Torbern Bergman","wikidata":"Q201347","description":"Swedish chemist (1735-1784)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1735-03-20","death_date":"1784-07-08","country":"SWE","citizenship":"Sweden","birth_country":"SWE","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":64.39,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Torbern%20Olof%20Bergman.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Wilhelm Schmidt","wikidata":"Q62827","description":"German anthropologist, linguist and historian of religion (1868–1954)","occupation":"Anthropologist","birth_date":"1868-02-16","death_date":"1954-02-10","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":64.38,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Wilhelm%20Schmidt%20SVD.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Friedrich Kohlrausch","wikidata":"Q61090","description":"German physicist (1840-1910)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1840-10-14","death_date":"1910-01-17","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":64.28,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Friedrich%20Kohlrausch.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Otto Wilhelm von Struve","wikidata":"Q58847","description":"Baltic German astronomer (1819–1905)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1819-05-07","death_date":"1905-04-14","country":null,"citizenship":"Russian Empire; German Empire","birth_country":"EST","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":64.21,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ivan%20Nikolayevich%20Kramskoi%20-%20Portrait%20of%20Otto%20Wilhelm%20von%20Struve.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"George William Hill","wikidata":"Q370136","description":"American astronomer and mathematician (1838–1914)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1838-03-03","death_date":"1914-04-16","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":64.14,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hill1905.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Amos Tversky","wikidata":"Q474333","description":"Israeli psychologist (1937–1996)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1937-03-16","death_date":"1996-06-02","country":"ISR","citizenship":"Israel","birth_country":"ISR","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":64,"image":null}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Muhammad Asad","wikidata":"Q369957","description":"Austrian-born Pakistani writer and social activist (1900–1992)","occupation":"Political scientist","birth_date":"1900-07-02","death_date":"1992-02-23","country":null,"citizenship":"Austria; Pakistan","birth_country":"UKR","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":63.94,"image":null}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Moritz von Jacobi","wikidata":"Q60579","description":"German engineer and physicist (1801–1874)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1801-09-21","death_date":"1874-03-11","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia; Russian Empire","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":6,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":63.89,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Moritz%20Hermann%20von%20Jacobi%201856%20(1).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Armen Takhtajan","wikidata":"Q348006","description":"Soviet-Armenian botanist (1910-2009)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1910-06-10","death_date":"2009-11-13","country":"RUS","citizenship":"Russia","birth_country":null,"notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":63.86,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/A%20Takhtajan%202021%20stamp%20of%20Artsakh.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Wilhelm Ackermann","wikidata":"Q61037","description":"German mathematician best known for the Ackermann function (1896–1962)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1896-03-29","death_date":"1962-12-24","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":4,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":63.84,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ackermann%20Wilhelm.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Juliane Koepcke","wikidata":"Q95273","description":"mammalogist and only survivor of LANSA Flight 508","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1954-10-10","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"Germany; Peru","birth_country":"PER","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":63.84,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ceremonia%20de%20condecoraci%C3%B3n%20a%20la%20doctora%20Juliane%20Koepcke%20-%2046616983225%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"J. Allen Hynek","wikidata":"Q350468","description":"American astronomer (1910–1986)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1910-05-01","death_date":"1986-04-27","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":63.79,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Allen%20Hynek.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Ian Wilmut","wikidata":"Q1353638","description":"British embryologist (1944–2023)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1944-07-07","death_date":"2023-09-10","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":63.42,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ian%20Wilmut%20at%201997%20Senate%20hearing%20on%20clones.png?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Nevil Maskelyne","wikidata":"Q450757","description":"fifth Astronomer Royal (*1765 – †1811)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1732-10-06","death_date":"1811-02-09","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":63.2,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Maskelyne%20Nevil.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Clark L. Hull","wikidata":"Q28882","description":"American psychologist (1884–1952)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1884-05-24","death_date":"1952-05-10","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":63.12,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Clark%20Leonard%20Hull.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Edwin Hall","wikidata":"Q535860","description":"American physicist (1855–1938)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1855-11-07","death_date":"1938-11-20","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":63.03,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/PSM%20V64%20D380%20Edwin%20H%20Hall.png?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Raymond Smullyan","wikidata":"Q441178","description":"American mathematician (1919–2017)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1919-05-25","death_date":"2017-02-06","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":4,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":62.76,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Smullyan-01.png?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"John Money","wikidata":"Q625794","description":"New Zealand-US psychologist and sexologist (1921–2006)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1921-07-08","death_date":"2006-07-07","country":null,"citizenship":"New Zealand; United States","birth_country":"NZL","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":62.75,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/John%20Money%20(1996)%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Theodore Nicholas Gill","wikidata":"Q468128","description":"American biologist (1837–1914)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1837-03-21","death_date":"1914-09-25","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":62.75,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Theodore%20Nicholas%20Gill.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Ivan Vinogradov","wikidata":"Q451330","description":"Soviet mathematician (1891-1983)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1891-09-14","death_date":"1983-03-20","country":null,"citizenship":"Soviet Union; Russian Empire","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":62.62,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%20%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%20%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Richard Courant","wikidata":"Q61046","description":"German American mathematician (1888-1972)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1888-01-08","death_date":"1972-01-27","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Germany","birth_country":"POL","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":62.51,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Richard%20Courant.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Vilhelm Bjerknes","wikidata":"Q164389","description":"Norwegian physicist and meteorologist (*1862 – †1951)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1862-03-14","death_date":"1951-04-09","country":"NOR","citizenship":"Norway","birth_country":"NOR","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":62.25,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Vilhelm%20Bjerknes%20Bust%2001.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Vladimir Chelomey","wikidata":"Q333260","description":"Soviey scientist and engineer (1914-1984)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1914-06-30","death_date":"1984-12-08","country":null,"citizenship":"Soviet Union","birth_country":"POL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":62.12,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Vladimir%20Chelomey.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Nur ad-Din al-Bitruji","wikidata":"Q470795","description":"12th-century Iberian Arab astronomer and Qadi","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1200","death_date":"1204","country":null,"citizenship":null,"birth_country":"ESP","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":62.04,"image":null}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Elwin Bruno Christoffel","wikidata":"Q58795","description":"German mathematician (1829–1900)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1829-11-10","death_date":"1900-03-15","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":61.82,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Elwin%20Bruno%20Christoffel.JPG?width=320"}
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{"rank":2040,"name":"Luboš Kohoutek","wikidata":"Q27122","description":"Czech astronomer (1935–2023)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1935-01-29","death_date":"2023-12-30","country":"CZE","citizenship":"Czech Republic","birth_country":"CZE","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":61.44,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Lubos%20Kohoutek%201974.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Sameera Moussa","wikidata":"Q4116311","description":"Egyptian nuclear physicist (1917-1952)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1917-03-03","death_date":"1952-08-05","country":"EGY","citizenship":"Egypt","birth_country":"EGY","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":61.3,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/SameeraMoussa.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Jean Bartik","wikidata":"Q11428","description":"American ENIAC computer programmer (1924–2011)","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1924-12-27","death_date":"2011-03-23","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":61.13,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Two%20women%20operating%20ENIAC%20(full%20resolution).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Michael O. Rabin","wikidata":"Q357965","description":"Israeli computer scientist","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1931-09-01","death_date":"2026-04-14","country":"ISR","citizenship":"Israel","birth_country":"POL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":61.03,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/M%20O%20Rabin.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Pyotr Lebedev","wikidata":"Q471369","description":"Russian Physicist (1866–1912)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1866-03-08","death_date":"1912-03-01","country":null,"citizenship":"Russian Empire","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":60.95,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Lebedev%20petr%20nikolaevich.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Robert Gallo","wikidata":"Q469904","description":"American biomedical researcher","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1937-03-23","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":60.91,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/DrGallo.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Alan Sokal","wikidata":"Q370022","description":"American physicist and mathematician","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1955-01-24","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":60.89,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Alan%20Sokal.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"James H. Wilkinson","wikidata":"Q62877","description":"English mathematician (1919–1986)","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1919-09-27","death_date":"1986-10-05","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":60.63,"image":null}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Henry Hazlitt","wikidata":"Q685787","description":"American journalist & writer (1894–1993)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1894-11-28","death_date":"1993-07-08","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":60.38,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hazlitt-photo.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Margarita Salas","wikidata":"Q3320231","description":"Spanish biochemist (1938-2019)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1938-11-30","death_date":"2019-11-07","country":"ESP","citizenship":"Spain","birth_country":"ESP","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":60.14,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Margarita%20Salas%20Falgueras.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Edwin Catmull","wikidata":"Q93161","description":"American computer scientist and former president of Pixar (born 1945)","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1945-03-31","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":59.93,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/VES%20Awards%2089%20cropped.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Paul Volcker","wikidata":"Q349785","description":"American economist (1927-2019)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1927-09-05","death_date":"2019-12-08","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":59.92,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Paulvolcker.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Maud Menten","wikidata":"Q7515","description":"Canadian physician and chemist (1879–1960)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1879-03-20","death_date":"1960-07-26","country":"CAN","citizenship":"Canada","birth_country":"CAN","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":59.49,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Maud%20Leonora%20Menten%20(1879-1960).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Joseph Larmor","wikidata":"Q536500","description":"Irish physicist and mathematician (1857-1942)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1857-07-11","death_date":"1942-05-19","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":4,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":59.14,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Joseph%20Larmor.jpeg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Ursula Franklin","wikidata":"Q77729","description":"Canadian metallurgist, research physicist, author, and educator (1921–2016)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1921-09-16","death_date":"2016-07-22","country":null,"citizenship":"Germany; Canada","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":58.85,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ursula%20Franklin%20at%20book%20launch%20crop.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Lev Artsimovich","wikidata":"Q257879","description":"Soviet physicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1909-02-25","death_date":"1973-03-01","country":null,"citizenship":"Russian Empire; Soviet Union; Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":58.42,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/1974%20CPA%204316.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Dorothy Garrod","wikidata":"Q275622","description":"British archaeologist and first female Professor at the University of Cambridge (1892-1968)","occupation":"Archaeologist","birth_date":"1892-05-05","death_date":"1968-12-18","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":58.34,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Dorothy%20Garrod.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Mark Oliphant","wikidata":"Q727443","description":"nuclear physicist, Governor of South Australia (1901–2000)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1901-10-08","death_date":"2000-07-14","country":null,"citizenship":"Australia; United States","birth_country":"AUS","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":58.02,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sir%20Mark%20Oliphant.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Olga Taussky-Todd","wikidata":"Q113741","description":"mathematician (1906–1995)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1906-08-30","death_date":"1995-10-07","country":"AUT","citizenship":"Austria","birth_country":"CZE","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":57.96,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Olga%20Taussky-Todd.jpeg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Thomas Say","wikidata":"Q546079","description":"American naturalist (1787-1834)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1787-06-27","death_date":"1834-10-10","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":57.5,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Thomas%20Say.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2040,"name":"Lee Smolin","wikidata":"Q437263","description":"American theoretical physicist (born 1955)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1955-06-06","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"Canada; United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":56.52,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LeeSmolinAtHarvard.JPG?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Andy Rubin","wikidata":"Q49826","description":"American businessman","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1963-03-13","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":55.57,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/2008%20Google%20Developer%20Day%20in%20Japan%20-%20Andy%20Rubin.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Robert Jarvik","wikidata":"Q588120","description":"American inventor, creator of the Jarvik-7 artificial heart","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1946-05-11","death_date":"2025-05-26","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":55.22,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Robert%20Jarvik%20(1981)%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Agnes Mary Clerke","wikidata":"Q2826927","description":"Irish astronomer and writer (1842–1907)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1842-02-10","death_date":"1907-01-20","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"IRL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":55.05,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Agnes%20Mary%20Clerke%20portrait%20photo.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Bjørn Lomborg","wikidata":"Q318511","description":"Danish environmental economy author noted for his controversial views about climate change and resource scarcity","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1965-01-06","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Denmark","birth_country":"DNK","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":53.7,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bj%C3%B8rn%20Lomborg%20(1)%20(54350992828).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Annie Easley","wikidata":"Q11586","description":"American mathematician and rocket scientist","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1932-04-23","death_date":"2011-06-25","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":53.43,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Annie%20Easley.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Brewster Kahle","wikidata":"Q92945","description":"American computer engineer and founder of the Internet Archive","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1960-10-22","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":52.42,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Brewster%20Kahle%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2040,"name":"Luis von Ahn","wikidata":"Q92984","description":"Guatemalan entrepreneur and computer scientist","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1978-08-19","death_date":null,"country":"GTM","citizenship":"Guatemala","birth_country":"GTM","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":52.11,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Wikimania%202015%20-%20Day%202%20(18)%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2040,"name":"Karl Deisseroth","wikidata":"Q935993","description":"American optogeneticist","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1971-11-18","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":33,"hpi":38.11,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Karl%20Deisseroth%20by%20Christopher%20Michel%2004.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2147,"name":"Jean Charles Athanase Peltier","wikidata":"Q348793","description":"French physicist (1785-1845)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1785-02-22","death_date":"1845-10-27","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":32,"hpi":66.56,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jean%20Charles%20Athanase%20Peltier.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2147,"name":"Beno Gutenberg","wikidata":"Q76770","description":"German-American seismologist (1889-1960)","occupation":"Geologist","birth_date":"1889-06-04","death_date":"1960-01-25","country":null,"citizenship":"Germany; United States","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":32,"hpi":65.83,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Beno%20Gutenberg.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2147,"name":"Bernard Lyot","wikidata":"Q433773","description":"French astronomer (1897-1952)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1897-02-27","death_date":"1952-04-02","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":32,"hpi":65.76,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bernard%20Ferdinand%20Lyot%20(1897%201952).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2147,"name":"Christian Friedrich Schönbein","wikidata":"Q61319","description":"German-Swiss chemist, discoverer of guncotton and ozone (1799-1868)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1799-10-18","death_date":"1868-08-29","country":"CHE","citizenship":"Switzerland","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":32,"hpi":65.7,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Christian%20Friedrich%20Sch%C3%B6nbein%20Litho.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2147,"name":"Jean-Robert Argand","wikidata":"Q315419","description":"Swiss mathematician (1768-1822)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1768-07-18","death_date":"1822-08-13","country":"CHE","citizenship":"Switzerland","birth_country":"CHE","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":32,"hpi":65.65,"image":null}
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{"rank":2147,"name":"Jacopo Riccati","wikidata":"Q318303","description":"Italian mathematician (1676-1754)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1676-05-28","death_date":"1754-04-15","country":null,"citizenship":"Republic of Venice","birth_country":"ITA","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":32,"hpi":65.29,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jacopo%20Francesco%20Riccati%20(1676-1754).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2147,"name":"E. C. George Sudarshan","wikidata":"Q1384866","description":"Indian physicist (1931–2018)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1931-09-16","death_date":"2018-05-14","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; India","birth_country":null,"notable_works":0,"sitelinks":32,"hpi":65.09,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/ECG%20Sudarshan.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2147,"name":"Al-Karaji","wikidata":"Q461062","description":"Persian mathematician and engineer (c. 953 – c. 1029)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"0953-04-18","death_date":"1029","country":null,"citizenship":"Abbasid Caliphate","birth_country":"IRN","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":32,"hpi":64.99,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Muhammad%20al%20karaji%2001.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2147,"name":"Frédéric Cuvier","wikidata":"Q467962","description":"French biologist (1773-1838)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1773-06-28","death_date":"1838-07-24","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":32,"hpi":64.88,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric%20Cuvier%20by%20Ambroise%20Tardieu.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2147,"name":"Pierre Belon","wikidata":"Q445560","description":"French traveler, naturalist, writer and diplomat (1517-1564)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1517","death_date":"1564-04","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":32,"hpi":64.8,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pierre%20Belon%20from%20Bibl.%20Nat.%20de%20France%20cropped.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2147,"name":"Farkas Bolyai","wikidata":"Q252311","description":"Hungarian mathematician","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1775-02-09","death_date":"1856-11-20","country":null,"citizenship":"Austrian Empire","birth_country":"ROU","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":32,"hpi":64.27,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Farkas%20Bolyai.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2147,"name":"Marie-Louise von Franz","wikidata":"Q60236","description":"Swiss psychologist and scholar (1915-1998)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1915-01-04","death_date":"1998-02-17","country":"CHE","citizenship":"Switzerland","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":32,"hpi":64.27,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Marie-Louise%20von%20Franz%202%20(cropped).png?width=320"}
{"rank":2147,"name":"Friedrich Paschen","wikidata":"Q57805","description":"German physicist (1865–1947)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1865-01-22","death_date":"1947-02-25","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":32,"hpi":64.26,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Friedrich%20Paschen%20Physiker.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2147,"name":"Jovan Cvijić","wikidata":"Q463896","description":"Serbian scientist (1865–1927)","occupation":"Geographer","birth_date":"1865-10-11","death_date":"1927-01-16","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Serbia; Principality of Serbia; Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes","birth_country":"SRB","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":32,"hpi":64.14,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/%D0%88%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%20%D0%A6%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B8%D1%9B%2C%20%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%20(1865-1927).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2147,"name":"James McKeen Cattell","wikidata":"Q545047","description":"American psychologist (1860–1944)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1860-05-25","death_date":"1944-01-20","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":32,"hpi":64.12,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/James%20McKeen%20Cattell.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2147,"name":"Edward Turner Bennett","wikidata":"Q448369","description":"British zoologist (1797–1836)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1797-01-06","death_date":"1836-08-21","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":32,"hpi":63.66,"image":null}
{"rank":2147,"name":"Gaston Julia","wikidata":"Q323238","description":"French mathematician","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1893-02-03","death_date":"1978-03-19","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"DZA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":32,"hpi":63.45,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gustav%20Herglotz%2C%20Gaston%20Julia.jpeg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2147,"name":"William Prout","wikidata":"Q775400","description":"British chemist (1785-1850)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1785-01-15","death_date":"1850-04-09","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; Kingdom of Great Britain","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":32,"hpi":63.32,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Prout%20William%20painting.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2147,"name":"Seth Barnes Nicholson","wikidata":"Q436047","description":"American astronomer (1891–1963)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1891-11-12","death_date":"1963-07-02","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":32,"hpi":63.12,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Seth%20B.%20Nicholson%20sits%20at%20his%20spectroscope.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2147,"name":"George Robert Waterhouse","wikidata":"Q528545","description":"English scientist (1810–1888)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1810-03-06","death_date":"1888-01-21","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":32,"hpi":63.04,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/George%20Robert%20Waterhouse%20-%20Maguire.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2147,"name":"Josif Pančić","wikidata":"Q543250","description":"botanist (1814-1888)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1814-04-17","death_date":"1888-03-08","country":null,"citizenship":"Principality of Serbia; Kingdom of Serbia; Austrian Empire","birth_country":"HRV","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":32,"hpi":63.04,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Panc.JPG?width=320"}
{"rank":2147,"name":"Wilhelm Peters","wikidata":"Q58029","description":"German naturalist, zoologist and explorer (1815–1883)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1815-04-22","death_date":"1883-04-20","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia; Duchy of Schleswig","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":32,"hpi":63.02,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Peters%20Wilhelm%201815-1883.png?width=320"}
{"rank":2147,"name":"Oskar Klein","wikidata":"Q251524","description":"Swedish physicist","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1894-09-15","death_date":"1977-02-05","country":"SWE","citizenship":"Sweden","birth_country":"SWE","notable_works":6,"sitelinks":32,"hpi":63,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Oskar%20Klein.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2147,"name":"Edward Frankland","wikidata":"Q361386","description":"English chemist (1825–1899)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1825-01-18","death_date":"1899-08-09","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":32,"hpi":62.93,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Edward%20Frankland.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2147,"name":"Vladimir Drinfeld","wikidata":"Q369561","description":"mathematician from the former Ukrainian SSR, who emigrated to the United States and is currently working at the University of Chicago","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1954-02-14","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Ukraine","birth_country":"UKR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":32,"hpi":62.91,"image":null}
{"rank":2147,"name":"Erich von Drygalski","wikidata":"Q63108","description":"German geographer (1865–1949)","occupation":"Geographer","birth_date":"1865-02-09","death_date":"1949-01-10","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia; German Reich","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":32,"hpi":62.55,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Erich%20Dagobert%20von%20Drygalski.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2147,"name":"Thomas Gold","wikidata":"Q93562","description":"Austrian astrophysicist (1920-2004)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1920-05-22","death_date":"2004-06-22","country":null,"citizenship":"Austria; United States","birth_country":"AUT","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":32,"hpi":62.43,"image":null}
{"rank":2147,"name":"Oscar Zariski","wikidata":"Q381307","description":"American mathematician (1899–1986)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1899-04-24","death_date":"1986-07-04","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"BLR","notable_works":11,"sitelinks":32,"hpi":62.01,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Oscar%20Zariski.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2147,"name":"Roger Cotes","wikidata":"Q451667","description":"English mathematician","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1682-07-10","death_date":"1716-06-05","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Great Britain","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":32,"hpi":61.97,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Roger%20Cotes.png?width=320"}
{"rank":2147,"name":"Katharine Burr Blodgett","wikidata":"Q21482","description":"American physicist (1898-1979)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1898-01-10","death_date":"1979-10-12","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":32,"hpi":61.87,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Katharine%20Burr%20Blodgett%20(1898-1979)%2C%20demonstrating%20equipment%20in%20lab.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2147,"name":"Halton Arp","wikidata":"Q453729","description":"astronomer from the United States (1927-2013)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1927-03-21","death_date":"2013-12-28","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Germany","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":32,"hpi":61.83,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Arp%26grandsons.2008%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2147,"name":"Leonard Kleinrock","wikidata":"Q32338","description":"American computer scientist (born 1934)","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1934-06-13","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":32,"hpi":61.79,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Leonard%20Kleinrock%20-%20Internet%20Hall%20of%20Fame%20inductees%202012%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2147,"name":"Blasius Merrem","wikidata":"Q62862","description":"German naturalist (1761-1824)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1761-02-04","death_date":"1824-02-23","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Bremen","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":32,"hpi":61.53,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Merrem%20Blasius%201761-1824.png?width=320"}
{"rank":2147,"name":"Pieter Bleeker","wikidata":"Q446239","description":"Dutch medical doctor, ichthyologist and herpetologist (1819–1878)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1819-07-10","death_date":"1878-01-24","country":"NLD","citizenship":"Kingdom of the Netherlands","birth_country":"NLD","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":32,"hpi":61.52,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pieter%20Bleeker.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2147,"name":"Yves Meyer","wikidata":"Q574597","description":"French mathematician","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1939-07-19","death_date":null,"country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":32,"hpi":61.35,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Yves%20Meyer.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2147,"name":"Frank Knight","wikidata":"Q355223","description":"American economist (1885-1972)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1885-11-07","death_date":"1972-04-15","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":32,"hpi":61.22,"image":null}
{"rank":2147,"name":"Robert Broom","wikidata":"Q359576","description":"South African doctor and paleontologist (1866–1951)","occupation":"Archaeologist","birth_date":"1866-11-30","death_date":"1951-04-06","country":"ZAF","citizenship":"South Africa","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":32,"hpi":61.15,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Robert%20Broom00.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2259,"name":"Hans Kramers","wikidata":"Q451225","description":"Dutch physicist (1894–1952)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1894-12-17","death_date":"1952-04-24","country":"NLD","citizenship":"Kingdom of the Netherlands","birth_country":"NLD","notable_works":7,"sitelinks":31,"hpi":65.33,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Kramers%201928.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2259,"name":"Taqi al-Din Muhammad ibn Ma'ruf","wikidata":"Q1379164","description":"Ottoman Syrian polymath (1526-1585)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1526-06-14","death_date":"1580","country":"SYR","citizenship":"Syria","birth_country":"SYR","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":31,"hpi":65.26,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Taqi%20al%20din.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2259,"name":"Jean-André Deluc","wikidata":"Q123670","description":"Swiss geologist and meteorologist (1727–1817)","occupation":"Geologist","birth_date":"1727-02-08","death_date":"1817-11-07","country":null,"citizenship":"France; Switzerland","birth_country":"CHE","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":31,"hpi":65.21,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jean-Andr%C3%A9%20Deluc.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2259,"name":"Joseph Gerhard Zuccarini","wikidata":"Q77121","description":"German botanist (1797-1848)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1797-08-10","death_date":"1848-02-18","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Bavaria","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":31,"hpi":65.18,"image":null}
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{"rank":2259,"name":"Barthélémy Du Mortier","wikidata":"Q316571","description":"Belgian politician and botanist (1797-1878)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1797-04-03","death_date":"1878-07-09","country":"BEL","citizenship":"Belgium","birth_country":"BEL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":31,"hpi":64.76,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Barth%C3%A9l%C3%A9my%20du%20Mortier.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2259,"name":"Ludwig Gumplowicz","wikidata":"Q533746","description":"Polish sociologist (1838–1909)","occupation":"Sociologist","birth_date":"1838-03-09","death_date":"1909-08-19","country":"POL","citizenship":"Poland","birth_country":"POL","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":31,"hpi":64.41,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ludwik%20Gumplowicz%20(111127704).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2259,"name":"Gustav von Schmoller","wikidata":"Q62833","description":"German economist (1838–1917)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1838-06-24","death_date":"1917-06-27","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia; German Reich","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":31,"hpi":64.4,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gustav%20von%20Schmoller%20by%20Rudolf%20D%C3%BChrkoop%201908.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2259,"name":"Johann Wilhelm Hittorf","wikidata":"Q60428","description":"German physicist (1824–1914)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1824-03-27","death_date":"1914-11-28","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":31,"hpi":64.4,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hittorf%20portrait%20from%20Festschrift%201904%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2259,"name":"Tobias Mayer","wikidata":"Q60406","description":"German astronomer","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1723-02-17","death_date":"1762-02-20","country":null,"citizenship":"Duchy of Württemberg","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":31,"hpi":64.32,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Tobias%20Meyer%2C%20seul%20portrait%20en%20couleurs%20connu.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2259,"name":"Jean-Baptiste Boussingault","wikidata":"Q503318","description":"French chemist who made significant contributions to agricultural science, petroleum science and metallurgy (1801–1887)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1801-02-01","death_date":"1887-05-11","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":31,"hpi":63.75,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jean%20Baptiste%20Boussingault%20by%20Schultz.png?width=320"}
{"rank":2259,"name":"John Kerr","wikidata":"Q918672","description":"Scottish physicist and pioneer in the field of electro-optics (1824–1907)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1824-12-17","death_date":"1907-08-15","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":31,"hpi":63.63,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/John%20Kerr%20(physicist).jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2259,"name":"Jim Rogers","wikidata":"Q552215","description":"American writer","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1942-10-19","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":31,"hpi":63.16,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jim-rogers-madrid-160610.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2259,"name":"Sergey Belyavsky","wikidata":"Q11821","description":"Soviet/Russian astronomer (1883-1953)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1883-12-07","death_date":"1953-10-13","country":null,"citizenship":"Russian Empire; Soviet Union","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":31,"hpi":63.09,"image":null}
{"rank":2259,"name":"Piero Sraffa","wikidata":"Q370468","description":"Italian economist (1898–1983)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1898-08-05","death_date":"1983-09-03","country":"ITA","citizenship":"Italy","birth_country":"ITA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":31,"hpi":63,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Piero%20Sraffa%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2259,"name":"Eli Heckscher","wikidata":"Q365824","description":"Swedish historian and economist (1879–1952)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1879-11-24","death_date":"1952-12-23","country":"SWE","citizenship":"Sweden","birth_country":"SWE","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":31,"hpi":62.94,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Eli%20Heckscher.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2259,"name":"Marie Tharp","wikidata":"Q538786","description":"American oceanographer and cartographer (1920–2006)","occupation":"Geographer","birth_date":"1920-07-30","death_date":"2006-08-23","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":31,"hpi":62.7,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Marie%20Tharp%20working%20with%20fathometer%20record%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2259,"name":"Louis Nirenberg","wikidata":"Q596590","description":"American mathematician of Canadian origin (1925-2020)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1925-02-28","death_date":"2020-01-26","country":null,"citizenship":"Canada; United States","birth_country":"CAN","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":31,"hpi":62.64,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Louis%20Nirenberg.jpeg?width=320"}
{"rank":2259,"name":"Rudolf Lipschitz","wikidata":"Q77322","description":"German mathematician (1832-1903)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1832-05-14","death_date":"1903-10-07","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":4,"sitelinks":31,"hpi":62.5,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Rudolf%20Lipschitz%20by%20Johannes%20Schafgans%20(Kunstbibliothek%20Berlin)%20-%20crop.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2259,"name":"Rolf Nevanlinna","wikidata":"Q540981","description":"Finnish mathematician (1895–1980) known for his research in complex analysis","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1895-10-22","death_date":"1980-05-28","country":"FIN","citizenship":"Finland","birth_country":"FIN","notable_works":6,"sitelinks":31,"hpi":62.28,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Rolf-Nevanlinna-1958.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2259,"name":"Nikolay Danilevsky","wikidata":"Q120664","description":"Russian academic (1822-1885)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1822-12-16","death_date":"1885-11-19","country":null,"citizenship":"Russian Empire","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":31,"hpi":62.25,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nikolay%20Danilevski.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2259,"name":"Morris Travers","wikidata":"Q380209","description":"English chemist (1872–1961)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1872-01-24","death_date":"1961-08-25","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":31,"hpi":61.86,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Morris%20Travers.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2259,"name":"Richard Chace Tolman","wikidata":"Q714440","description":"American physicist (1881–1948)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1881-03-04","death_date":"1948-09-05","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":31,"hpi":61.77,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Richard%20C.%20Tolman%201945%202003%20902%20314%20ng451h74s.tiff?width=320"}
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{"rank":2259,"name":"Amir Pnueli","wikidata":"Q92649","description":"Israeli computer scientist (1941–2009) researching temporal logic, model checking, and concurrent systems","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1941-04-22","death_date":"2009-11-02","country":"ISR","citizenship":"Israel","birth_country":"ISR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":31,"hpi":61.45,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Amir%20Pnueli.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2259,"name":"James W. Christy","wikidata":"Q315845","description":"American astronomer","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1938-09-15","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":31,"hpi":60.73,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/James%20Christy%20(1978).jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2259,"name":"Brenda Milner","wikidata":"Q468228","description":"Canada-based British neuroscientist and neuropsychologist","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1918-07-15","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom; Canada","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":31,"hpi":60.31,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Brenda%20Milner.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2259,"name":"Ernest William Brown","wikidata":"Q465729","description":"English-American astronomer and mathematician","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1866-11-29","death_date":"1938-07-22","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom; United States","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":31,"hpi":60.22,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/PSM%20V76%20D207%20Ernest%20William%20Brown.png?width=320"}
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{"rank":2259,"name":"Edoardo Amaldi","wikidata":"Q559815","description":"Italian physicist (1908–1989)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1908-09-05","death_date":"1989-12-05","country":"ITA","citizenship":"Italy","birth_country":"ITA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":31,"hpi":59.73,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Edoardo%20Amaldi%201960.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2259,"name":"Fang Lizhi","wikidata":"Q445635","description":"Professor of astrophysics; civil rights activist and dissident (1936–2012)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1936-02-12","death_date":"2012-04-06","country":"CHN","citizenship":"People's Republic of China","birth_country":"CHN","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":31,"hpi":59.29,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fang%20Lizhi%20(10455658873)%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2356,"name":"Maria Cunitz","wikidata":"Q63232","description":"German astronomer","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1610","death_date":"1664-08-22","country":null,"citizenship":null,"birth_country":"POL","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":30,"hpi":63.94,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Kunic-lawka.JPG?width=320"}
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{"rank":2356,"name":"Émile Coué","wikidata":"Q275040","description":"French psychologist and pharmacist (1857-1926)","occupation":"Psychologist","birth_date":"1857-02-26","death_date":"1926-07-02","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":30,"hpi":63.52,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/%C3%89mile%20Cou%C3%A9%203.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2356,"name":"Helmut Hasse","wikidata":"Q61768","description":"German mathematician (1898–1979)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1898-08-25","death_date":"1979-12-26","country":"DEU","citizenship":"Germany","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":16,"sitelinks":30,"hpi":62.36,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Helmut%20Hasse.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2356,"name":"Kenneth E. Boulding","wikidata":"Q505520","description":"British-American economist (1910-1993)","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1910-01-18","death_date":"1993-03-18","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom; United States","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":30,"hpi":62.33,"image":null}
{"rank":2356,"name":"Peter Barlow","wikidata":"Q390352","description":"British mathematician and physicist","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1776-10-13","death_date":"1862-03-01","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":30,"hpi":62.28,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Peter%20Barlow(math).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2356,"name":"Jerzy Neyman","wikidata":"Q539544","description":"Polish statistician (1894-1981)","occupation":"Statistician","birth_date":"1894-04-16","death_date":"1981-08-05","country":null,"citizenship":"Poland; United States","birth_country":"MDA","notable_works":2,"sitelinks":30,"hpi":62.26,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jerzy%20Neyman2.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2356,"name":"Carl Jakob Sundevall","wikidata":"Q435781","description":"Swedish zoologist (1801-1875)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1801-10-22","death_date":"1875-02-02","country":"SWE","citizenship":"Sweden","birth_country":"SWE","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":30,"hpi":62.16,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Carl%20Jakob%20Sundevall%201801-1875.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2356,"name":"James Bond","wikidata":"Q241031","description":"American ornithologist and inspiration for the name of the fictional spy (1900-1989)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1900-01-04","death_date":"1989-02-14","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":30,"hpi":62.12,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/James%20Bond%201974.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2356,"name":"Johann Benedict Listing","wikidata":"Q62313","description":"German mathematician (1808-1882)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1808-07-25","death_date":"1882-12-24","country":null,"citizenship":"Kingdom of Prussia","birth_country":"DEU","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":30,"hpi":62.11,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Listing-johann-benedict-in-voit-max-hrsg-bildnisse-goettinger-professoren-goettingen-vandenhoeck-und-ruprecht-1937-nr122.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2356,"name":"Gilles de Roberval","wikidata":"Q382016","description":"French mathematician (*1602 – †1675)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1602-08-09","death_date":"1675-10-27","country":"FRA","citizenship":"France","birth_country":"FRA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":30,"hpi":62.03,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gilles%20personne%20de%20roberval.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2356,"name":"William Cranch Bond","wikidata":"Q314565","description":"American astronomer (1789-1859)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1789-09-09","death_date":"1859-01-29","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":30,"hpi":61.84,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/William%20Cranch%20Bond.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2356,"name":"Israel Kirzner","wikidata":"Q349109","description":"American economist","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1930-02-13","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":30,"hpi":61.41,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Israel%20Kirzner.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2356,"name":"Rashid Sunyaev","wikidata":"Q836911","description":"Russian astronomer (born 1943)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1943-03-01","death_date":null,"country":"RUS","citizenship":"Russia","birth_country":"UZB","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":30,"hpi":61.32,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Rashid%20Sunyaev%20(2012-09-03).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2356,"name":"Sam Loyd","wikidata":"Q337325","description":"American chess player, chess composer, puzzle author, and recreational mathematician (1841–1911)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1841-01-30","death_date":"1911-04-10","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":1,"sitelinks":30,"hpi":61.31,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Loyd%2C%20Sam%20-%20DPLA%20-%2066711e1d8fb86a674b6a34e6031d7254.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2356,"name":"W. D. Hamilton","wikidata":"Q15451","description":"British evolutionary biologist (1936–2000)","occupation":"Biologist","birth_date":"1936-08-01","death_date":"2000-03-07","country":"GBR","citizenship":"United Kingdom","birth_country":"EGY","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":30,"hpi":60.65,"image":null}
{"rank":2356,"name":"John Tuzo Wilson","wikidata":"Q472056","description":"Canadian geologist (1908–1993)","occupation":"Geologist","birth_date":"1908-10-24","death_date":"1993-04-15","country":"CAN","citizenship":"Canada","birth_country":"CAN","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":30,"hpi":60.63,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/John%20Tuzo%20Wilson%20in%201992.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2356,"name":"David Gill","wikidata":"Q319969","description":"Scottish astronomer (1843-1914)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1843-06-12","death_date":"1914-01-24","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":30,"hpi":60.4,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/David%20Gill.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2356,"name":"Luke Howard","wikidata":"Q440061","description":"British manufacturing chemist (1772-1864)","occupation":"Chemist","birth_date":"1772-11-28","death_date":"1864-03-21","country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":30,"hpi":60.19,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Luke%20Howard.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2356,"name":"Samuel Eilenberg","wikidata":"Q535833","description":"Polish mathematician (1913-1998)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1913-09-30","death_date":"1998-01-30","country":null,"citizenship":"United States; Poland","birth_country":"POL","notable_works":11,"sitelinks":30,"hpi":59.64,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Samuel%20Eilenberg%20MFO.jpeg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2356,"name":"Evan Williams","wikidata":"Q561960","description":"American technology entrepreneur","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1972-03-31","death_date":null,"country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":30,"hpi":59.21,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ev%20Williams%20(15527604887).jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2356,"name":"James Edward Keeler","wikidata":"Q364403","description":"American astronomer (1857–1900)","occupation":"Astronomer","birth_date":"1857-09-10","death_date":"1900-08-12","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":30,"hpi":58.32,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Keeler%20James.jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2356,"name":"Aleksey Krylov","wikidata":"Q552691","description":"Russian naval engineer and mathematician (1863-1945)","occupation":"Mathematician","birth_date":"1863-08-15","death_date":"1945-10-26","country":null,"citizenship":"Soviet Union; Russian Empire","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":3,"sitelinks":30,"hpi":57.99,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/%D0%90.%20%D0%9D.%20%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%20(6).jpg?width=320"}
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{"rank":2356,"name":"Gordon Gould","wikidata":"Q546175","description":"American physicist and inventor (1920–2005)","occupation":"Physicist","birth_date":"1920-07-17","death_date":"2005-09-16","country":"USA","citizenship":"United States","birth_country":"USA","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":30,"hpi":56.56,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gordongould2%20(cropped).JPG?width=320"}
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{"rank":2356,"name":"Euclid Tsakalotos","wikidata":"Q19428891","description":"Greek economist and politician","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1960-06-19","death_date":null,"country":"GRC","citizenship":"Greece","birth_country":"NLD","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":30,"hpi":53.6,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Euclide%20Tsakalotos.jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2356,"name":"Tatiana Golikova","wikidata":"Q260432","description":"Russian politician","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1966-02-09","death_date":null,"country":"RUS","citizenship":"Russia","birth_country":"RUS","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":30,"hpi":53.48,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Tatyana%20Golikova%20official%20portrait.png?width=320"}
{"rank":2356,"name":"Fatih Birol","wikidata":"Q476938","description":"Turkish economist and energy expert","occupation":"Economist","birth_date":"1958-03-22","death_date":null,"country":"TUR","citizenship":"Turkey","birth_country":"TUR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":30,"hpi":52.98,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fatih%20Birol%2C%20IEA%20Executive%20Director%20(2025)%20(cropped).jpg?width=320"}
{"rank":2356,"name":"Richard Garriott","wikidata":"Q319269","description":"British video game developer, astronaut and entrepreneur","occupation":"Computer scientist","birth_date":"1961-07-04","death_date":null,"country":null,"citizenship":"United Kingdom; United States","birth_country":"GBR","notable_works":0,"sitelinks":30,"hpi":51.58,"image":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Richard%20garriott%20july%202008.jpg?width=320"}
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