west-asia-diyarbak-r Diyarbakır Q83387 West Asia Mesopotamia Turkey TUR c. 8000 BC -8000 europe-plovdiv Plovdiv Q459 Europe Neolithic Europe, Iron Age Europe Bulgaria BGR 6000 BC -6000 west-asia-aleppo Aleppo Q4115349 West Asia Levant Syria SYR c. 5000 BC -5000 west-asia-byblos Byblos Q173532 West Asia Levant Lebanon LBN c. 5000 BC -5000 europe-argos Argos Q189901 Europe Neolithic Europe, Mycenaean Greece Greece GRC 5000 BC -5000 west-asia-sidon Sidon Q163490 West Asia Levant Lebanon LBN c. 4000 BC -4000 europe-athens Athens Q1524 Europe Aegean civilization Greece GRC 3rd millennium BC -4000 europe-larisa Larisa Q178405 Europe Aegean civilization Greece GRC c. 2000 BC -4000 north-and-northeast-africa-girga-as-thinis Girga (as Thinis) Q749187 North and Northeast Africa Ancient Egypt Egypt EGY c. 3273 BC -3272 west-asia-damascus Damascus Q3766 West Asia Levant Syria SYR c. 3000 BC -3000 west-asia-jerusalem Jerusalem Q1218 West Asia Levant Israel and Palestine ISR c. 3000 BC -3000 central-and-south-asia-multan Multan Q185453 Central and South Asia Indus Valley Civilisation Pakistan PAK 3000–2800 BC -3000 europe-thebes Thebes Q5760 Europe Aegean civilization Greece GRC c. 3000 BC -3000 west-asia-tyre Tyre Q82070 West Asia Levant Lebanon LBN c. 2750 BC -2750 west-asia-hama Hama Q173545 West Asia Levant Syria SYR c. 2400 BC -2400 west-asia-erbil Erbil Q132754 West Asia Mesopotamia Iraq IRQ c. 2300 BC -2300 north-and-northeast-africa-faiyum-as-shedet Faiyum (as Shedet) Q203299 North and Northeast Africa Ancient Egypt Egypt EGY c. 2181 BC -2181 north-and-northeast-africa-luxor-as-thebes Luxor (as Thebes) Q130514 North and Northeast Africa Ancient Egypt Egypt EGY c. 3200 BC -2150 west-asia-ankara Ankara Q3640 West Asia Anatolia Turkey TUR c. 2000 BC -2000 west-asia-jaffa Jaffa Q180294 West Asia Levant Israel ISR c. 2000 BC -2000 west-asia-acre Acre Q126084 West Asia Levant Israel ISR c. 2000 BC -2000 west-asia-jableh Jableh Q175923 West Asia Levant Syria SYR 2nd millennium BC -2000 west-asia-beirut Beirut Q3820 West Asia Levant Lebanon LBN c. 2000 – c. 1800 BC -2000 central-and-south-asia-balkh Balkh Q182159 Central and South Asia Bactria Afghanistan AFG 2000-1000 BC -2000 east-asia-zhengzhou-as-bo Zhengzhou (as Bo) Q30340 East Asia Shang dynasty China CHN c. 1600 BC -1600 east-asia-yanshi-henan-as-xibo Yanshi, Henan (as Xibo) Q1337479 East Asia Shang dynasty China CHN c. 1600 BC -1600 east-asia-luoyang-as-luoyi-henan-dongdu-shendu Luoyang (as Luoyi, Henan, Dongdu, Shendu) Q187136 East Asia Shang dynasty China CHN c. 1600 BC -1600 central-and-south-asia-varanasi Varanasi Q79980 Central and South Asia Kashi India IND c. 1200 BC -1400 central-and-south-asia-kandahar Kandahar Q45604 Central and South Asia Arachosia Afghanistan AFG 3000–1500 BC -1300 west-asia-latakia Latakia Q200030 West Asia Syria Syria SYR 2nd millennium BC -1200 central-and-south-asia-delhi-as-indraprastha Delhi (as Indraprastha) Q1353 Central and South Asia Ancient India India IND 1200–900 BC -1200 europe-cadiz Cádiz Q15682 Europe Phoenicia Spain ESP c. 1100 BC -1100 east-asia-handan Handan Q58570 East Asia Jin, Zhao China CHN c. 1080 BC -1080 east-asia-beijing-as-ji-youzhou-fanyang-yanjing-zhongdu-dadu Beijing (as Ji, Youzhou, Fanyang, Yanjing, Zhongdu, Dadu) Q956 East Asia Ji, Yan China CHN c. 1045 BC -1045 north-america-cholula Cholula Q1007232 North America Old Cholula Mexico MEX c. 1000 – c. 500 BC -1000 west-asia-eskisehir Eskişehir Q168866 West Asia Anatolia Turkey TUR c. 1000 BC -1000 west-asia-gaza Gaza Q47492 West Asia Levant Palestine PSE c. 1000 BC -1000 west-asia-hebron Hebron Q168225 West Asia Levant Palestine PSE Iron Age -1000 west-asia-jericho Jericho Q5687 West Asia Levant Palestine PSE early 1st millennium BC -1000 central-and-south-asia-sayram Sayram Q574555 Central and South Asia Transoxiana Kazakhstan KAZ 1000 BC -1000 central-and-south-asia-dushanbe Dushanbe Q9365 Central and South Asia Achaemenid Tajikistan TJK 1000 BC -1000 europe-matera Matera Q13616 Europe Prehistoric Italy Italy ITA c. 1000 BC -1000 north-america-flores Flores Q679383 North America Maya civilization, then New Spain Guatemala GTM 900–600 BC -900 west-asia-medina Medina Q35484 West Asia Hejaz Saudi Arabia SAU 9th century BC -900 europe-zadar-as-zara Zadar (as Zara) Q3370 Europe Liburnia Croatia HRV c. 900 BC -900 west-asia-hamadan-ecbatana Hamadan (Ecbatana) Q28587 West Asia Media Iran IRN c. 800 BC -800 europe-lisbon Lisbon Q597 Europe Lusitania Portugal PRT 8th century BC -800 europe-malaga Málaga Q8851 Europe Phoenicia Spain ESP 770 BC -800 europe-mdina Mdina Q207277 Europe Ancient Malta Malta MLT 8th century BC -800 west-asia-yerevan Yerevan Q1953 West Asia Yerevan Armenia ARM 782 BC -782 east-asia-qufu-as-lu Qufu (as Lu) Q210287 East Asia Lu China CHN before 770 BC -771 east-asia-shangqiu-as-suiyang-songzhou-guide Shangqiu (as Suiyang, Songzhou, Guide) Q404817 East Asia Song China CHN before 770 BC -771 europe-rome Rome Q220 Europe Latium Italy ITA c. 753 BC -753 central-and-south-asia-samarkand Samarkand Q5753 Central and South Asia Sogdia Uzbekistan UZB 800–500 BC -750 europe-reggio-di-calabria-as-rhegion Reggio di Calabria (as Rhegion) Q8471 Europe Magna Graecia Italy ITA 743 BC -743 europe-catania-as-katane Catania (as Katane) Q1903 Europe Sicily, Magna Graecia Italy ITA 729 BC -729 west-asia-tabriz Tabriz Q80053 West Asia Media Iran IRN 714 B.C. -714 europe-corfu-city-as-kerkyra Corfu (city) (as Kerkyra) Q205832 Europe Corfu Greece GRC c. 709 BC. -709 north-america-izamal Izamal Q1020762 North America Maya civilization, then New Spain Mexico MEX 700–450 BC -700 east-asia-jingzhou-as-jinan-yingdu-jiangling-jingsha-nanjun Jingzhou (as Jinan, Yingdu, Jiangling, Jingsha, Nanjun) Q71247 East Asia Chu China CHN c. 689 BC -689 west-asia-istanbul-as-byzantion Istanbul (as Byzantion) Q406 West Asia Thrace, Anatolia Turkey TUR 685 BC Anatolia; 660 BC Thrace -685 europe-istanbul-as-byzantion Istanbul (as Byzantion) Q406 Europe Thrace, Anatolia Turkey TUR 685 BC Anatolia; 660 BC Thrace -685 europe-syracuse Syracuse Q13670 Europe Sicily Italy ITA ca. 680-675 BC (traditionally 734 BC) -680 europe-naples Naples Q2634 Europe Magna Graecia Italy ITA c. 680 BC -680 east-asia-weinan-as-dongfu Weinan (as Dongfu) Q126995 East Asia Qin China CHN c. 668 BC -668 north-and-northeast-africa-aswan-as-swenett Aswan (as Swenett) Q29888 North and Northeast Africa Ancient Egypt Egypt EGY c. 650 BC -650 east-asia-hefei-as-luyi-ruyin-luzhou-hezhou-lujiang Hefei (as Luyi, Ruyin, Luzhou, Hezhou, Lujiang) Q185684 East Asia Zhou dynasty China CHN c. 650 BC -650 europe-durres Durrës Q83285 Europe Illyria Albania ALB 627–625 BC -627 europe-sozopol Sozopol Q271925 Europe Thrace Bulgaria BGR 610 BC -610 europe-kerch Kerch Q157065 Europe Crimea Ukraine (de jure) and Russia (de facto) UKR c. 610 BC -610 west-asia-kutaisi Kutaisi Q172415 West Asia Colchis Georgia GEO 6th to 4th century BC -600 central-and-south-asia-ujjain Ujjain Q200119 Central and South Asia Malwa India IND c. 600 BC -600 europe-marseille-as-massalia Marseille (as Massalia) Q23482 Europe Archaic Greece France FRA 600 BC -600 europe-constanta Constanța Q79808 Europe Dobruja Romania ROU c. 600 BC -600 europe-mangalia Mangalia Q467498 Europe Dobruja Romania ROU middle or end of the 6th century BC -600 europe-nesebar Nesebar Q193241 Europe Thrace Bulgaria BGR beginning of the 6th century BC -585 europe-varna Varna Q6506 Europe Thrace Bulgaria BGR 585–570 BC -585 central-and-south-asia-peshawar Peshawar Q1113311 Central and South Asia Gandhara Pakistan PAK 539 BC -539 north-and-northeast-africa-benghazi-as-euesperides Benghazi (as Euesperides) Q40816 North and Northeast Africa Cyrenaica Libya LBY c. 525 BC -525 east-asia-suzhou-as-gusu-wu-pingjiang Suzhou (as Gusu, Wu, Pingjiang) Q42622 East Asia Wu China CHN 514 BC -514 north-america-monte-alban-zaachila-oaxaca-city Monte Albán-Zaachila-Oaxaca City Q464899 North America Zapotec civilization, Mixtec civilisation Mexico MEX c. 500 BC -500 west-asia-bosra Bosra Q272680 West Asia Levant Syria SYR c. 500 BC -500 central-and-south-asia-bukhara Bukhara Q5764 Central and South Asia Sogdia Uzbekistan UZB c. 500 BC -500 central-and-south-asia-dhaka Dhaka Q1354 Central and South Asia Iron Age India Bangladesh BGD c. 500–200 BC -500 east-asia-taiyuan-as-jinyang Taiyuan (as Jinyang) Q72778 East Asia Jin China CHN c. 497 BC -497 east-asia-nanjing-as-yecheng-moling-jianye-jiankang-jinling-yingtian-jiangning Nanjing (as Yecheng, Moling, Jianye, Jiankang, Jinling, Yingtian, Jiangning) Q16666 East Asia Wu China CHN c. 495 BC -495 east-africa-aksum Aksum Q5832 East Africa Kingdom of Axum Ethiopia ETH c. 400 BC -400 west-africa-benin-city Benin City Q320704 West Africa Kingdom of Benin Nigeria NGA c. 1000 AD -400 north-america-tututepec Tututepec Q7930550 North America Mixtec civilization Mexico MEX c. 400 BC -400 north-america-toluca-calixtlahuaca Toluca-Calixtlahuaca Q209034 North America Otomí peoples Mexico MEX c. 400 – c. 200 BC -400 central-and-south-asia-anuradhapura Anuradhapura Q5724 Central and South Asia Kingdom of Rajarata Sri Lanka LKA 4th century BC -400 east-asia-chengdu Chengdu Q30002 East Asia Shu China CHN c. 400 BC -400 europe-shkodra Shkodra Q131638 Europe Illyria Albania ALB 2250–2000 BC -400 europe-sofia Sofia Q472 Europe Moesia Bulgaria BGR 4th century BC -400 europe-lezhe Lezhë Q169160 Europe Illyria Albania ALB 4th century BC -400 east-asia-changsha-as-linxiang-xiangzhou-tanzhou-tianlin Changsha (as Linxiang, Xiangzhou, Tanzhou, Tianlin) Q174091 East Asia Chu China CHN c. 365 BC -365 east-asia-kaifeng-as-daliang-bianzhou-dongjing-bianjing Kaifeng (as Daliang, Bianzhou, Dongjing, Bianjing) Q208471 East Asia Wei China CHN c. 364 BC -364 europe-stara-zagora Stara Zagora Q170415 Europe Thrace Bulgaria BGR 342 BC -342 north-and-northeast-africa-alexandria Alexandria Q87 North and Northeast Africa Ancient Egypt Egypt EGY c. 332 BC -332 east-asia-chongqing Chongqing Q11725 East Asia Ba China CHN c. 316 BC -316 europe-thessaloniki Thessaloniki Q17151 Europe Macedonia (ancient kingdom) Greece GRC 315 BC -315 europe-berat Berat Q170244 Europe Illyria Albania ALB 4th century BC -314 central-and-south-asia-madurai Madurai Q228405 Central and South Asia Pandyan Kingdom India IND 3rd century BC -300 east-asia-liaoyang-as-xiangping-changping-liaodong-pingzhou-liaozhou-dongdu-dongjing Liaoyang (as Xiangping, Changping, Liaodong, Pingzhou, Liaozhou, Dongdu, Dongjing) Q75203 East Asia Yan China CHN c. 279 BC -279 europe-belgrade Belgrade Q3711 Europe Illyria Serbia SRB 279 BC -279 southeast-asia-hanoi Hanoi Q1858 Southeast Asia Âu Lạc Vietnam VNM 257 BC -257 east-asia-guangzhou-as-panyu Guangzhou (as Panyu) Q16572 East Asia Qin dynasty China CHN 214 BC -214 east-asia-pyeongyang-as-wanggeom-seong Pyeongyang (as Wanggeom-seong) Q18808 East Asia Gojoseon North Korea PRK c. 194 BC -194 europe-santarem Santarém Q225413 Europe Lusitania Portugal PRT 138 BC -138 east-asia-gyeongju Gyeongju Q42097 East Asia Silla South Korea KOR 57 BC -57 europe-colchester Colchester Q184163 Europe Britain United Kingdom GBR 20–10 BC -20 east-asia-seoul-as-wiryeseong Seoul (as Wiryeseong) Q8684 East Asia Baekje South Korea KOR 18 BC -18 europe-braga Braga Q83247 Europe Lusitania Portugal PRT c. 16-15 BC -16 europe-strasbourg Strasbourg Q6602 Europe Germania Superior France FRA 12 BC -12 east-africa-zeila-as-avalites Zeila (as Avalites) Q157800 East Africa Bilad al-Barbar Somalia SOM c. 100 AD 100 north-america-papantla-el-tajin Papantla / El Tajín Q1962777 North America Totonac people Mexico MEX c. 1st century AD 100 southeast-asia-hue Huế Q36399 Southeast Asia Lâm Ấp Vietnam VNM 192 AD 192 east-asia-osaka-as-osumi Osaka (as Osumi) Q35765 East Asia Japan Japan JPN 390 AD 390 southeast-asia-jakarta Jakarta Q3630 Southeast Asia Tarumanagara Indonesia IDN 417 AD 417 west-africa-gao Gao Q188904 West Africa Gao Empire, Songhai Empire Mali MLI c. 600 AD 600 southeast-asia-pyay Pyay Q691747 Southeast Asia Pyu city-states Myanmar MMR 638 AD 638 southeast-asia-palembang Palembang Q8131 Southeast Asia Srivijaya Indonesia IDN 683 AD 683 southeast-asia-luang-prabang Luang Prabang Q190165 Southeast Asia Muang Sua Laos LAO 698 AD 698 east-asia-nara-as-heijo Nara (as Heijō) Q169134 East Asia Japan Japan JPN 708 AD 708 east-asia-kyoto-as-heian-and-sometimes-known-in-the-west-as-miyako Kyoto (as Heian, and sometimes known in the west as Miyako) Q34600 East Asia Japan Japan JPN 710 AD 710 southeast-asia-yogyakarta Yogyakarta Q7568 Southeast Asia Mataram Kingdom Indonesia IDN 732 AD 732 southeast-asia-malang Malang Q11445 Southeast Asia Kanjuruhan Kingdom Indonesia IDN 740 AD 740 southeast-asia-nakhon-si-thammarat Nakhon Si Thammarat Q1012424 Southeast Asia Tambralinga Thailand THA 775 AD 775 southeast-asia-siem-reap Siem Reap Q11711 Southeast Asia Khmer Empire Cambodia KHM 801 AD 801 southeast-asia-lamphun Lamphun Q1211214 Southeast Asia Hariphunchai Thailand THA 896 AD 896 southeast-asia-magelang Magelang Q11017 Southeast Asia Mataram Indonesia IDN 907 AD 907 southeast-asia-hung-yen Hưng Yên Q36235 Southeast Asia Tĩnh Hải quân Vietnam VNM 966 AD 966 southeast-asia-hoa-lu Hoa Lư Q131417547 Southeast Asia Đại Cồ Việt Vietnam VNM 968 AD 968 southeast-asia-bandar-seri-begawan Bandar Seri Begawan Q9279 Southeast Asia Po-ni and Bruneian Empire Brunei BRN 977 AD 977 north-america-taos-pueblo Taos Pueblo Q252814 North America Taos Pueblo United States USA c. 1000 AD 1000 southeast-asia-butuan Butuan Q1686 Southeast Asia Rajahnate of Butuan Philippines PHL 1001 AD 1001 southeast-asia-bac-ninh Bắc Ninh Q33381 Southeast Asia Đại Cồ Việt Vietnam VNM 1009 AD 1009 southeast-asia-kediri Kediri Q11443 Southeast Asia Kediri Kingdom Indonesia IDN 1042 AD 1042 southeast-asia-yangon Yangon Q37995 Southeast Asia Konbaung dynasty Myanmar MMR 1043 AD 1043 southeast-asia-surabaya Surabaya Q11462 Southeast Asia Janggala Kingdom Indonesia IDN 1045 AD 1045 north-america-oraibi Oraibi Q1130161 North America Hopi Pueblo United States USA c. 1100 AD 1099 north-and-northeast-africa-suakin Suakin Q571215 North and Northeast Africa Ancient Sudan Sudan SDN c. 11th century 1100 north-america-acoma-pueblo Acoma Pueblo Q342057 North America Acoma Pueblo United States USA c. 1100 AD 1100 south-america-cusco Cusco Q5582862 South America Inca Empire Peru PER c. 1100 AD 1100 southeast-asia-singapore Singapore Q334 Southeast Asia Kingdom of Singapura Singapore SGP 1170 AD 1170 southeast-asia-sukhothai Sukhothai Q423654 Southeast Asia Lavo Kingdom Thailand THA 1180 AD 1180 north-america-cuernavaca-cuauhnahuac-teopanzolco Cuernavaca (Cuauhnahuac)-Teopanzolco Q204245 North America Nahuan peoples Mexico MEX c. 1200 AD 1200 southeast-asia-banda-aceh Banda Aceh Q5779 Southeast Asia Aceh Sultanate Indonesia IDN 1205 AD 1205 southeast-asia-manila Manila Q1461 Southeast Asia Tondo and Rajahnate of Maynila Philippines PHL 1258 AD 1258 southeast-asia-nam-inh Nam Định Q138638832 Southeast Asia Đại Việt Vietnam VNM 1262 AD 1262 southeast-asia-chiang-rai Chiang Rai Q856772 Southeast Asia Ngoenyang Thailand THA 1262 AD 1262 southeast-asia-taungoo Taungoo Q1193412 Southeast Asia Pagan Kingdom Myanmar MMR 1279 AD 1279 southeast-asia-chiang-mai Chiang Mai Q52028 Southeast Asia Lanna Kingdom Thailand THA 1294 AD or 1296 AD 1294 north-america-tucson Tucson Q18575 North America Hohokam United States USA c. 1300 AD 1300 southeast-asia-singhapala Singhapala Q4401071 Southeast Asia Rajahnate of Cebu Philippines PHL c. 1300 AD 1300 southeast-asia-sagaing Sagaing Q1018173 Southeast Asia Sagaing Kingdom Myanmar MMR 1315 AD 1315 north-america-mexico-city Mexico City Q1489 North America Mexica culture (Nahuan peoples) Mexico MEX 1325 AD 1325 southeast-asia-ayutthaya Ayutthaya Q203370 Southeast Asia Ayutthaya Kingdom Thailand THA 1350 AD 1350 southeast-asia-muar Muar Q1832744 Southeast Asia Majapahit Malaysia MYS 1361 AD 1361 southeast-asia-phnom-penh Phnom Penh Q1850 Southeast Asia Khmer Empire Cambodia KHM 1372 AD 1372 central-africa-m-banza-kongo M'banza-Kongo Q500189 Central Africa Kongo Empire Angola AGO c. 1390 AD 1390 southeast-asia-malacca Malacca Q61089 Southeast Asia Malacca Sultanate Malaysia MYS 1396 1396 west-africa-cidade-velha-as-ribeira-grande Cidade Velha (as Ribeira Grande) Q464913 West Africa Santiago Island Cape Verde CPV 1462 AD 1462 southeast-asia-hai-duong Hải Dương Q10800590 Southeast Asia Đại Việt Vietnam VNM 1469 AD 1469 southeast-asia-hoi-an Hội An Q36160 Southeast Asia Đại Việt Vietnam VNM 1471 AD 1471 southeast-asia-bogor Bogor Q10393 Southeast Asia Sunda Kingdom Indonesia IDN 1482 AD 1482 north-america-santo-domingo Santo Domingo Q34820 North America New Spain Dominican Republic DOM 1496 AD 1496 north-america-san-juan San Juan Q41211 North America New Spain Puerto Rico PRI 1508 AD 1508 north-america-nombre-de-dios-colon Nombre de Dios, Colón Q1757376 North America New Spain Panama PAN 1510 AD 1510 north-america-baracoa Baracoa Q94775 North America New Spain Cuba CUB 1511 AD 1511 south-america-cumana Cumaná Q319476 South America New Granada Venezuela VEN 1515 AD 1515 north-america-havana Havana Q1563 North America New Spain Cuba CUB 1519 AD 1519 north-america-veracruz Veracruz Q173270 North America New Spain Mexico MEX 1519 AD 1519 north-america-panama-city Panama City Q3306 North America Cueva Civilisation. After European colonisation: New Spain Panama PAN 1519 AD 1519 south-america-santa-marta Santa Marta Q209016 South America New Granada Colombia COL 1525 AD 1525 north-america-taxco Taxco Q990095 North America New Spain Mexico MEX 1529 AD 1529 north-america-compostela Compostela Q2651919 North America New Spain Mexico MEX 1530 AD 1530 north-america-queretaro Querétaro Q173121 North America New Spain, Otomi people, Purépecha people Mexico MEX 1531 AD 1531 north-america-puebla Puebla Q125293 North America New Spain Mexico MEX 1531 AD 1531 north-america-tepic Tepic Q207972 North America New Spain Mexico MEX 1531 AD 1531 north-america-culiacan Culiacán Q211760 North America New Spain Mexico MEX 1531 AD 1531 south-america-cananeia Cananeia Q1751347 South America Governorate General of Brazil Brazil BRA 1531 AD 1531 south-america-sao-vicente-sao-paulo São Vicente, São Paulo Q272254 South America Governorate General of Brazil Brazil BRA 1532 AD 1532 south-america-piura Piura Q223966 South America Peru Peru PER 1532 AD 1532 south-america-lima Lima Q2868 South America Peru Peru PER 1535 AD 1535 south-america-vila-velha-espirito-santo Vila Velha, Espírito Santo Q334197 South America Governorate General of Brazil Brazil BRA 1535 AD 1535 south-america-cali Cali Q51103 South America New Granada Colombia COL 1536 AD 1536 south-america-asuncion Asunción Q2933 South America Viceroyalty of Rio de la Plata Paraguay PRY 1537 AD 1537 south-america-iguape Iguape Q1646941 South America Governorate General of Brazil Brazil BRA 1538 AD 1538 north-america-campeche Campeche Q61301 North America New Spain Mexico MEX 1540 AD 1540 south-america-bogota Bogotá Q2841 South America New Granada Colombia COL 1540 AD 1540 north-america-morelia Morelia Q200252 North America New Spain Mexico MEX 1541 AD 1541 south-america-santiago Santiago Q2887 South America Captaincy General of Chile Chile CHL 1541 AD 1541 north-america-guadalajara Guadalajara Q9022 North America New Spain Mexico MEX 1542 AD 1542 north-america-merida Mérida Q165204 North America Maya civilization, New Spain Mexico MEX 1542 AD (as the Spanish city) 1542 north-america-zacatecas Zacatecas Q139242 North America New Spain Mexico MEX 1548 AD 1548 north-america-guanajuato Guanajuato Q61306 North America New Spain Mexico MEX 1548 AD 1548 south-america-salvador Salvador Q36947 South America Governorate General of Brazil Brazil BRA 1549 AD 1549 north-america-acapulco Acapulco Q81398 North America New Spain Mexico MEX 1550 AD 1550 south-america-santiago-del-estero Santiago del Estero Q44253 South America Río de la Plata Argentina ARG 1553 AD 1553 south-america-sao-paulo São Paulo Q174 South America Governorate General of Brazil Brazil BRA 1554 AD 1554 north-america-cartago Cartago Q30617 North America New Spain Costa Rica CRI 1563 AD 1563 north-america-st-augustine St. Augustine Q487988 North America New Spain United States USA 1565 AD 1565 central-africa-luanda-as-sao-paulo-da-assuncao-de-loanda Luanda (as São Paulo da Assunção de Loanda) Q3897 Central Africa Portuguese Empire Angola AGO 1576 AD 1576 north-america-santa-fe Santa Fe Q38555 North America New Spain United States USA 1607 AD 1607 north-america-quebec-city Quebec City Q2145 North America New France Canada CAN 1608 AD 1608 east-africa-antananarivo Antananarivo Q3915 East Africa Merina Kingdom Madagascar MDG 1610 AD or 1625 AD 1610 north-america-hampton Hampton Q342043 North America Virginia Company United States USA 1610 AD 1610 north-america-hopewell Hopewell Q502235 North America Virginia Company United States USA 1613 AD 1613 north-america-plymouth Plymouth Q326295 North America Plymouth Colony United States USA 1620 AD 1620 north-america-albany Albany Q24861 North America New Netherland United States USA 1624 AD 1624 north-america-new-york-city New York City Q60 North America New Netherland United States USA 1624 AD 1624 north-america-boston Boston Q100 North America Massachusetts Bay Colony United States USA 1625 AD 1625 north-america-st-john-s St. John's Q2082 North America Newfoundland Canada CAN mid-1620s AD 1625 north-america-port-royal-annapolis-royal Port Royal-Annapolis Royal Q3398298 North America New France Canada CAN 1629 AD 1629 north-america-saint-john Saint John Q203403 North America New France Canada CAN 1631 AD 1631 north-america-virginia-beach Virginia Beach Q49259 North America Elizabeth City Shire United States USA 1634 AD 1634 north-america-trois-rivieres Trois-Rivières Q44012 North America New France Canada CAN 1634 AD 1634 north-america-montreal Montreal Q340 North America New France Canada CAN 1642 AD 1642 southern-africa-cape-town Cape Town Q5465 Southern Africa Dutch East India Company South Africa ZAF 1652 AD 1652 north-america-sault-ste-marie Sault Ste. 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