Source: https://aidb.si/d/essential-medicines — WHO electronic Essential Medicines List (eEML), World Health Organization, https://list.essentialmeds.org/. Licence: CC BY 3.0 IGO. This is an adaptation of an original work by WHO; WHO is not responsible for its content and does not endorse it.
| Medicine | First added | Section | All sections | Sections | Indications | Indication count | ATC codes | Dosage forms | Combined with | Cancer medicine | Biological | eEML page |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BCG vaccine | 1977 | Immunologicals > Vaccines | Immunologicals > Vaccines | 1 | Need for immunization against tuberculosis | 1 | L03AX03 | All vaccines should comply with the WHO requirements for biological substances. | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/205 | |
| Ebola vaccine | 2025 | Immunologicals > Vaccines | Immunologicals > Vaccines | 1 | Need for immunization against certain single viral diseases | 1 | J07BX02 | All vaccines should comply with the WHO requirements for biological substances. | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/953 | |
| Japanese encephalitis vaccine | 2007 | Immunologicals > Vaccines | Immunologicals > Vaccines | 1 | Need for immunization against certain single viral diseases | 1 | J07BA02, J07BA03 | All vaccines should comply with the WHO requirements for biological substances. | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/436 | |
| Medicines for COVID-19 | 2023 | Medicines for COVID-19 | Medicines for COVID-19 | 1 | COVID-19 | 1 | Refer to WHO living guidelines | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/905 | ||
| abacavir | 2002 | Antiretrovirals > Nucleoside/Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors | Antiretrovirals > Nucleoside/Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors | 1 | Human immunodeficiency virus disease without mention of tuberculosis or malaria, clinical stage unspecified | 1 | J05AF06 | Oral > Solid: 300 mg tablet (as sulfate) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/315 | |
| abacavir + dolutegravir + lamivudine | 2025 | Fixed-dose combinations of antiretrovirals | Fixed-dose combinations of antiretrovirals | 1 | Human immunodeficiency virus disease without mention of tuberculosis or malaria, clinical stage unspecified | 1 | J05AR13 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 60 mg (as sulfate) + 5 mg + 30 mg (dispersible, scored) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/947 | |
| abacavir + lamivudine | 2015 | Fixed-dose combinations of antiretrovirals | Fixed-dose combinations of antiretrovirals | 1 | Human immunodeficiency virus disease without mention of tuberculosis or malaria, clinical stage unspecified | 1 | J05AR02 | Oral > Solid: 120 mg (as sulfate) + 60 mg tablet (dispersible, scored) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/316 | |
| abiraterone | 2019 | Hormones and antihormones | Hormones and antihormones | 1 | Malignant neoplasms of prostate | 1 | L02BX03 | Oral > Solid: 250 mg; 500 mg | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/406 | |
| acamprosate calcium | 2023 | Medicines for alcohol use disorders | Medicines for alcohol use disorders | 1 | Disorders due to use of alcohol | 1 | N07BB03 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 333 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/908 | |
| acenocoumarol | 2025 | Medicines affecting coagulation | Medicines affecting coagulation | 1 | Venous thromboembolism; Cerebral ischaemic stroke due to embolic occlusion; Atrial fibrillation; Other specified diseases of arteries or arterioles | 4 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/979 | |||
| acetazolamide | 1977 | Ophthalmological preparations > Miotics and antiglaucoma medicines | Ophthalmological preparations > Miotics and antiglaucoma medicines | 1 | Primary open-angle glaucoma | 1 | S01EC01 | Oral > Solid: 250 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/234 | |
| acetic acid | 2009 | Ear, nose and throat medicines [c] | Ear, nose and throat medicines [c] | 1 | Infectious diseases of external ear | 1 | S02AA10 | Local > Otological > drops: 2% solution | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/270 | |
| acetylcysteine | 1999 | Antidotes and other substances used in poisonings > Specific | Antidotes and other substances used in poisonings > Specific | 1 | Exposure to or harmful effects of undetermined intent of analgesics, antipyretics or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs | 1 | V03AB23 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 200 mg per mL in 10 mL ampoule Oral > Liquid: 10%; 20% | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/36 | |
| acetylsalicylic acid | 1977 | Medicines for acute migraine attacks | Medicines for acute migraine attacks; Anti-platelet medicines; Medicines for juvenile joint diseases; Non-opioids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIMs) | 4 | Migraine; Acute myocardial infarction; Cerebral ischaemic stroke; Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome; Juvenile idiopathic arthritis; Acute rheumatic fever without mention of heart involvement; Pain | 7 | N02BA01, B01AC06 | Oral > Solid: 300 to 500 mg; Oral > Solid: 100 mg; Local > Rectal > Suppository: 150 mg; 300 mg Oral > Solid > dispersible tablet: 75 mg; 300 mg; 500 mg Oral > Solid > tablet: 75 to 500 mg; Oral > Solid: 100 to 500 mg Local > Rectal > Suppository: 50 to 150 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/13 | |
| acetylsalicylic acid + atorvastatin + ramipril | 2023 | Fixed-dose combinations for prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease | Fixed-dose combinations for prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease | 1 | Atherosclerotic chronic arterial occlusive disease; Chronic ischaemic heart disease; Cerebral ischaemic stroke | 3 | C10BX06 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 100 mg + 20 mg + 2.5 mg; 100 mg + 20 mg + 5 mg; 100 mg + 20 mg + 10 mg; 100 mg + 40 mg + 2.5 mg; 100 mg + 40 mg + 5 mg; 100 mg + 40 mg + 10 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/910 | |
| acetylsalicylic acid + simvastatin + ramipril + atenolol + hydrochlorothiazide | 2023 | Fixed-dose combinations for prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease | Fixed-dose combinations for prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease | 1 | Atherosclerotic chronic arterial occlusive disease; Chronic ischaemic heart disease; Cerebral ischaemic stroke | 3 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 100 mg + 20 mg + 5 mg + 50 mg + 12.5 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/911 | ||
| aciclovir | 1997 | Ophthalmological preparations > Anti-infective agents | Ophthalmological preparations > Anti-infective agents; Antiherpes medicines; Medicines for viral central nervous system infections | 3 | Herpes simplex keratitis; Zoster; Herpes simplex infections; Varicella | 4 | S01AD03, J05AB01 | Local > Ophthalmological > Ointment: 3% w/w; Parenteral > General injections > IV: 250 mg in vial powder for solution for infusion (as sodium dihydrate); 25 mg per mL in vial solution for infusion (as sodium) Oral > Liquid: 200 mg per 5 mL Oral > Solid: 200 mg tablet Parenteral > General injections > IV: 250 mg in vial powder for solution for infusion (as sodium diihydrate); 25 mg per mL in vial solution for infusion (as sodium) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/226 | |
| aclidinium | 2025 | Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 1 | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/674 | |||
| activated charcoal | 1977 | Antidotes and other substances used in poisonings > Non-specific | Antidotes and other substances used in poisonings > Non-specific | 1 | Unspecified injury, poisoning or certain other consequences of external causes | 1 | A07BA01 | Oral > Liquid: 50 mg granules for oral suspension | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/297 | |
| adalimumab | 2019 | Immunomodulators for non-malignant disease | Immunomodulators for non-malignant disease; Medicines for juvenile joint diseases; Dermatological medicines > Medicines affecting skin differentiation and proliferation | 3 | Axial spondyloarthritis; Crohn disease site; Rheumatoid arthritis; Juvenile idiopathic arthritis; Psoriasis of unspecified type | 5 | L04AB04 | Parenteral > General injections > SC: 40 mg per 0.8 mL; 40 mg per 0.4 mL; 10 mg per 0.2 mL; 20 mg per 0.4 mL; Parenteral > General injections > SC: 10 mg per 0.2 mL mL in pre-filled syringe or pre-filled pen.; 20 mg per 0.2 mL mL in pre-filled syringe or pre-filled pen.; 20 mg per 0.4 mL mL in pre-filled syringe or pre-filled pen.; 40 mg per 0.4 mL mL in pre-filled syringe or pre-filled pen.; 40 mg per 0.8 mL mL in pre-filled syringe or pre-filled pen.; 80 mg per 0.8 mL mL in pre-filled syringe or pre-filled pen. | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/552 | |
| afatinib | 2019 | Targeted therapies | Targeted therapies | 1 | Other specified malignant neoplasms of bronchus or lung | 1 | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/404 | |||
| albendazole | 1989 | Intestinal anthelminthics | Intestinal anthelminthics; Cysticidal medicines; Antifilarials | 3 | Echinococcosis; Cysticercosis; Hookworm diseases; Trichuriasis; Ascariasis; Enterobiasis; Other specified echinococcosis; Cysticercosis of central nervous system; Lymphatic filariasis | 9 | P02CA03 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 400 mg (chewable, scored); Oral > Solid > tablet: 400 mg (chewable, scored); 200 mg (chewable) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/57 | |
| alcohol based hand rub | 2015 | Disinfectants | Disinfectants | 1 | Denatured alcohol | 1 | D08AX08 | Local > Topical > Solution: 80% v/v ethanol; 75% v/v isopropyl alcohol | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/173 | |
| all-trans retinoic acid | 2015 | Targeted therapies | Targeted therapies | 1 | Acute myeloid leukaemia with recurrent genetic abnormalities | 1 | L01XF01 | Oral > Solid: 10 mg capsule | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/70 | |
| allopurinol | 1977 | Medicines used to treat gout | Medicines used to treat gout; Supportive medicines | 2 | Gout; Tumour lysis syndrome | 2 | M04AA01 | Oral > Solid: 100 mg; Parenteral > General injections > IV: 500 mg (as sodium) powder for injection Oral > Solid: 100 mg; 300 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/71 | |
| alprostadil (prostaglandin E1) | 2009 | Medicines administered to the neonate [c] | Medicines administered to the neonate [c] | 1 | Other specified congenital anomaly of great arteries including arterial duct | 1 | C01EA01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 0.5 mg per mL in alcohol | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/273 | |
| alteplase | 2019 | Thrombolytic medicines | Thrombolytic medicines | 1 | Cerebral ischaemic stroke | 1 | B01AD02 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 10 mg in vial powder for injection; 20 mg in vial powder for injection; 50 mg in vial powder for injection | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/482 | |
| amidotrizoate | 1977 | Diagnostic agents > Radiocontrast media | Diagnostic agents > Radiocontrast media | 1 | Amidotrizoate | 1 | V08AA01 | Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 140 to 420 mg iodine per mL in 20 mL ampoule (as sodium or meglumine salt) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/166 | |
| amikacin | 1999 | Ophthalmological preparations > Anti-infective agents | Ophthalmological preparations > Anti-infective agents; Access group antibiotics; Antituberculosis medicines | 3 | Other specified conjunctivitis; Infectious blepharitis; Acute pyelonephritis (severe); Neutropaenia (high-risk); Inflammatory or other diseases of prostate (severe); Multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis | 6 | J01GB06 | Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 50 mg per mL in 2 mL vial (as sulfate); 250 mg per mL in 2 mL vial (as sulfate) Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 250 mg per mL in 2 mL vial (as sulfate); 50 mg per mL in 2 mL vial (as sulfate) Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 250 mg per mL in 2 mL vial (as sulfate); Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 250 mg per mL in 2 mL vial (as sulfate) | cefotaxime; ceftriaxone | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/327 |
| amiloride | 1979 | Diuretics | Diuretics | 1 | Oedema; Ascites | 2 | C03DB01 | Oral > Solid: 5 mg (hydrochloride) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/176 | |
| amiodarone | 2009 | Antiarrhythmic medicines | Antiarrhythmic medicines | 1 | Cardiac arrhythmia | 1 | C01BD01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 50 mg per mL in 3 ampoule (hydrochloride) Oral > Solid: 100 mg (hydrochloride); 200 mg (hydrochloride); 400 mg (hydrochloride) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/135 | |
| amitriptyline | 1977 | Medicines for other common symptoms in palliative care | Medicines for other common symptoms in palliative care; Medicines for depressive disorders | 2 | Palliative care; Depressive disorders | 2 | N06AA09 | Oral > Liquid: 25 mg per 5 mL Oral > Solid > tablet: 25 mg; 10 mg; 75 mg; Oral > Solid: 25 mg; 75 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/19 | |
| amlodipine | 2005 | Antihypertensive medicines | Antihypertensive medicines | 1 | Essential hypertension | 1 | C08CA01 | Oral > Solid: 5 mg (as maleate, mesylate or besylate) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/136 | |
| amodiaquine - sulfadoxine + pyrimethamine | 2019 | Antimalarial medicines > Medicines for chemoprevention | Antimalarial medicines > Medicines for chemoprevention | 1 | Malaria | 1 | P01BA06, P01BD51 | Oral > Solid > dispersible tablet: 76.5 mg (as hydrochloride) [3] + 250 mg + 12.5 mg [1] in co-package; 153 mg (as hydrochloride) [3] + 500 mg + 25 mg [1] in co-package; 75 mg (as hydrochloride) [3] + 250 mg + 12.5 mg [1] in co-package; 150 mg (as hydrochloride) [3] + 500 mg + 25 mg [1] in co-package | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/564 | |
| amoxicillin | 1989 | Access group antibiotics | Access group antibiotics; Medicines for bacterial central nervous system infections | 2 | Acute pharyngitis; Periapical abscess without sinus; Acute sinusitis; Acute otitis media; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with acute exacerbation; Sepsis without septic shock; Acute malnutrition in infants, children or adolescents (uncomplicated) [children]; Acute malnutrition in infants, children or adolescents (complicated) [children]; Bacterial pneumonia (Community-acquired pneumonia - mild to moderate); Bacterial pneumonia (Community-acquired pneumonia - severe) [children]; Bacterial meningitis | 11 | J01CA04 | Oral > Liquid: 125 mg per 5 mL (as trihydrate) powder for oral liquid; 250 mg per 5 mL (as trihydrate) powder for oral liquid Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 250 mg in vial (as sodium) powder for injection; 500 mg in vial (as sodium) powder for injection; 1 g in vial (as sodium) powder for injection Oral > Solid > dispersible tablet: 250 mg (scored) (as trihydrate); 500 mg (scored) (as trihydrate) Oral > Solid > dosage form: 250 mg (as trihydrate); 500 mg (as trihydrate) Oral > Solid > dosage form: 250 mg (as trihydrate); 500 mg (as trihydrate); 1 g (as trihydrate) Oral > Liquid: 125 mg per 5 mL (anhydrous) powder for oral liquid; 250 mg per 5 mL (anhydrous) powder for oral liquid; Oral > Liquid: 125 mg per 5 mL (as trihydrate) powder for oral liquid; 250 mg per 5 mL (as trihydrate) powder for oral liquid Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 250 mg in vial (as sodium) powder for injection; 500 mg in vial (as sodium) powder for injection; 1 g in vial (as sodium) powder for injection Oral > Solid > dispersible tablet: 250 mg (scored) (as trihydrate); 500 mg (scored) (as trihydrate) Oral > Solid > dosage form: 250 mg (as trihydrate); 500 mg (as trihydrate) | gentamicin | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/299 |
| amoxicillin + clavulanic acid | 1997 | Access group antibiotics | Access group antibiotics; Antituberculosis medicines | 2 | Bacterial pneumonia (Community-acquired pneumonia - severe) [children]; Acute sinusitis; Other specified pneumonia (Hospital-acquired pneumonia); Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with acute exacerbation; Neutropaenia (low-risk); Peritoneal abscess (mild-moderate); Peritonitis (mild-moderate); Infectious cystitis; Bacterial cellulitis, erysipelas or lymphangitis; Bacterial pneumonia (Community-acquired pneumonia - mild to moderate); Bacterial pneumonia (Community-acquired pneumonia - severe); Bacterial infection of joint; Acute otitis media; Other specified prophylactic measures; Osteomyelitis or osteitis; Multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis | 16 | J01CR02 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 500 mg (as sodium salt) + 100 mg (as potassium salt) powder for injection; 1000 mg (as sodium salt) + 200 mg (as potassium salt) powder for injection Oral > Liquid: 125 mg (as trihydrate) + 31.25 mg (as potassium salt) / 5 mL powder for oral liquid; 250 mg (as trihydrate) + 62.5 mg (as potassium salt) / 5 mL powder for oral liquid Oral > Solid > dispersible tablet: 200 mg (as trihydrate) + 28.5 mg (as potassium salt); 250 mg (as trihydrate) + 62.5 mg (as potassium salt) Oral > Solid > tablet: 500 mg (as trihydrate) + 125 mg (as potassium salt); 875 mg (as trihydrate) + 125 mg (as potassium salt) Oral > Solid > tablet: 500 mg (as trihydrate) + 125 mg (as potassium salt); Oral > Liquid: 250 mg (as trihydrate) + 62.5 mg (as potassium salt) / 5 mL powder for oral liquid Oral > Solid > dispersible tablet: 250 (as trihydrate) + 62.5 (as potassium salt) Oral > Solid > tablet: 500 mg (as trihydrate) + 125 mg (as potassium salt) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/310 | |
| amphotericin B | 1977 | Antifungal medicines | Antifungal medicines; Antileishmaniasis medicines | 2 | Candidosis; Blastomycosis; Cryptococcosis; Coccidioidomycosis; Aspergillosis; Sporotrichosis; Histoplasmosis; Visceral leishmaniasis | 8 | J02AA01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 50 mg in vial powder for injection (liposomal complex); 50 mg in vial powder for injection (as sodium deoxycholate) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/357 | |
| ampicillin | 1977 | Access group antibiotics | Access group antibiotics; Medicines for bacterial central nervous system infections | 2 | Bacterial pneumonia (Community-acquired pneumonia - severe) [children]; Acute malnutrition in infants, children or adolescents (complicated) [children]; Sepsis without septic shock; Peritoneal abscess (mild-moderate); Peritoneal abscess (severe); Peritonitis (mild-moderate); Peritonitis (severe); Bacterial meningitis | 8 | J01CA01 | Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 500 mg in vial (as sodium salt) powder for injection; 1 g in vial (as sodium salt) powder for injection Oral > Liquid: 125 mg per 5 mL (anhydrous) powder for oral suspension Oral > Solid: 250 mg (anhydrous); 500 mg (anhydrous); Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 500 mg in vial (as sodium salt) powder for injection; 1 g in vial (as sodium salt) powder for injection | gentamicin | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/302 |
| anastrozole | 2015 | Hormones and antihormones | Hormones and antihormones; Ovulation inducers | 2 | Malignant neoplasms of breast; Other specified malignant neoplasms of breast; Female infertility without specification whether primary or secondary | 3 | L02BG03 | Oral > Solid: 1 mg tablet | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/111 | |
| anidulafungin | 2021 | Antifungal medicines | Antifungal medicines | 1 | Systemic or invasive candidosis | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/620 | |||
| ansuvimab | 2023 | Medicines for Ebola virus disease | Medicines for Ebola virus disease | 1 | Ebola virus disease | 1 | J06BD04 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 400 mg powder for injection | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/900 | |
| anti-D immunoglobulin | 1977 | Human immunoglobulins | Human immunoglobulins | 1 | Maternal care for red cell antibodies; Rh incompatibility reaction | 2 | J06BB01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 250 µg in single-dose vial Parenteral > General injections > IM: 250 µg in single-dose vial | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/460 | |
| anti-rabies immunoglobulin | 1991 | Human immunoglobulins | Human immunoglobulins | 1 | Rabies | 1 | J06BB05 | Parenteral > General injections > IM: 150 IU per mL in vial Parenteral > Locoregional injections > Other: 150 IU per mL in vial | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/462 | |
| anti-rabies virus monoclonal antibodies | 2021 | Immunologicals > Sera, immunoglobulins and monoclonal antibodies | Immunologicals > Sera, immunoglobulins and monoclonal antibodies | 1 | Rabies | 1 | Parenteral > Locoregional injections > Intradermal: 40 IU per mL in 1.25 mL vial (human); 40 IU per mL in 2.5 mL vial (human); 100 IU per mL in 2.5 mL vial (human); 300 IU per mL in 10 mL vial (murine); 600 IU per mL in 1 mL vial (murine); 600 IU per mL in 2.5 mL vial (murine); 600 IU per mL in 5 mL vial (murine) | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/604 | ||
| anti-tetanus immunoglobulin | 1984 | Human immunoglobulins | Human immunoglobulins | 1 | Tetanus | 1 | J06BB02 | Parenteral > General injections > IM: 500 IU in vial | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/464 | |
| antivenom immunoglobulin | 2007 | Immunologicals > Sera, immunoglobulins and monoclonal antibodies | Immunologicals > Sera, immunoglobulins and monoclonal antibodies | 1 | Harmful effects of or exposure to noxious substances, chiefly nonmedicinal as to source, not elsewhere classified | 1 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/508 | ||
| apixaban | 2019 | Medicines affecting coagulation | Medicines affecting coagulation | 1 | Other specified atrial fibrillation; Venous thromboembolism | 2 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/478 | |||
| aprepitant | 2019 | Antiemetic medicines | Antiemetic medicines | 1 | Nausea or vomiting | 1 | A04AD12 | Oral > Liquid: 125 mg powder for oral suspension (in sachet) Oral > Solid > capsule: 80 mg; 125 mg; 165 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/536 | |
| aripiprazole | 2023 | Medicines for psychotic disorders | Medicines for psychotic disorders | 1 | Schizophrenia or other primary psychotic disorders | 1 | Parenteral > General injections > IM: 300 mg powder and solvent for suspension; 400 mg powder and solvent for suspension | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/921 | ||
| arpraziquantel | 2025 | Antischistosomals and other antitrematode medicines | Antischistosomals and other antitrematode medicines | 1 | Schistosomiasis | 1 | Oral > Solid > dispersible tablet: 150 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/948 | ||
| arsenic trioxide | 2019 | Cytotoxic medicines | Cytotoxic medicines | 1 | Acute myeloid leukaemia with recurrent genetic abnormalities | 1 | L01XX27 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 1 mg per mL concentrate for solution for infusion; 2 mg per mL concentrate for solution for infusion | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/554 | |
| artemether | 1997 | Antimalarial medicines > Medicines for curative treatment | Antimalarial medicines > Medicines for curative treatment | 1 | Malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum; Malaria due to Plasmodium vivax | 2 | P01BE02 | Parenteral > General injections > IM: 20 mg per mL in 1 mL ampoule (oily injection); 40 mg per mL in 1 mL ampoule (oily injection) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/372 | |
| artemether + lumefantrine | 2002 | Antimalarial medicines > Medicines for curative treatment | Antimalarial medicines > Medicines for curative treatment | 1 | Malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum; Malaria due to Plasmodium vivax | 2 | P01BF01 | Oral > Solid > dispersible tablet: 20 mg + 120 mg Oral > Solid > tablet: 20 mg + 120 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/373 | |
| artesunate | 1999 | Antimalarial medicines > Medicines for curative treatment | Antimalarial medicines > Medicines for curative treatment | 1 | Malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum; Malaria due to Plasmodium vivax | 2 | P01BE03 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 60 mg in vial powder for injection; 30 mg in vial powder for injection; 120 mg in vial powder for injection Local > Rectal > Other: 100 mg capsules | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/374 | |
| artesunate + amodiaquine | 2011 | Antimalarial medicines > Medicines for curative treatment | Antimalarial medicines > Medicines for curative treatment | 1 | Malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum; Malaria due to Plasmodium vivax | 2 | P01BF03 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 25 mg + 67.5 mg; 50 mg + 135 mg; 100 mg + 270 mg Oral > Solid > tablet: 25 mg + 67.5 mg; 50 mg + 135 mg; 100 mg + 270 mg tablet | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/375 | |
| artesunate + mefloquine | 2013 | Antimalarial medicines > Medicines for curative treatment | Antimalarial medicines > Medicines for curative treatment | 1 | Malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum; Malaria due to Plasmodium vivax | 2 | P01BF02 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 25 mg + 50 mg (as hydrochloride); 100 mg + 200 mg (as hydrochloride) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/376 | |
| artesunate + pyronaridine | 2017 | Antimalarial medicines > Medicines for curative treatment | Antimalarial medicines > Medicines for curative treatment | 1 | Malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum; Malaria due to Plasmodium vivax | 2 | P01BF06 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 60 mg + 180 mg (tetraphosphate) Oral > Solid > granules: 20 mg + 60 mg (tetraphosphate) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/377 | |
| artesunate - sulfadoxine + pyrimethamine | 2025 | Antimalarial medicines > Medicines for curative treatment | Antimalarial medicines > Medicines for curative treatment | 1 | Malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum; Malaria due to Plasmodium vivax | 2 | P01BF09 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 50 mg [3] + 500 mg + 25 mg [1] in copackage (scored) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/978 | |
| ascorbic acid | 1977 | Vitamins and minerals | Vitamins and minerals | 1 | Scurvy | 1 | A11GA01 | Oral > Solid: 50 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/259 | |
| asparaginase | 1993 | Cytotoxic medicines | Cytotoxic medicines | 1 | Lymphoid leukaemia, not elsewhere classified | 1 | L01XX02 | Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 10000 IU in vial powder for injection Powder for injection: 10 000 IU in vial. | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/72 | |
| atazanavir + ritonavir | 2017 | Antiretrovirals > Protease inhibitors | Antiretrovirals > Protease inhibitors | 1 | Human immunodeficiency virus disease without mention of tuberculosis or malaria, clinical stage unspecified | 1 | J05AR23 | Oral > Solid: 300 mg (as sulfate) + 100 mg tablet (heat stable) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/283 | |
| atenolol | 1991 | Antihypertensive medicines | Antihypertensive medicines | 1 | Essential hypertension | 1 | Oral > Solid: 50 mg; 100 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/496 | ||
| atezolizumab | 2025 | Immunomodulators | Immunomodulators | 1 | Other specified malignant neoplasms of bronchus or lung | 1 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 840 mg per 14 mL in vial concentrate for solution for infusion; 1200 mg per 20 mL in vial concentrate for solution for infusion Parenteral > General injections > IV: 1.2 g per 20 mL concentrate solution for infusion | true | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/570 | ||
| atoltivimab + maftivimab + odesivimab | 2023 | Medicines for Ebola virus disease | Medicines for Ebola virus disease | 1 | Ebola virus disease | 1 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 241.7 mg + 241.7 mg + 241.7 mg in 14.5 mL vial | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/901 | ||
| atorvastatin | 2021 | Lipid-lowering agents | Lipid-lowering agents | 1 | Mixed hyperlipidaemia; Coronary atherosclerosis | 2 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/529 | |||
| atorvastatin + perindopril + amlodipine | 2023 | Fixed-dose combinations for prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease | Fixed-dose combinations for prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease | 1 | Atherosclerotic chronic arterial occlusive disease; Chronic ischaemic heart disease; Cerebral ischaemic stroke | 3 | C10BX11 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 20 mg + 5 mg + 5 mg; 20 mg + 10 mg + 10 mg; 40 mg + 5 mg + 5 mg; 40 mg + 10 mg + 10 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/912 | |
| atracurium | 2011 | Muscle relaxants (peripherally-acting) and cholinesterase inhibitors | Muscle relaxants (peripherally-acting) and cholinesterase inhibitors | 1 | Muscle relaxants | 1 | M03AC04 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 10 mg per mL (besylate) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/222 | |
| atropine | 1977 | Diagnostic agents > Ophthalmic medicines | Diagnostic agents > Ophthalmic medicines; Ophthalmological preparations > Mydriatics; Antidotes and other substances used in poisonings > Specific; Preoperative medication and sedation for short-term procedures | 4 | Cycloplegic drug; Anterior uveitis; Exposure to or harmful effects of undetermined intent of pesticides; Parasympatholytics [anticholinergics and antimuscarinics] and spasmolytics | 4 | S01FA01, A03BA01 | Local > Ophthalmological > Solution (eye drops): 0.1% (sulfate); 0.5% (sulfate); 1% (sulfate); Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 1 mg in 1 mL ampoule or vial (sulfate); Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 1 mg in 1 mL ampoule or vial (sulfate); 400 µg per mL in 1 mL ampoule or vial (sulfate) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/10 | |
| azathioprine | 1979 | Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) | Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs); Immunomodulators for non-malignant disease | 2 | Rheumatoid arthritis, serology unspecified; Psoriatic arthritis; Failure or rejection of transplanted organs or tissues | 3 | L04AX01 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 50 mg (scored); Oral > Solid > tablet: 50 mg (scored) Parenteral > General injections > IV: 50 mg in vial powder for injection (as sodium salt); 100 mg in vial powder for injection (as sodium salt) Oral > Liquid: 10 mg per mL Oral > Solid > tablet: 25 mg; 50 mg (scored) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/68 | |
| azithromycin | 2003 | Watch group antibiotics | Watch group antibiotics; Ophthalmological preparations > Anti-infective agents | 2 | Cholera; Cholera [children]; Paratyphoid fever; Chlamydia trachomatis; Typhoid fever; Yaws; Trachoma; Gonococcal infection; Infectious gastroenteritis or colitis without specification of infectious agent | 9 | J01FA10, S01AA26 | Oral > Liquid: 200 mg per 5 mL (anhydrous) powder for oral liquid Oral > Solid > dosage form: 250 mg (anhydrous); 500 mg (anhydrous); Local > Ophthalmological > Solution (eye drops): 1.5% eye drops | ceftriaxone; cefixime | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/227 |
| baclofen | 2025 | Medicines for cerebral palsy | Medicines for cerebral palsy | 1 | Spastic cerebral palsy | 1 | M03BX01 | Oral > Liquid: 10 mg per 5 mL Parenteral > Locoregional injections > Intrathecal: 500 µg per mL in ampoule Oral > Solid > tablet: 10 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/971 | |
| barium sulfate | 1977 | Diagnostic agents > Radiocontrast media | Diagnostic agents > Radiocontrast media | 1 | Barium sulfate with suspending agents | 1 | V08BA01 | Oral > Liquid: Aqueous suspension | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/167 | |
| beclometasone | 1979 | Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 1 | Asthma | 1 | Respiratory > Inhalation > aerosol: 50 µg per dose (dipropionate); 250 µg per dose (dipropionatae) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/250 | ||
| beclometasone + formoterol | 2025 | Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 1 | Asthma | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/669 | |||
| bedaquiline | 2015 | Antituberculosis medicines | Antituberculosis medicines | 1 | Multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis | 1 | J04AK05 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 100 mg tablet; 20 mg tablet | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/279 | |
| bendamustine | 2015 | Cytotoxic medicines | Cytotoxic medicines | 1 | Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia or small lymphocytic lymphoma; Follicular lymphoma | 2 | L01AA09 | Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 45 mg per 0.5 mL; 180 mg per 2 mL | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/73 | |
| benzathine benzylpenicillin | 1977 | Access group antibiotics | Access group antibiotics | 1 | Congenital syphilis [children]; Syphilis | 2 | J01CE08 | Parenteral > General injections > IM: 1.2 million IU in vial (≈ 900 mg) powder for injection; 2.4 million IU in vial (≈ 1.8 g) powder for injection | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/311 | |
| benznidazole | 1987 | American trypanosomiasis | American trypanosomiasis | 1 | Chagas disease | 1 | P01CA02 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 100 mg (scored); 50 mg (scored); 12.5 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/391 | |
| benzoyl peroxide | 1989 | Dermatological medicines > Medicines affecting skin differentiation and proliferation | Dermatological medicines > Medicines affecting skin differentiation and proliferation | 1 | Acne | 1 | D10AE01 | Local > Topical > Cream: 5% Local > Topical > Lotion: 5% | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/157 | |
| benzyl benzoate | 1977 | Dermatological medicines > Scabicides and pediculicides | Dermatological medicines > Scabicides and pediculicides | 1 | Pediculosis corporis; Pediculosis capitis; Pthiriasis; Scabies | 4 | P03AX01 | Local > Topical > Lotion: 25% | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/162 | |
| benzylpenicillin | 1977 | Access group antibiotics | Access group antibiotics; Medicines for bacterial central nervous system infections | 2 | Bacterial pneumonia (Community-acquired pneumonia - severe) [children]; Acute malnutrition in infants, children or adolescents (complicated) [children]; Sepsis without septic shock; Congenital syphilis [children]; Syphilis; Bacterial meningitis | 6 | J01CE01 | Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 600 mg in vial powder for injection (=1 million IU as sodium or potassium salt); 3 g in vial powder for injection (=5 million IU as sodium or potassium salt) Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 600 mg in vial powder for injection (= 1 million IU as sodium or potassium salt); 3 g in vial powder for injection (= 5 million IU as sodium or potassium salt); Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 600 mg in vial powder for injection (=1 million IU as sodium or potassium salt); 3 g in vial powder for injection (=5 million IU as sodium or potassium salt) | gentamicin | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/303 |
| beractant | 2009 | Medicines administered to the neonate [c] | Medicines administered to the neonate [c] | 1 | Respiratory distress syndrome of newborn | 1 | R07AA02 | Respiratory > Suspension: 25 mg per mL for intratracheal instillation | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/274 | |
| betamethasone | 1977 | Dermatological medicines > Anti-inflammatory and antipruritic medicines | Dermatological medicines > Anti-inflammatory and antipruritic medicines | 1 | Dermatitis or eczema; Pruritus due to skin disorder; Psoriasis of unspecified type; Lichen planus | 4 | D07AC01 | Local > Topical > Cream: 0.1% (as valerate) Local > Topical > Ointment: 0.1% (as valerate) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/155 | |
| bevacizumab | 2013 | Ophthalmological preparations > Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) preparations | Ophthalmological preparations > Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) preparations | 1 | Age-related macular degeneration | 1 | S01LA08 | Parenteral > Locoregional injections > Intravitreal: 25 mg per mL | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/238 | |
| bicalutamide | 2015 | Hormones and antihormones | Hormones and antihormones | 1 | Malignant neoplasms of prostate | 1 | L02BB03 | Oral > Solid: 50 mg | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/112 | |
| biperiden | 1982 | Medicines for parkinsonism | Medicines for parkinsonism | 1 | Parkinson disease | 1 | N04AA02 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 5 mg per mL in 1 mL ampoule (lactate) Oral > Solid: 2 mg tablet (hydrochloride) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/116 | |
| bisacodyl | 2021 | Laxatives | Laxatives | 1 | Constipation | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/652 | |||
| bisoprolol | 2011 | Antianginal medicines | Antianginal medicines; Antihypertensive medicines; Antiarrhythmic medicines; Medicines used in heart failure | 4 | Angina pectoris; Essential hypertension; Cardiac arrhythmia; Heart failure | 4 | C07AB07 | Oral > Solid: 1.25 mg; 5 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/130 | |
| bleomycin | 1979 | Cytotoxic medicines | Cytotoxic medicines | 1 | Kaposi sarcoma of unspecified primary site; Germ cell tumour of testis; Other specified malignant neoplasms of the ovary; Hodgkin lymphoma | 4 | L01DC01 | Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 15000 IU in vial (as sulfate) | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/74 | |
| blinatumomab | 2025 | Immunomodulators | Immunomodulators | 1 | B lymphoblastic leukaemia or lymphoma, not elsewhere classified | 1 | L01FX07 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 35 µg in vial; 38.5 µg in vial | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/949 | |
| bortezomib | 2019 | Targeted therapies | Targeted therapies | 1 | Plasma cell myeloma | 1 | L01XG01 | Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 3.5 mg in vial powder for injection | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/407 | |
| bromocriptine | Medicines for disorders of the pituitary hormone system | Medicines for disorders of the pituitary hormone system | 1 | Other specified benign neoplasm of endocrine glands | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/592 | ||||
| budesonide | 2007 | Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Ear, nose and throat medicines [c] | 2 | Asthma; Allergic rhinitis | 2 | R03BA02, R01AD05 | Respiratory > Inhalation > powder: 100 µg per actuation in dry powder inhaler; 200 µg per actuation in dry powder inhaler Respiratory > Inhalation > suspension: 100 µg per actuation in pressurized metered dose inhaler; 200 µg per actuation in pressurized metered dose inhaler; Local > Nasal > Spray: 32 µg per actuation; 64 µg per actuation | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/251 | |
| budesonide + formoterol | 2017 | Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 1 | Asthma | 1 | R03AK07 | Respiratory > Inhalation > powder: 100 µg + 6 µg per dose actuation in dry powder inhaler; 200 µg + 6 µg per dose actuation in dry powder inhaler | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/252 | |
| budesonide + salmeterol | 2025 | Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 1 | Asthma | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/668 | |||
| bumetanide | 2023 | Diuretics | Diuretics; Medicines used in heart failure | 2 | Anuria or oliguria; Oedema; Heart failure | 3 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/648 | |||
| bupivacaine | 1977 | Local anaesthetics | Local anaesthetics | 1 | Local anaesthetics | 1 | N01BB01 | Parenteral > Locoregional injections > Spinal anaesthesia: 0.5% in 4 mL ampoule (hydrochloride) + 8% glucose solution Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 0.25% (hydrochloride); 0.5% (hydrochloride) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/7 | |
| buprenorphine | 2005 | Medicines for opioid use disorders | Medicines for opioid use disorders | 1 | Opioid dependence | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/644 | |||
| bupropion | 2021 | Medicines for nicotine use disorders | Medicines for nicotine use disorders | 1 | Nicotine dependence | 1 | N06AX12 | Oral > Solid: 150 mg sustained-release (hydrochloride) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/606 | |
| cabergoline | 2023 | Medicines for disorders of the pituitary hormone system | Medicines for disorders of the pituitary hormone system | 1 | Other specified benign neoplasm of endocrine glands | 1 | G02CB03 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 0.5 mg; 1 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/593 | |
| caffeine citrate | 2007 | Medicines administered to the neonate [c] | Medicines administered to the neonate [c] | 1 | Apnoea of newborn | 1 | N06BC01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 20 mg per mL (equivalent to 10 mg caffeine base per mL) Oral > Liquid: 20 mg per mL (equivalent to 10 mg caffeine base per mL) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/426 | |
| calamine | 1982 | Dermatological medicines > Anti-inflammatory and antipruritic medicines | Dermatological medicines > Anti-inflammatory and antipruritic medicines | 1 | Pruritus | 1 | D02AB | Local > Topical > Lotion: | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/156 | |
| calcipotriol | 2021 | Dermatological medicines > Medicines affecting skin differentiation and proliferation | Dermatological medicines > Medicines affecting skin differentiation and proliferation | 1 | Psoriasis of unspecified type | 1 | D05AX02 | Local > Topical > Cream: 50 µg per mL (0.005%) Local > Topical > Lotion: 50 µg per mL (0.005%) Local > Topical > Ointment: 50 µg per mL (0.005%) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/609 | |
| calcitriol | 2021 | Dermatological medicines > Medicines affecting skin differentiation and proliferation | Dermatological medicines > Medicines affecting skin differentiation and proliferation | 1 | Psoriasis of unspecified type | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/608 | |||
| calcium | 2013 | Vitamins and minerals | Vitamins and minerals | 1 | Calcium deficiency | 1 | A12AA20 | Oral > Solid: 500 mg (elemental calcium) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/260 | |
| calcium folinate (leucovorin calcium) | 1979 | Cytotoxic medicines | Cytotoxic medicines | 1 | Burkitt lymphoma including Burkitt leukaemia; Osteosarcoma of bone or articular cartilage of unspecified sites; Malignant neoplasms of rectum; Malignant neoplasm metastasis in large intestine; Malignant neoplasms of colon; Malignant trophoblastic neoplasms of placenta | 6 | V03AF03 | Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 3 mg per mL in 10 mL ampoule; 7.5 mg per mL in 2 mL ampoule; 10 mg per mL in 5 mL ampoule Oral > Solid > tablet: 15 mg; 5 mg; 25 mg Oral > Solid: 15 mg tablet Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 3 mg per mL in 10 mL ampoule | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/75 | |
| calcium gluconate | 1977 | Vitamins and minerals | Vitamins and minerals; Antidotes and other substances used in poisonings > Specific | 2 | Tetany due to acute calcium deficiency; Hypermagnesaemia | 2 | A12AA03 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 100 mg per mL in 10 mL ampoule; Parenteral > General injections > IV: 100 mg per mL in 10 mL ampoule or vial (10%) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/37 | |
| canagliflozin | 2021 | Hypoglycaemic agents | Hypoglycaemic agents | 1 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/612 | |||
| capecitabine | 2015 | Cytotoxic medicines | Cytotoxic medicines | 1 | Malignant neoplasms of rectum; Malignant neoplasm metastasis in large intestine; Malignant neoplasms of colon; Other specified malignant neoplasms of breast | 4 | L01BC06 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 150 mg; 500 mg | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/76 | |
| carbachol | 2021 | Ophthalmological preparations > Miotics and antiglaucoma medicines | Ophthalmological preparations > Miotics and antiglaucoma medicines | 1 | Acute angle closure with pupillary block; Ocular hypertension; Primary open-angle glaucoma | 3 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/657 | |||
| carbamazepine | 1977 | Antiseizure medicines | Antiseizure medicines; Medicines for bipolar disorders | 2 | Epilepsy or seizures; Bipolar or related disorders | 2 | N03AF01 | Oral > Liquid: 100 mg per 5 mL Oral > Solid > tablet: 100 mg (scored); 200 mg (scored); 100 mg (chewable); 200 mg (chewable); 400 mg (scored); Oral > Solid > tablet: 100 mg (scored); 200 mg (scored); 400 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/49 | |
| carbetocin | 2019 | Uterotonics | Uterotonics | 1 | Postpartum haemorrhage | 1 | H01BB03 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 100 µg per mL (heat stable) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/425 | |
| carbimazole | 2025 | Thyroid hormones and antithyroid medicines | Thyroid hormones and antithyroid medicines | 1 | Thyrotoxicosis | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/507 | |||
| carboplatin | 2009 | Cytotoxic medicines | Cytotoxic medicines | 1 | Other specified gliomas of brain; Malignant neoplasms of other or ill-defined sites in the lip, oral cavity or pharynx; Malignant neoplasms of cervix uteri; Malignant neoplasms of hypopharynx; Malignant neoplasms of nasopharynx; Malignant neoplasms of oropharynx; Osteosarcoma of bone or articular cartilage of unspecified sites; Other specified malignant neoplasms of the ovary; Germ cell tumour of testis; Other specified carcinomas of ovary; Other specified malignant neoplasms of bronchus or lung; Malignant neoplasms of breast; Retinoblastoma; Malignant neoplasms of kidney, except renal pelvis | 14 | L01XA02 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 50 mg per 5 mL; 150 mg per 15 mL; 450 mg per 45 mL; 600 mg per 60 mL | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/77 | |
| carvedilol | 2011 | Antianginal medicines | Antianginal medicines; Antihypertensive medicines; Antiarrhythmic medicines; Medicines used in heart failure | 4 | Angina pectoris; Essential hypertension; Cardiac arrhythmia; Heart failure | 4 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/498 | |||
| caspofungin | 2021 | Antifungal medicines | Antifungal medicines | 1 | Systemic or invasive candidosis | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/619 | |||
| cefalexin | 2009 | Access group antibiotics | Access group antibiotics | 1 | Bacterial cellulitis, erysipelas or lymphangitis; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with acute exacerbation; Acute pharyngitis | 3 | J01DB01 | Oral > Liquid: 125 mg per 5 mL (anhydrous) powder for oral liquid; 250 mg per 5 mL (anhydrous) powder for oral liquid Oral > Solid: 250 mg (as monohydrate); 500 mg (as monohydrate) Oral > Solid > dispersible tablet: 125 mg; 250 mg Oral > Solid: 250 mg (as monohydrate) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/304 | |
| cefazolin | 2007 | Access group antibiotics | Access group antibiotics | 1 | Other specified prophylactic measures; Bacterial infection of joint; Osteomyelitis or osteitis | 3 | J01DB04 | Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 1 g in vial (as sodium salt) powder for injection | metronidazole | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/305 |
| cefiderocol | 2021 | Reserve group antibiotics | Reserve group antibiotics | 1 | Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Other carbapenem resistant Enterobacterales; Carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae; Carbapenem resistant Escherichia coli | 4 | J01DI04 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 1 g in vial (as sulfate tosylate) powder for injection | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/611 | |
| cefixime | 2005 | Watch group antibiotics | Watch group antibiotics | 1 | Infectious gastroenteritis or colitis without specification of infectious agent; Gonococcal infection | 2 | J01DD08 | Oral > Liquid: 100 mg per 5 mL powder for oral liquid Oral > Solid: 200 mg (as trihydrate); 400 mg (as trihydrate) | azithromycin | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/307 |
| cefotaxime | 2009 | Watch group antibiotics | Watch group antibiotics; Medicines for bacterial central nervous system infections | 2 | Acute pyelonephritis (severe); Bacterial pneumonia (Community-acquired pneumonia - severe) [children]; Bacterial pneumonia (Community-acquired pneumonia - severe); Other specified pneumonia (Hospital-acquired pneumonia); Peritoneal abscess (mild-moderate); Peritoneal abscess (severe); Peritonitis (mild-moderate); Peritonitis (severe); Inflammatory or other diseases of prostate (severe); Bacterial meningitis; Acute pyelonephritis (mild to moderate); Sepsis without septic shock; Bacterial infection of joint; Inflammatory or other diseases of prostate (mild to moderate); Osteomyelitis or osteitis | 15 | J01DD01 | Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 250 mg in vial powder for injection (as sodium salt); 500 mg in vial powder for injection (as sodium salt); 1 g in vial powder for injection (as sodium salt); 2 g in vial powder for injection (as sodium salt) Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 250 mg in vial powder for injection (as sodium salt); Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 250 mg in vial powder for injection (as sodium salt); 500 mg in vial powder for injection (as sodium salt); 1 g in vial powder for injection (as sodium salt); 2 g in vial powder for injection (as sodium salt) | metronidazole; amikacin | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/312 |
| ceftazidime | 1995 | Watch group antibiotics | Watch group antibiotics | 1 | Endophthalmitis; Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistant to other antibiotic | 2 | J01DD02 | Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 250 mg in vial (as pentahydrate) powder for injection; 1 g in vial (as pentahydrate) powder for injection | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/328 | |
| ceftazidime + avibactam | 2019 | Reserve group antibiotics | Reserve group antibiotics | 1 | Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Other carbapenem resistant Enterobacterales; Carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae; Carbapenem resistant Escherichia coli | 4 | J01DD52 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 2 g in vial + 0.5 g in vial powder for injection | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/395 | |
| ceftolozane + tazobactam | 2023 | Reserve group antibiotics | Reserve group antibiotics | 1 | Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 1 | J01DI54 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 1 g + 0.5 g powder for injection | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/398 | |
| ceftriaxone | 1995 | Watch group antibiotics | Watch group antibiotics; Medicines for bacterial central nervous system infections | 2 | Other specified pneumonia (Hospital-acquired pneumonia); Acute pyelonephritis (severe); Paratyphoid fever; Typhoid fever; Endophthalmitis; Bacterial pneumonia (Community-acquired pneumonia - severe); Bacterial pneumonia (Community-acquired pneumonia - severe) [children]; Necrotising fasciitis; Peritoneal abscess (mild-moderate); Peritoneal abscess (severe); Peritonitis (mild-moderate); Peritonitis (severe); Inflammatory or other diseases of prostate (severe); Gonococcal infection; Bacterial meningitis; Acute pyelonephritis (mild to moderate); Bacterial infection of joint; Sepsis without septic shock; Infectious gastroenteritis or colitis without specification of infectious agent; Inflammatory or other diseases of prostate (mild to moderate); Osteomyelitis or osteitis | 21 | J01DD04 | Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 250 mg in vial powder for injection (as sodium salt); 500 mg in vial powder for injection (as sodium salt); 1 g in vial powder for injection (as sodium salt); 2 g in vial powder for injection (as sodium salt) Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 250 mg in vial powder for injection (as sodium salt); 500 mg in vial powder for injection (as sodium salt); 1 g in vial powder for injection (as sodium salt) Parenteral > Locoregional injections > Intravitreal: 250 mg in vial powder for injection (as sodium salt); 500 mg in vial powder for injection (as sodium salt); 1 g in vial powder for injection (as sodium salt); 2 g in vial powder for injection (as sodium salt) Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 250 mg in vial powder for injection (as sodium salt); 500 mg in vial powder for injection (as sodium salt); 1 g in vial powder for injection (as sodium salt); 2 g in vial Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 250 mg in vial powder for injection (as sodium salt); 1 g in vial powder for injection (as sodium salt); Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 250 mg in vial powder for injection (as sodium salt); 500 mg in vial powder for injection (as sodium salt); 1 g in vial powder for injection (as sodium salt); 2 g in vial powder for injection (as sodium salt) | metronidazole; amikacin; azithromycin | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/314 |
| cefuroxime | 2019 | Watch group antibiotics | Watch group antibiotics | 1 | Other specified prophylactic measures | 1 | J01DC02 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 250 mg in vial (as sodium salt) powder for injection; 750 mg in vial (as sodium salt) powder for injection; 1.5 g in vial (as sodium salt) powder for injection | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/401 | |
| cemiplimab | 2025 | Immunomodulators | Immunomodulators | 1 | Other specified malignant neoplasms of bronchus or lung | 1 | L01FF06 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 50 mg per mL in 7 mL vial concentrate for solution for infusion | true | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/937 | |
| certolizumab pegol | 2023 | Immunomodulators for non-malignant disease | Immunomodulators for non-malignant disease; Medicines for juvenile joint diseases; Dermatological medicines > Medicines affecting skin differentiation and proliferation | 3 | Axial spondyloarthritis; Crohn disease site; Rheumatoid arthritis; Juvenile idiopathic arthritis; Psoriasis of unspecified type | 5 | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/550 | |||
| cetirizine | 2025 | Antiallergics and medicines used in anaphylaxis | Antiallergics and medicines used in anaphylaxis | 1 | Allergic or hypersensitivity conditions of unspecified type | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/633 | |||
| chlorambucil | 1979 | Cytotoxic medicines | Cytotoxic medicines | 1 | Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia or small lymphocytic lymphoma | 1 | L01AA02 | Oral > Solid: 2 mg tablet | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/78 | |
| chloramphenicol | 1977 | Access group antibiotics | Access group antibiotics; Medicines for bacterial central nervous system infections | 2 | Bacterial meningitis | 1 | J01BA01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 1 g in vial powder for injection (sodium succinate) Parenteral > General injections > IM: 500 mg in 2 mL ampoule oily suspension for injection Oral > Liquid: 150 mg per 5 mL (as palmitate) Oral > Solid: 250 mg capsule; Parenteral > General injections > IV: 1 g in vial powder for injection (sodium succinate) Parenteral > General injections > IM: 500 mg in 2 mL ampoule oily suspension for injection | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/332 | |
| chlorhexidine | 1979 | Medicines administered to the neonate [c] | Medicines administered to the neonate [c]; Antiseptics | 2 | Omphalitis of newborn; Chlorhexidine | 2 | D08AC02 | Local > Topical > Solution: 7.1% chlorhexidine digluconate (delivering 4% chlorhexidine) Local > Topical > Gel: 7.1% chlorhexidine digluconate (delivering 4% chlorhexidine); Local > Topical > Solution: 5% (digluconate) for dilution | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/170 | |
| chlorine base compound | 1997 | Disinfectants | Disinfectants | 1 | Disinfectant, not elsewhere classified | 1 | V07AV | Local > Topical > Powder: 0.1% available chlorine for solution Local > Topical > Liquid: 0.1% available chlorine for solution Local > Topical > Solid: 0.1% available chlorine for solution | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/174 | |
| chloroquine | 1977 | Antimalarial medicines > Medicines for curative treatment | Antimalarial medicines > Medicines for curative treatment; Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs); Antimalarial medicines > Medicines for chemoprophylaxis in travellers | 3 | Malaria due to Plasmodium vivax; Rheumatoid arthritis | 2 | P01BA01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 40 mg per mL in 5 mL ampoule (as hydrochloride, phosphate or sulfate) Oral > Liquid: 50 mg per 5 mL syrup (as phosphate or sulfate) Oral > Solid: 150 mg tablet (as phosphate or sulfate); 100 mg tablet (as phosphate or sulfate) Oral > Liquid: 50 mg per 5 mL (base) Oral > Solid > tablet: 150 mg (base); Oral > Solid: 100 mg tablet (as phosphate or sulfate); 150 mg tablet (as phosphate or sulfate); Oral > Liquid: 50 mg per 5 mL (base) Oral > Solid > tablet: 150 mg (base) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/275 | |
| chlorothiazide | 2021 | Antihypertensive medicines | Antihypertensive medicines; Medicines used in heart failure | 2 | Essential hypertension; Heart failure | 2 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/645 | |||
| chloroxylenol | 1997 | Disinfectants | Disinfectants | 1 | Phenol disinfectant, not elsewhere classified | 1 | D08AE05 | Local > Topical > Solution: 4.8% | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/175 | |
| chlorpromazine | 1977 | Medicines for psychotic disorders | Medicines for psychotic disorders | 1 | Schizophrenia or other primary psychotic disorders | 1 | Oral > Liquid: 25 mg per 5 mL (hydrochloride) Oral > Solid: 100 mg (hydrochloride) Oral > Solid: 100 mg (hydrochloride); 10 mg (hydrochloride); 25 mg (hydrochloride); 50 mg (hydrochloride) Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 25 mg per mL in 2 mL ampoule (hydrochloride) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/244 | ||
| chlortalidone | 2021 | Antihypertensive medicines | Antihypertensive medicines; Medicines used in heart failure | 2 | Essential hypertension; Heart failure | 2 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/646 | |||
| chlortetracycline | 2021 | Ophthalmological preparations > Anti-infective agents | Ophthalmological preparations > Anti-infective agents | 1 | Other specified conjunctivitis; Infectious keratitis; Infectious blepharitis; Trachoma | 4 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/655 | |||
| cholera vaccine | 2007 | Immunologicals > Vaccines | Immunologicals > Vaccines | 1 | Need for immunization against cholera alone | 1 | J07AE01 | All vaccines should comply with the WHO requirements for biological substances. | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/435 | |
| ciclesonide | 2025 | Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 1 | Asthma | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/664 | |||
| ciclosporin | 1991 | Immunomodulators for non-malignant disease | Immunomodulators for non-malignant disease | 1 | Failure or rejection of transplanted organs or tissues | 1 | L04AD01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 50 mg per mL in 1 mL ampoule concentrate for injection Oral > Liquid: 100 mg per mL Oral > Solid > capsule: 25 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/69 | |
| ciprofloxacin | 1991 | Ear, nose and throat medicines [c] | Ear, nose and throat medicines [c]; Watch group antibiotics | 2 | Infectious diseases of external ear; Acute pyelonephritis (mild to moderate); Paratyphoid fever; Typhoid fever; Infectious gastroenteritis or colitis without specification of infectious agent; Neutropaenia (low-risk); Inflammatory or other diseases of prostate (mild to moderate); Cholera; Cholera [children]; Peritoneal abscess (mild-moderate); Peritonitis (mild-moderate) | 11 | S02AA15, J01MA02 | Local > Otological > drops: 0.3% (as hydrochloride); Parenteral > General injections > IV: 2 mg per mL (as hyclate) Oral > Liquid: 250 mg per 5 mL (anhydrous) Oral > Solid > dosage form: 250 mg (as hydrochloride); 500 mg (as hydrochloride); 100 mg (as hydrochloride) Oral > Solid > dosage form: 250 mg (as hydrochloride); 500 mg (as hydrochloride) Oral > Solid: 250 mg (as hydrochloride) | metronidazole | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/271 |
| cisplatin | 1984 | Cytotoxic medicines | Cytotoxic medicines | 1 | Other specified gliomas of brain; Malignant neoplasms of other or ill-defined sites in the lip, oral cavity or pharynx; Malignant neoplasms of cervix uteri; Malignant neoplasms of hypopharynx; Malignant neoplasms of oropharynx; Malignant neoplasms of nasopharynx; Germ cell tumour of testis; Osteosarcoma of bone or articular cartilage of unspecified sites; Other specified malignant neoplasms of the ovary; Other specified malignant neoplasms of bronchus or lung | 10 | L01XA01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 10 mg per 10 mL; 20 mg per 20 mL; 50 mg per 50 mL; 100 mg per 100 mL Parenteral > General injections > IV: 50 mg per 50 mL; 100 mg per 100 mL; 10 mg per 10 mL; 20 mg per 20 mL Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 10 mg in vial powder for injection; 50 mg in vial powder for injection | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/79 | |
| citalopram | 2023 | Medicines for anxiety disorders | Medicines for anxiety disorders | 1 | Generalised anxiety disorder | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/659 | |||
| cladribine | 2023 | Medicines for multiple sclerosis | Medicines for multiple sclerosis | 1 | Multiple sclerosis | 1 | L04AA40 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 10 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/903 | |
| clarithromycin | 2011 | Watch group antibiotics | Watch group antibiotics | 1 | Bacterial pneumonia (Community-acquired pneumonia - severe); Acute pharyngitis; Helicobacter pylori associated gastric ulcer | 3 | J01FA09 | Oral > Liquid: 125 mg per 5 mL powder for oral liquid; 250 mg per 5 mL powder for oral liquid Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 500 mg in vial powder for injection Oral > Solid > dosage form: 500 mg; 250 mg Oral > Solid > dosage form: 500 mg | cefotaxime; ceftriaxone; amoxicillin + clavulanic acid | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/317 |
| clindamycin | 1991 | Access group antibiotics | Access group antibiotics | 1 | Necrotising fasciitis; Bacterial infection of joint; Osteomyelitis or osteitis | 3 | J01FF01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 150 mg per mL (as phosphate); 600 mg per 4 mL (as phosphate); 900 mg per 6 mL (as phosphate) Oral > Liquid: 75 mg per 5 mL powder for oral liquid (as palmitate hydrochloride) Oral > Solid: 150 mg (as hydrochloride) Oral > Liquid: 75 mg per 5 mL (as palmitate hydrochloride) Oral > Solid: 150 mg (as hydrochloride) capsule Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 150 mg per mL (as phosphate) injection | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/309 | |
| clofazimine | 1977 | Antituberculosis medicines | Antituberculosis medicines; Antileprosy medicines | 2 | Multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Leprosy | 2 | J04BA01 | Oral > Solid > dosage form: 100 mg; 50 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/292 | |
| clomifene | 1979 | Ovulation inducers | Ovulation inducers | 1 | Female infertility without specification whether primary or secondary | 1 | G03GB02 | Oral > Solid: 50 mg (citrate) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/198 | |
| clomipramine | 1993 | Medicines for obsessive compulsive disorders | Medicines for obsessive compulsive disorders | 1 | Obsessive-compulsive disorder | 1 | N06AA04 | Oral > Solid: 10 mg (hydrochloride); 25 mg (hydrochloride) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/249 | |
| clopidogrel | 2015 | Anti-platelet medicines | Anti-platelet medicines | 1 | Acute ischaemic heart disease; Presence of coronary angioplasty implant or graft | 2 | B01AC04 | Oral > Solid: 75 mg; 300 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/146 | |
| clotrimazole | 2005 | Antifungal medicines | Antifungal medicines | 1 | Vulvovaginal candidosis | 1 | G01AF02 | Local > Topical > Other: 1% vaginal cream; 10% vaginal cream; 100 mg vaginal tablet; 500 mg vaginal tablet | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/358 | |
| cloxacillin | 1977 | Access group antibiotics | Access group antibiotics | 1 | Bacterial infection of joint; Osteomyelitis or osteitis; Bacterial cellulitis, erysipelas or lymphangitis; Sepsis without septic shock | 4 | J01CF02 | Oral > Liquid: 125 mg per 5 mL (as sodium salt) powder for oral liquid; 250 mg per 5 mL (as sodium salt) powder for oral liquid Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 500 mg in vial (as sodium salt) powder for injection; 250 mg in vial (as sodium salt) powder for injection Oral > Solid > capsule: 500 mg (as sodium salt); 1 g (as sodium salt); 250 mg (as sodium salt) Oral > Liquid: 125 mg per 5 mL (as sodium salt) powder for oral liquid Oral > Solid: 500 mg (as sodium salt) capsule; 1 g (as sodium salt) capsule Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 500 mg in vial (as sodium salt) powder for injection | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/306 | |
| clozapine | 2013 | Medicines for psychotic disorders | Medicines for psychotic disorders | 1 | Schizophrenia or other primary psychotic disorders | 1 | N05AH02 | Oral > Solid: 25 mg; 50 mg; 100 mg; 200 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/247 | |
| coagulation factor IX complex | 2025 | Coagulation factors | Coagulation factors | 1 | Coagulation defects, purpura or other haemorrhagic or related conditions; Haemophilia B | 2 | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/940 | |||
| coagulation factor IX, plasma-derived | 1979 | Coagulation factors | Coagulation factors | 1 | Coagulation defects, purpura or other haemorrhagic or related conditions; Haemophilia B | 2 | B02BD01, B02BD04 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 500 IU in vial powder for injection; 1000 IU in vial powder for injection | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/468 | |
| coagulation factor IX, recombinant | 2025 | Coagulation factors | Coagulation factors | 1 | Haemophilia B | 1 | B02BD04 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 250 IU per mL in vial lyophilized powder for solution for injection; 500 IU in vial lyophilized powder for solution for injection; 1000 IU in vial lyophilized powder for solution for injection; 1500 IU in vial lyophilized powder for solution for injection; 2000 IU in vial lyophilized powder for solution for injection; 3000 IU in vial lyophilized powder for solution for injection; 4000 IU in vial lyophilized powder for solution for injection | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/951 | |
| coagulation factor VIII, plasma-derived | 1979 | Coagulation factors | Coagulation factors | 1 | Haemophilia A | 1 | B02BD02 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 250 IU in vial powder for injection; 500 IU in vial powder for injection; 1000 IU in vial powder for injection | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/466 | |
| coagulation factor VIII, recombinant | 2025 | Coagulation factors | Coagulation factors | 1 | Haemophilia A | 1 | B02BD02 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 250 IU in vial lyophilized powder for solution for injection; 500 IU in vial lyophilized powder for solution for injection; 1000 IU in vial lyophilized powder for solution for injection; 1500 IU in vial lyophilized powder for solution for injection; 2000 IU in vial lyophilized powder for solution for injection; 3000 IU in vial lyophilized powder for solution for injection; 4000 IU in vial lyophilized powder for solution for injection | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/950 | |
| coal tar | 1977 | Dermatological medicines > Medicines affecting skin differentiation and proliferation | Dermatological medicines > Medicines affecting skin differentiation and proliferation | 1 | Psoriasis of unspecified type | 1 | D05AA | Local > Topical > Solution: 5% | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/158 | |
| codeine | 1977 | Opioid analgesics | Opioid analgesics | 1 | Pain | 1 | Oral > Solid: 30 mg tablet (codeine phosphate) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/16 | ||
| colecalciferol | 2007 | Vitamins and minerals | Vitamins and minerals | 1 | Calcium deficiency; Vitamin D deficiency | 2 | A11CC05 | Oral > Liquid: 400 IU per mL Oral > Solid: 400 IU; 1000 IU | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/261 | |
| colistin (injection) | 2017 | Reserve group antibiotics | Reserve group antibiotics | 1 | Carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii; Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Other carbapenem resistant Enterobacterales; Carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae; Carbapenem resistant Escherichia coli | 5 | J01XB01 | Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 1 million IU in vial (as colistemethate sodium) Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 1 million IU in vial (as colistemethate sodium) (equivalent to 34 mg colistin base activity) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/348 | |
| compound sodium lactate solution | 1977 | Solutions correcting water, electrolyte and acid-base disturbances > Parenteral | Solutions correcting water, electrolyte and acid-base disturbances > Parenteral | 1 | Hypovolaemic shock; Other specified disorders of fluid, electrolyte or acid-base balance | 2 | B05BB01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: injectable solution | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/544 | |
| condoms | 1987 | Barrier methods | Barrier methods | 1 | Contact with health services for contraceptive management | 1 | - | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/422 | ||
| copper-containing intrauterine device | 1987 | Intrauterine devices | Intrauterine devices | 1 | Contact with health services for insertion of contraceptive device | 1 | G02BA02 | - | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/421 | |
| cryoprecipitate (native) | 2023 | Blood and blood components | Blood and blood components | 1 | Coagulation defects, purpura or other haemorrhagic or related conditions; Obstetric haemorrhage | 2 | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/914 | |||
| cryoprecipitate (pathogen-reduced) | 2023 | Blood and blood components | Blood and blood components | 1 | Coagulation defects, purpura or other haemorrhagic or related conditions; Obstetric haemorrhage | 2 | B05AA02 | Injection: frozen liquid in bag or lyophilized powder in vial containing: > 50 IU Factor VIII > 100 IU vWF > 140 mg clottable fibrinogen per unit | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/915 | |
| cyclizine | 2009 | Medicines for other common symptoms in palliative care | Medicines for other common symptoms in palliative care | 1 | Palliative care | 1 | R06AE03 | Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 50 mg per mL (lactate) Oral > Solid > tablet: 50 mg (hydrochloride) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/20 | |
| cyclopentolate | 2021 | Diagnostic agents > Ophthalmic medicines | Diagnostic agents > Ophthalmic medicines; Ophthalmological preparations > Mydriatics | 2 | Cycloplegic drug; Anterior uveitis | 2 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/651 | |||
| cyclophosphamide | 1977 | Cytotoxic medicines | Cytotoxic medicines | 1 | Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified; Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia or small lymphocytic lymphoma; Plasma cell myeloma; Burkitt lymphoma including Burkitt leukaemia; Lymphoid leukaemia, not elsewhere classified; Other specified gliomas of brain; Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK-negative; Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK-positive; Rhabdomyosarcoma primary site; Malignant neoplasms of breast; Other specified malignant neoplasms of breast; Hodgkin lymphoma; Malignant trophoblastic neoplasms of placenta; Follicular lymphoma; Ewing sarcoma of bone or articular cartilage of unspecified sites; Malignant neoplasms of kidney, except renal pelvis | 16 | L01AA01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 500 mg in vial powder for injection; 1 g in vial powder for injection; 2 g in vial powder for injection Oral > Solid > dosage form: 25 mg; 50 mg Oral > Solid: 25 mg tablet Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 500 mg in vial powder for injection | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/80 | |
| cycloserine | 1999 | Antituberculosis medicines | Antituberculosis medicines | 1 | Multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis | 1 | J04AB01 | Oral > Solid > dosage form: 250 mg; 125 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/350 | |
| cytarabine | 1979 | Cytotoxic medicines | Cytotoxic medicines | 1 | Acute myeloid leukaemia with recurrent genetic abnormalities; Burkitt lymphoma including Burkitt leukaemia; Lymphoid leukaemia, not elsewhere classified; Myeloid leukaemia; Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK-negative; Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK-positive; Langerhans cell histiocytosis | 7 | L01BC01 | Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 100 mg in vial powder for injection; 100 mg per mL in vial Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 100 mg in vial powder for injection | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/81 | |
| cytisine (cytisinicline) | 2025 | Medicines for nicotine use disorders | Medicines for nicotine use disorders | 1 | Nicotine dependence | 1 | N07BA04 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 1.5 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/952 | |
| dabigatran | 2019 | Medicines affecting coagulation | Medicines affecting coagulation | 1 | Other specified atrial fibrillation; Venous thromboembolism | 2 | B01AE07 | Oral > Solid: 110 mg; 150 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/479 | |
| dacarbazine | 1989 | Cytotoxic medicines | Cytotoxic medicines | 1 | Hodgkin lymphoma | 1 | L01AX04 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 100 mg in vial powder for injection; 200 mg in vial powder for injection | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/82 | |
| daclatasvir | 2015 | Medicines for hepatitis C > Pangenotypic direct-acting antiviral combinations | Medicines for hepatitis C > Pangenotypic direct-acting antiviral combinations | 1 | Chronic hepatitis C | 1 | J05AP07 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 30 mg (as dihydrochloride); 60 mg (as dihydrochloride) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/295 | |
| daclatasvir + sofosbuvir | 2021 | Medicines for hepatitis C > Pangenotypic direct-acting antiviral combinations | Medicines for hepatitis C > Pangenotypic direct-acting antiviral combinations | 1 | Chronic hepatitis C | 1 | J05AP07, J05AP08 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 60 mg (as dihydrochloride) + 400 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/626 | |
| dactinomycin | 1984 | Cytotoxic medicines | Cytotoxic medicines | 1 | Rhabdomyosarcoma primary site; Malignant trophoblastic neoplasms of placenta; Ewing sarcoma of bone or articular cartilage of unspecified sites; Malignant neoplasms of kidney, except renal pelvis | 4 | L01DA01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 500 µg in vial powder for injection | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/83 | |
| dalteparin | 2015 | Medicines affecting coagulation | Medicines affecting coagulation | 1 | Acute ischaemic heart disease; Venous thromboembolism | 2 | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/414 | |||
| dapagliflozin | 2021 | Hypoglycaemic agents | Hypoglycaemic agents | 1 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/613 | |||
| dapsone | 1977 | Antileprosy medicines | Antileprosy medicines | 1 | Leprosy | 1 | J04BA02 | Oral > Solid: 100 mg tablet; 50 mg tablet; 25 mg tablet | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/293 | |
| darbepoetin alfa | 2017 | Antianaemia medicines | Antianaemia medicines | 1 | Anaemia due to chronic disease | 1 | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/418 | |||
| darunavir | 2015 | Antiretrovirals > Protease inhibitors | Antiretrovirals > Protease inhibitors | 1 | Human immunodeficiency virus disease without mention of tuberculosis or malaria, clinical stage unspecified | 1 | J05AE10 | Oral > Solid: 75 mg; 400 mg; 600 mg; 800 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/458 | |
| dasatinib | 2017 | Targeted therapies | Targeted therapies | 1 | Chronic myelogenous leukaemia, BCR-ABL1-positive | 1 | L01EA02 | Oral > Solid: 20 mg tablet; 50 mg tablet; 70 mg tablet; 80 mg tablet; 100 mg tablet; 140 mg tablet | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/84 | |
| daunorubicin | 1999 | Cytotoxic medicines | Cytotoxic medicines | 1 | Acute myeloid leukaemia with recurrent genetic abnormalities; Lymphoid leukaemia, not elsewhere classified; Myeloid leukaemia | 3 | L01DB02 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 50 mg in vial (as hydrochloride) powder for injection; 20 mg in vial (as hydrochloride) powder for injection; 2 mg per mL in vial (as hydrochloride); 5 mg per mL in vial (as hydrochloride) | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/85 | |
| deferasirox | 2023 | Medicines for haemoglobinopathies | Medicines for haemoglobinopathies | 1 | Other specified sickle cell disorders or other haemoglobinopathies; Thalassaemias | 2 | V03AC03 | Oral > Solid > dispersible tablet: 100 mg; 125 mg; 250 mg; 400 mg; 500 mg Oral > Solid > tablet: 90 mg; 180 mg; 360 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/643 | |
| deferiprone | 2023 | Medicines for haemoglobinopathies | Medicines for haemoglobinopathies | 1 | Other specified sickle cell disorders or other haemoglobinopathies; Thalassaemias | 2 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/916 | |||
| deferoxamine | 1979 | Antidotes and other substances used in poisonings > Specific | Antidotes and other substances used in poisonings > Specific; Medicines for haemoglobinopathies | 2 | Harmful effects of drugs, medicaments or biological substances, not elsewhere classified; Other specified sickle cell disorders or other haemoglobinopathies; Thalassaemias | 3 | V03AC01 | Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 500 mg in vial powder for injection (mesilate) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/40 | |
| delamanid | 2015 | Antituberculosis medicines | Antituberculosis medicines | 1 | Multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis | 1 | J04AK06 | Oral > Solid > dispersible tablet: 25 mg Oral > Solid > tablet: 50 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/280 | |
| dengue vaccine | 2019 | Immunologicals > Vaccines | Immunologicals > Vaccines | 1 | Need for immunization against certain single viral diseases | 1 | J07BX04 | All vaccines should comply with the WHO requirements for biological substances. | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/434 | |
| desmopressin | 1991 | Medicines affecting coagulation | Medicines affecting coagulation | 1 | Haemophilia A; Von Willebrand disease | 2 | H01BA02 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 4 µg per mL in 1 mL ampoule (acetate) Local > Nasal > Spray: 150 µg per actuation (acetate) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/129 | |
| dexamethasone | 1977 | Other medicines administered to the mother | Other medicines administered to the mother; Hormones and antihormones; Antiallergics and medicines used in anaphylaxis; Medicines for other common symptoms in palliative care; Antiemetic medicines | 5 | Respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn, altered by maternal corticosteroid therapy; Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK-negative; Lymphoid leukaemia, not elsewhere classified; Plasma cell myeloma; Burkitt lymphoma including Burkitt leukaemia; Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK-positive; Allergic or hypersensitivity conditions of unspecified type; Palliative care; Nausea or vomiting | 9 | H02AB02, L01AA01, C05AA09 | Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 4 mg per mL (dexamethasone phosphate (as sodium)); Oral > Liquid: 2 mg per 5 mL Oral > Solid: 2 mg; 4 mg Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 4 mg per mL in 1 mL ampoule (as disodium phosophate salt) Oral > Liquid: 2 mg per 5 mL (as sodium phosphate) Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 4 mg per mL in 1 mL ampoule dexamethasone phosphate (as sodium phosphate, equivalent to 3.3 mg/mL dexamethasone base) Oral > Solid > tablet: 2 mg (as dexamethasone base); 4 mg (as dexamethasone base) Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 4 mg per mL in 1 mL ampoule dexamethasone phosphate (as sodium phosphate, equivalent to 3.3 mg/mL dexamethasone base Oral > Solid > tablet: 4 mg (as dexamethasone base); Oral > Liquid: 0.5 mg per 5 mL (as sodium phosphate); 2 mg per 5 mL (as sodium phosphate) Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 4 mg per mL in 1 mL ampoule dexamethasone phosphate (as sodium phosphate, equivalent to 3.3 mg/mL dexamethasone base) Oral > Solid > tablet: 0.5 mg (as dexamethasone base); 0.75 mg (as dexamethasone base); 1.5 mg (as dexamethasone base); 2 mg (as dexamethasone base); 4 mg (as dexamethasone base); Oral > Liquid: 2 mg per 5 mL (as sodium phosphate); 0.5 mg per 5 mL (as sodium phosphate) Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 4 mg per mL in 1 mL ampoule (dexamethasone phosphate (as sodium phosphate) equialent to 3.3 mg dexamethasone base) Oral > Solid > tablet: 2 mg (as dexamethasone base); 4 mg (as dexamethasone base); 0.5 mg (as dexamethasone base); 0.75 mg (as dexamethasone base); 1.5 mg (as dexamethasone base); Oral > Liquid: 0.5 mg per 5 mL (as sodium phosphate); 2 mg per 5 mL (as sodium phosphate) Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 4 mg per mL in 1 mL ampoule dexamethasone phosphate (as sodium phosphate, equivalent to 3.3 mg/mL dexamethasone base) Oral > Solid > tablet: 0.5 mg (as dexamethasone base); 0.75 mg (as dexamethasone base); 1.5 mg (as dexamethasone base); 4 mg (as dexamethasone base); 2 mg (as dexamethasone base) | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/21 | |
| dextran 70 | 1979 | Plasma substitutes | Plasma substitutes | 1 | Hypovolaemia | 1 | B05AA05 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 6% injectable solution | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/472 | |
| diaphragms | 1987 | Barrier methods | Barrier methods | 1 | Contact with health services for contraceptive management | 1 | - | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/423 | ||
| diazepam | 1977 | Antiseizure medicines | Antiseizure medicines; Medicines for other common symptoms in palliative care; Medicines for anxiety disorders | 3 | Status epilepticus; Palliative care; Anxiety | 3 | N05BA01 | Local > Rectal > Gel: 5 mg per mL in 0.5 mL rectal delivery system; 5 mg per mL in 2 mL rectal delivery system; 5 mg per mL in 4 mL rectal delivery system Local > Rectal > Solution: 2 mg per mL in 1.25 mL rectal tube; 2 mg per mL in 2.5 mL rectal tube; 4 mg per mL in 2.5 mL rectal tube; Oral > Liquid: 2 mg per 5 mL Local > Rectal > Gel: 5 mg per mL in 0.5 mL rectal delivery system; 5 mg per mL in 2 mL rectal delivery system; 5 mg per mL in 4 mL rectal delivery system Local > Rectal > Solution: 2 mg per mL in 1.25 mL rectal tube; 2 mg per mL in 2.5 mL rectal tube; 4 mg per mL in 2.5 mL rectal tube Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 5 mg per mL Oral > Solid > tablet: 5 mg (scored); 10 mg (scored); 2 mg (scored); Oral > Solid: 5 mg (scored); 2 mg (scored) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/22 | |
| diazoxide | 2019 | Medicines for hypoglycaemia | Medicines for hypoglycaemia | 1 | Persistent hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia of infancy | 1 | V03AH01 | Oral > Liquid: 50 mg per mL Oral > Solid: 50 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/505 | |
| dicloxacillin | 2023 | Access group antibiotics | Access group antibiotics | 1 | Bacterial infection of joint; Osteomyelitis or osteitis; Bacterial cellulitis, erysipelas or lymphangitis; Sepsis without septic shock | 4 | J01CF02 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/724 | ||
| diethylcarbamazine | 1979 | Antifilarials | Antifilarials | 1 | Lymphatic filariasis | 1 | P02CB02 | Oral > Solid: 50 mg tablet (dihydrogen citrate); 100 mg tablet (dihydrogen citrate) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/64 | |
| digoxin | 1977 | Antiarrhythmic medicines | Antiarrhythmic medicines; Medicines used in heart failure | 2 | Cardiac arrhythmia; Heart failure | 2 | C01AA05 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 250 µg per mL in 2 mL ampoule Oral > Liquid: 50 µg per mL Oral > Solid: 62.5 µg; 250 µg; Parenteral > General injections > IV: 250 µg per mL in 2 mL ampoule; 100 µg per mL in 1 mL ampoule Oral > Liquid: 50 µg per mL Oral > Solid > tablet: 62.5 µg; 250 µg; 125 µg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/134 | |
| dihydroartemisinin + piperaquine | 2017 | Antimalarial medicines > Medicines for curative treatment | Antimalarial medicines > Medicines for curative treatment | 1 | Malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum; Malaria due to Plasmodium vivax | 2 | P01BF05 | Oral > Solid > dispersible tablet: 20 mg + 160 mg (phosphate); 40 mg + 320 mg (phosphate) Oral > Solid > tablet: 40 mg + 320 mg (phosphate); 20 mg + 160 mg (phosphate); 60 mg + 480 (phosphate); 80 mg + 640 mg (phosphate) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/378 | |
| diloxanide | 1977 | Antiamoebic and antigiardiasis medicines | Antiamoebic and antigiardiasis medicines | 1 | Amoebiasis | 1 | P01AC01 | Oral > Solid: 500 mg (furoate) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/363 | |
| dimercaprol | 1977 | Antidotes and other substances used in poisonings > Specific | Antidotes and other substances used in poisonings > Specific | 1 | Harmful effects of or exposure to noxious substances, chiefly nonmedicinal as to source, not elsewhere classified | 1 | V03AB09 | Parenteral > General injections > IM: 50 mg per mL in 2 mL ampoule; 100 mg per mL in 3 mL ampoule | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/41 | |
| dinoprostone (prostaglandin E2) | 2009 | Medicines administered to the neonate [c] | Medicines administered to the neonate [c] | 1 | Other specified congenital anomaly of great arteries including arterial duct | 1 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 1 mg per mL | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/428 | ||
| diphtheria antitoxin | 1977 | Immunologicals > Sera, immunoglobulins and monoclonal antibodies | Immunologicals > Sera, immunoglobulins and monoclonal antibodies | 1 | Need for immunization against diphtheria alone | 1 | J06AA01 | Parenteral > General injections > IM: 10000 IU in vial; 20000 IU in vial | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/511 | |
| diphtheria vaccine | 1999 | Immunologicals > Vaccines | Immunologicals > Vaccines | 1 | Need for immunization against diphtheria alone | 1 | J07AF01 | All vaccines should comply with the WHO requirements for biological substances. | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/430 | |
| docetaxel | 2011 | Cytotoxic medicines | Cytotoxic medicines | 1 | Malignant neoplasms of breast; Other specified malignant neoplasms of breast; Malignant neoplasms of prostate | 3 | L01CD02 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 20 mg per mL; 40 mg per mL | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/86 | |
| docusate sodium | 2009 | Medicines for other common symptoms in palliative care | Medicines for other common symptoms in palliative care | 1 | Palliative care | 1 | A06AA02 | Oral > Liquid: 50 mg per 5 mL; 12.5 mg per 5 mL Oral > Solid > capsule: 100 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/23 | |
| dolasetron | 2025 | Medicines for other common symptoms in palliative care | Medicines for other common symptoms in palliative care; Antiemetic medicines | 2 | Palliative care; Nausea or vomiting | 2 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/629 | |||
| dolutegravir | 2017 | Antiretrovirals > Integrase inhibitors | Antiretrovirals > Integrase inhibitors | 1 | Human immunodeficiency virus disease without mention of tuberculosis or malaria, clinical stage unspecified | 1 | J05AJ03 | Oral > Solid: 50 mg tablet; 10 mg tablet (dispersible, scored) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/278 | |
| dolutegravir + lamivudine + tenofovir | 2019 | Fixed-dose combinations of antiretrovirals | Fixed-dose combinations of antiretrovirals | 1 | Human immunodeficiency virus disease without mention of tuberculosis or malaria, clinical stage unspecified | 1 | J05AR27 | Oral > Solid: 50 mg + 300 mg + 300 mg (tenofovir disoproxil fumarate equivalent to 245 mg tenofovir disoproxil) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/483 | |
| dopamine | 1977 | Medicines used in heart failure | Medicines used in heart failure | 1 | Cardiogenic shock; Heart failure | 2 | C01CA04 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 40 mg per mL in 5 mL vial (hydrochloride) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/145 | |
| doxorubicin | 1977 | Cytotoxic medicines | Cytotoxic medicines | 1 | Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified; Plasma cell myeloma; Burkitt lymphoma including Burkitt leukaemia; Lymphoid leukaemia, not elsewhere classified; Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK-negative; Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK-positive; Osteosarcoma of bone or articular cartilage of unspecified sites; Kaposi sarcoma of unspecified primary site; Malignant neoplasms of breast; Other specified malignant neoplasms of breast; Hodgkin lymphoma; Follicular lymphoma; Ewing sarcoma of bone or articular cartilage of unspecified sites; Malignant neoplasms of kidney, except renal pelvis | 14 | L01DB01, L01AA01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 10 mg in vial (hydrochloride) powder for injection; 50 mg in vial (hydrochloride) powder for injection; 2 mg per mL in 5 mL vial (hydrochloride); 2 mg per mL in 25 mL vial (hydrochloride) Parenteral > General injections > IV: 10 mg in vial (hydrochloride); 50 mg in vial (hydrochloride) | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/87 | |
| doxorubicin (as pegylated liposomal) | 2023 | Cytotoxic medicines | Cytotoxic medicines | 1 | Kaposi sarcoma of unspecified primary site | 1 | L01DB01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 2 mg per mL in 10 mL vial (hydrochloride); 2 mg per mL in 25 mL vial (hydrochloride) | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/906 | |
| doxycycline | 1977 | Access group antibiotics | Access group antibiotics; Antimalarial medicines > Medicines for chemoprophylaxis in travellers | 2 | Cholera; Chlamydia trachomatis; Bacterial pneumonia (Community-acquired pneumonia - mild to moderate); Cholera [children]; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with acute exacerbation; Malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum | 6 | J01AA02 | Oral > Liquid: 25 mg per 5 mL powder for oral liquid (monohydrate); 50 mg per 5 mL (calcium) Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 100 mg in vial powder for injection Oral > Solid > dispersible tablet: 100 mg (as monohydrate) Oral > Solid > dosage form: 50 mg (as hyclate); 100 mg (as hyclate) Oral > Solid > dosage form: 100 mg (as hyclate) Oral > Liquid: 25 mg per 5 mL (anhydrous); 50 mg per 5 mL (anhydrous) Oral > Solid: 100 mg (as hyclate); 50 mg (as hyclate); Oral > Liquid: 50 mg per 5 mL (calcium); 25 mg per 5 mL (monohydrate) powder for oral liquid Oral > Solid > dispersible tablet: 100 mg (as monohydrate) Oral > Solid > dosage form: 50 mg (as hyclate); 100 mg (as hyclate) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/318 | |
| dulaglutide | Hypoglycaemic agents | Hypoglycaemic agents | 1 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | 1 | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/972 | ||||
| edoxaban | 2019 | Medicines affecting coagulation | Medicines affecting coagulation | 1 | Other specified atrial fibrillation; Venous thromboembolism | 2 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/480 | |||
| efavirenz | 2002 | Antiretrovirals > Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors | Antiretrovirals > Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors | 1 | Human immunodeficiency virus disease without mention of tuberculosis or malaria, clinical stage unspecified | 1 | J05AG03 | Oral > Solid: 600 mg tablet | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/450 | |
| efavirenz + emtricitabine + tenofovir | 2007 | Fixed-dose combinations of antiretrovirals | Fixed-dose combinations of antiretrovirals | 1 | Human immunodeficiency virus disease without mention of tuberculosis or malaria, clinical stage unspecified | 1 | J05AR06 | Oral > Solid: 600 mg + 200 mg + 300 mg (tenofovir disoproxil fumarate equivalent to 245 mg tenofovir disoproxil) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/463 | |
| efavirenz + lamivudine + tenofovir | 2017 | Fixed-dose combinations of antiretrovirals | Fixed-dose combinations of antiretrovirals | 1 | Human immunodeficiency virus disease without mention of tuberculosis or malaria, clinical stage unspecified | 1 | J05AR11 | Oral > Solid: 400 mg + 300 mg + 300 mg (tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, equivalent to 245 mg tenofovir disoproxil) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/285 | |
| eflornithine | 1991 | Medicines for the treatment of 2nd stage African trypanosomiasis | Medicines for the treatment of 2nd stage African trypanosomiasis | 1 | Gambiense trypanosomiasis | 1 | P01CX03 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 200 mg per mL in 50 mL bottle (hydrochloride) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/388 | |
| eletriptan | 2025 | Medicines for acute migraine attacks | Medicines for acute migraine attacks | 1 | Migraine | 1 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 40 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/990 | ||
| elexacaftor + tezacaftor + ivacaftor | 2025 | Medicines for cystic fibrosis | Medicines for cystic fibrosis | 1 | Cystic fibrosis | 1 | R07AX32 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 50 mg + 25 mg + 37.5 mg; 100 mg + 50 mg + 75 mg Oral > Solid > granules: 80 mg + 40 mg + 60 mg in sachet; 100 mg + 50 mg + 75 mg in sachet | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/954 | |
| emicizumab | 2025 | Medicines affecting coagulation | Medicines affecting coagulation | 1 | Haemophilia A | 1 | B02BX06 | Parenteral > General injections > SC: 12 mg per 0.4 mL in vial; 30 mg per mL in mL vial; 60 mg per 0.4 mL in vial; 105 mg per 0.7 mL in vial; 150 mg per mL in vial; 300 mg per 2 mL in vial | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/955 | |
| empagliflozin | 2021 | Hypoglycaemic agents | Hypoglycaemic agents | 1 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | 1 | A10BK03 | Oral > Solid: 10 mg; 25 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/614 | |
| emtricitabine + tenofovir | 2007 | Fixed-dose combinations of antiretrovirals | Fixed-dose combinations of antiretrovirals | 1 | Contact with or exposure to human immunodeficiency virus; Human immunodeficiency virus disease without mention of tuberculosis or malaria, clinical stage unspecified | 2 | J05AR03 | Oral > Solid: 200 mg + 300 mg (tenofovir disoproxil fumarate equivalent to 245 mg tenofovir disoproxil) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/467 | |
| enalapril | 2003 | Antihypertensive medicines | Antihypertensive medicines; Medicines used in heart failure | 2 | Essential hypertension; Heart failure | 2 | C09AA02 | Oral > Liquid: 1 mg per mL (as hydrogen maleate) Oral > Solid > tablet: 2.5 mg (as hydrogen maleate); 5 mg (as hydrogen maleate); 10 mg (as hydrogen maleate); Oral > Solid > tablet: 2.5 mg (as hydrogen maleate); 5 mg (as hydrogen maleate); 10 mg (as hydrogen maleate) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/137 | |
| enoxaparin | 2015 | Medicines affecting coagulation | Medicines affecting coagulation | 1 | Acute ischaemic heart disease; Venous thromboembolism | 2 | B01AB05 | Parenteral > General injections > SC: 20 mg per 0.2 mL in prefilled syringe; 40 mg per 0.4 mL in prefilled syringe; 60 mg per 0.6 mL in prefilled syringe; 80 mg per 0.8 mL in prefilled syringe; 100 mg per 1 mL in prefilled syringe; 120 mg per 0.8 mL in prefilled syringe; 150 mg per 1 mL in prefilled syringe; 150 mg per 1 mL in ampoule; 20 mg per 0.2 mL in ampoule; 40 mg per 0.4 mL in ampoule; 60 mg per 0.6 mL in ampoule; 80 mg per 0.8 mL in ampoule; 100 mg per 1 mL in ampoule; 120 mg per 0.8 mL in ampoule | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/123 | |
| entecavir | 2015 | Medicines for hepatitis B > Nucleoside/Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors | Medicines for hepatitis B > Nucleoside/Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors | 1 | Chronic hepatitis B | 1 | J05AF10 | Oral > Liquid: 0.05 mg per mL Oral > Solid: 0.5 mg; 1 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/490 | |
| enzalutamide | Hormones and antihormones | Hormones and antihormones | 1 | Malignant neoplasms of prostate | 1 | Oral > Solid: 40 mg | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/455 | |||
| ephedrine | 1997 | Local anaesthetics | Local anaesthetics | 1 | Cardiac complications of anaesthesia during labour or delivery | 1 | C01CA26 | Parenteral > Locoregional injections > Spinal anaesthesia: 30 mg per mL in 1 mL ampoule (ephedrine hydrochloride) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/9 | |
| epinephrine | 1977 | Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Antiallergics and medicines used in anaphylaxis; Antiarrhythmic medicines; Ophthalmological preparations > Mydriatics | 4 | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Asthma; Anaphylaxis; Cardiac arrest; Primary open-angle glaucoma | 5 | R03AA01, C01CA24, S01EA01 | Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 1 mg per mL in ampoule (as hydrochloride or hydrogen tartrate); Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 1 mg in 1 mL ampoule (as hydrochloride or hydrogen tartrate); Parenteral > General injections > IV: 100 µg per mL in 10 mL ampoule (as acid tartrate or hydrochloride); Local > Ophthalmological > Solution (eye drops): 2% (as hydrochloride) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/32 | |
| epoetin alfa | 2017 | Antianaemia medicines | Antianaemia medicines | 1 | Anaemia due to chronic disease | 1 | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/415 | |||
| epoetin beta | 2017 | Antianaemia medicines | Antianaemia medicines | 1 | Anaemia due to chronic disease | 1 | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/416 | |||
| epoetin theta | 2017 | Antianaemia medicines | Antianaemia medicines | 1 | Anaemia due to chronic disease | 1 | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/417 | |||
| equine rabies immunoglobulin | 2021 | Immunologicals > Sera, immunoglobulins and monoclonal antibodies | Immunologicals > Sera, immunoglobulins and monoclonal antibodies | 1 | Rabies | 1 | J06BB05 | Parenteral > Locoregional injections > Intradermal: 150 IU per mL in vial; 200 IU per mL in vial; 300 IU per mL in vial; 400 IU per mL in vial | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/605 | |
| ergocalciferol | 1977 | Vitamins and minerals | Vitamins and minerals | 1 | Calcium deficiency; Vitamin D deficiency | 2 | A11CC01 | Oral > Liquid: 250 µg per mL (10 000 IU per mL) Oral > Solid: 1.25 mg (50 000 IU) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/262 | |
| ergometrine | 1977 | Uterotonics | Uterotonics | 1 | Postpartum haemorrhage | 1 | G02AB03 | Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 200 µg in 1 mL ampoule (hydrogen maleate) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/239 | |
| erlotinib | 2019 | Targeted therapies | Targeted therapies | 1 | Other specified malignant neoplasms of bronchus or lung | 1 | L01EB02 | Oral > Solid: 100 mg; 150 mg | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/405 | |
| erythromycin | 1977 | Watch group antibiotics | Watch group antibiotics; Ophthalmological preparations > Anti-infective agents | 2 | Acute pharyngitis; Chlamydial conjunctivitis; Gonococcal infection of eye | 3 | J01FA09, S01AA17 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 500 mg in vial powder for injection (as lactobionate) Oral > Liquid: 125 mg per 5 mL (as stearate or ethylsuccinate) Oral > Solid: 250 mg (as stearate or ethylsuccinate); Local > Ophthalmological > Ointment: 0.5% | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/228 | |
| erythropoiesis-stimulating agents | 2017 | Antianaemia medicines | Antianaemia medicines | 1 | Anaemia due to chronic disease | 1 | B03XA03, B03XA01, B03XA02 | Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 1000 IU per 0.5 mL pre-filled syringe; 2000 IU per 0.5 mL pre-filled syringe; 3000 IU per 0.3 mL pre-filled syringe; 4000 IU per 0.4 mL pre-filled syringe; 5000 IU per 0.5 mL pre-filled syringe; 6000 IU per 0.6 mL pre-filled syringe; 8000 IU per 0.8 mL pre-filled syringe; 10000 IU per 1 mL pre-filled syringe; 20000 IU per 0.5 mL pre-filled syringe; 40000 IU per 1 mL pre-filled syringe | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/122 | |
| escitalopram | 2023 | Medicines for anxiety disorders | Medicines for anxiety disorders | 1 | Generalised anxiety disorder | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/660 | |||
| estradiol cypionate + medroxyprogesterone acetate | 2007 | Injectable hormonal contraceptives | Injectable hormonal contraceptives | 1 | Contact with health services for reasons associated with reproduction | 1 | G03AA08 | Parenteral > General injections > IM: 5 mg + 25 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/188 | |
| etanercept | 2023 | Immunomodulators for non-malignant disease | Immunomodulators for non-malignant disease; Medicines for juvenile joint diseases; Dermatological medicines > Medicines affecting skin differentiation and proliferation | 3 | Axial spondyloarthritis; Crohn disease site; Rheumatoid arthritis; Juvenile idiopathic arthritis; Psoriasis of unspecified type | 5 | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/548 | |||
| ethambutol | 1977 | Antituberculosis medicines | Antituberculosis medicines | 1 | Tuberculosis | 1 | J04AK02 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 1000 mg per 10 mL; 2000 mg per 20 mL Oral > Solid > dispersible tablet: 100 mg Oral > Solid > tablet: 100 mg (hydrochloride); 400 mg (hydrochloride) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/321 | |
| ethambutol + isoniazid + pyrazinamide + rifampicin | 1999 | Antituberculosis medicines | Antituberculosis medicines | 1 | Tuberculosis | 1 | J04AM06 | Oral > Solid: 275 mg + 75 mg + 400 mg + 150 mg tablet | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/323 | |
| ethambutol + isoniazid + rifampicin | 2007 | Antituberculosis medicines | Antituberculosis medicines | 1 | Tuberculosis | 1 | J04AK02, J04AC01, J04AB02 | Oral > Solid: 275 mg + 75 mg + 150 mg tablet | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/324 | |
| ethanol | 1999 | Antiseptics | Antiseptics | 1 | Denatured alcohol | 1 | D08AX08 | Local > Topical > Solution: 70% (denatured) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/171 | |
| ethinylestradiol + etonogestrel | 2021 | Intravaginal contraceptives | Intravaginal contraceptives | 1 | Contact with health services for contraceptive management | 1 | G02BB01 | Local > Vaginal > vaginal ring: 2.7 mg + 11.7 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/677 | |
| ethinylestradiol + levonorgestrel | 1979 | Oral hormonal contraceptives | Oral hormonal contraceptives | 1 | Contact with health services for contraceptive management | 1 | G03AA07 | Oral > Solid: 50 µg + 250 µg [4] Oral > Solid: 30 µg + 150 µg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/184 | |
| ethinylestradiol + norethisterone | 1977 | Oral hormonal contraceptives | Oral hormonal contraceptives | 1 | Contact with health services for contraceptive management | 1 | G03AA05 | Oral > Solid: 35 µg + 1 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/185 | |
| ethionamide | 1982 | Antituberculosis medicines | Antituberculosis medicines | 1 | Tuberculous meningitis; Multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis | 2 | J04AD03 | Oral > Solid > dispersible tablet: 125 mg Oral > Solid > tablet: 250 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/351 | |
| ethosuximide | 1977 | Antiseizure medicines | Antiseizure medicines | 1 | Absence seizures, typical | 1 | N03AD01 | Oral > Liquid: 250 mg per 5 mL Oral > Solid: 250 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/56 | |
| etonogestrel-releasing implant | 2015 | Implantable contraceptives | Implantable contraceptives | 1 | Contact with health services for insertion of contraceptive device | 1 | G03AC08 | Implant > Subdermal: 68 mg single rod | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/192 | |
| etoposide | 1984 | Cytotoxic medicines | Cytotoxic medicines | 1 | Burkitt lymphoma including Burkitt leukaemia; Lymphoid leukaemia, not elsewhere classified; Myeloid leukaemia; Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK-negative; Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK-positive; Germ cell tumour of testis; Osteosarcoma of bone or articular cartilage of unspecified sites; Other specified malignant neoplasms of the ovary; Other specified malignant neoplasms of bronchus or lung; Hodgkin lymphoma; Malignant trophoblastic neoplasms of placenta; Retinoblastoma; Ewing sarcoma of bone or articular cartilage of unspecified sites; Malignant neoplasms of kidney, except renal pelvis | 14 | L01CB01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 20 mg per mL in 5 mL ampoule; 100 mg in vial powder for injection (as phosphate) Oral > Solid: 100 mg capsule; 50 mg capsule Parenteral > General injections > IV: 20 mg per mL in 5 mL ampoule Oral > Solid: 100 mg capsule | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/88 | |
| everolimus | 2021 | Targeted therapies | Targeted therapies | 1 | Other specified gliomas of brain | 1 | L01EG02 | Oral > Solid > dispersible tablet: 2 mg; 3 mg; 5 mg Oral > Solid > tablet: 2.5 mg; 5 mg; 7.5 mg; 10 mg | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/615 | |
| fentanyl | 2017 | Opioid analgesics | Opioid analgesics | 1 | Chronic cancer pain | 1 | N01AH01 | Oral > Solid: 100 to 800 µg sub-lingual tablet (as citrate); 200 to 1600 µg lozenge (as citrate) Oral > Other: 200 to 1200 µg buccal film (as citrate) Local > Topical > Transdermal patch: 12 µg/hour; 25 µg/hour; 50 µg/hour; 75 µg/hour; 100 µg/hour | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/17 | |
| ferrous salt | 1977 | Antianaemia medicines | Antianaemia medicines | 1 | Iron deficiency anaemia | 1 | B03AA07, B03AA02 | Oral > Liquid: 25 mg per mL elemental iron; 9 mg per mL elemental iron Oral > Solid > tablet: 60 to 65 mg elemental iron | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/118 | |
| ferrous salt + folic acid | 1982 | Antianaemia medicines | Antianaemia medicines | 1 | Iron deficiency anaemia; Spina bifida; Clefts of lip, alveolus or palate; Anencephaly or similar anomalies | 4 | B03AD03, B03AD02, B03AD05 | Oral > Solid: 60 mg iron + 2.8 mg Oral > Solid > tablet: 60 mg elemental iron + 400 µg tablet; 60 mg elemental iron + 2.8 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/394 | |
| fexinidazole | 2019 | Medicines for the treatment of 1st stage African trypanosomiasis | Medicines for the treatment of 1st stage African trypanosomiasis; Medicines for the treatment of 2nd stage African trypanosomiasis | 2 | Rhodesiense trypanosomiasis; Gambiense trypanosomiasis | 2 | P01CA03 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 600 mg Oral > Solid: 600 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/557 | |
| fexofenadine | 2025 | Antiallergics and medicines used in anaphylaxis | Antiallergics and medicines used in anaphylaxis | 1 | Allergic or hypersensitivity conditions of unspecified type | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/634 | |||
| filgrastim | 2015 | Immunomodulators | Immunomodulators | 1 | Acquired neutropaenia | 1 | L03AA02 | Parenteral > General injections > SC: 120 µg per 0.2 mL in prefilled syringe; 300 µg per 0.5 mL in prefilled syringe; 480 µg per 0.8 mL in prefilled syringe; 300 µg per mL in 1 mL vial; 480 µg per 1.6 mL in 1.6 mL vial | true | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/89 | |
| flucloxacillin | 2023 | Access group antibiotics | Access group antibiotics | 1 | Bacterial infection of joint; Osteomyelitis or osteitis; Bacterial cellulitis, erysipelas or lymphangitis; Sepsis without septic shock | 4 | J01CF02 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/732 | ||
| fluconazole | 1999 | Antifungal medicines | Antifungal medicines | 1 | Cryptococcosis; Candidosis | 2 | J02AC01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 2 mg per mL in vial Oral > Liquid: 50 mg per 5 mL; 50 mg per 5 mL powder for oral liquid Oral > Solid > capsule: 50 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/359 | |
| flucytosine | 1977 | Antifungal medicines | Antifungal medicines | 1 | Cryptococcosis | 1 | J02AX01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 2.5 g per 250 mL infusion Oral > Solid: 250 mg capsule | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/360 | |
| fludarabine | 2015 | Cytotoxic medicines | Cytotoxic medicines | 1 | Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia or small lymphocytic lymphoma | 1 | L01BB05 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 50 mg in vial (fludarabine phosphate) powder for injection Oral > Solid: 10 mg tablet (fludarabine phosphate) | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/90 | |
| fludrocortisone | 1977 | Adrenal hormones and synthetic substitutes | Adrenal hormones and synthetic substitutes | 1 | Adrenocortical insufficiency | 1 | H02AA02 | Oral > Liquid: 100 µg per mL Oral > Solid > tablet: 100 µg (acetate) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/182 | |
| fluorescein | 1979 | Diagnostic agents > Ophthalmic medicines | Diagnostic agents > Ophthalmic medicines | 1 | Fluorescein | 1 | S01JA01 | Local > Ophthalmological > Solution (eye drops): 1% (sodium salt) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/164 | |
| fluoride | 1979 | Dental medicines and preparations | Dental medicines and preparations | 1 | Dental caries | 1 | A01AA01, A01AA04 | Local > Dental > Gel: 2500 to 12500 ppm fluoride (any type) Local > Dental > Toothpaste, cream or gel: 1000 to 1500 ppm fluoride (any type) Local > Dental > Mouthrinse: 230 to 900 ppm fluoride (any type) Local > Dental > Varnish: 22500 ppm fluoride (any type) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/268 | |
| fluorouracil | 1977 | Dermatological medicines > Medicines affecting skin differentiation and proliferation | Dermatological medicines > Medicines affecting skin differentiation and proliferation; Cytotoxic medicines | 2 | Plantar warts; Malignant neoplasms of nasopharynx; Malignant neoplasms of rectum; Malignant neoplasm metastasis in large intestine; Malignant neoplasms of breast; Malignant neoplasms of colon | 6 | L01BC02 | Local > Topical > Ointment: 5%; Parenteral > General injections > IV: 50 mg per mL in vial Parenteral > General injections > IV: 50 mg per mL in 5 mL ampoule | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/91 | |
| fluoxetine | 2007 | Medicines for other common symptoms in palliative care | Medicines for other common symptoms in palliative care; Medicines for depressive disorders; Medicines for anxiety disorders; Medicines for obsessive compulsive disorders | 4 | Palliative care; Depressive disorders; Generalised anxiety disorder; Social anxiety disorder; Panic disorder; Obsessive-compulsive disorder | 6 | N06AB03 | Oral > Solid: 20 mg (as hydrochloride) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/24 | |
| fluphenazine | 1977 | Medicines for psychotic disorders | Medicines for psychotic disorders | 1 | Schizophrenia or other primary psychotic disorders | 1 | N05AB02 | Parenteral > General injections > IM: 25 mg per mL in ampoule (decanoate); 25 mg per mL in ampoule (enanthate) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/245 | |
| flutamide | 2021 | Hormones and antihormones | Hormones and antihormones | 1 | Malignant neoplasms of prostate | 1 | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/640 | |||
| fluticasone | 2025 | Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 1 | Asthma | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/666 | |||
| fluticasone + formoterol | 2025 | Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 1 | Asthma | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/671 | |||
| fluticasone furoate + vilanterol | 2025 | Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 1 | Asthma | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/672 | |||
| fluvastatin | 2021 | Lipid-lowering agents | Lipid-lowering agents | 1 | Mixed hyperlipidaemia; Coronary atherosclerosis | 2 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/528 | |||
| fluvoxamine | 2023 | Medicines for anxiety disorders | Medicines for anxiety disorders | 1 | Generalised anxiety disorder | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/661 | |||
| folic acid | 1977 | Antianaemia medicines | Antianaemia medicines | 1 | Cephalocele; Anencephaly or similar anomalies; Spina bifida; Folate deficiency anaemia | 4 | B03BB01 | Oral > Solid: 400 µg Oral > Liquid: 1 mg per mL Oral > Solid: 1 mg tablet; 5 mg tablet | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/120 | |
| fomepizole | 2013 | Antidotes and other substances used in poisonings > Specific | Antidotes and other substances used in poisonings > Specific | 1 | Harmful effects of or exposure to noxious substances, chiefly nonmedicinal as to source, not elsewhere classified | 1 | V03AB34 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 5 mg per mL in 20 mL ampoule or vial (sulfate); 1 g per mL in 1.5 mL ampoule or vial (base) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/46 | |
| fosfomycin (injection) | 2017 | Reserve group antibiotics | Reserve group antibiotics | 1 | Carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii; Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Other carbapenem resistant Enterobacterales | 3 | J01XX01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 2 g in vial (as sodium) powder for injection; 4 g in vial (as sodium) powder for injection | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/343 | |
| fresh-frozen plasma | 2013 | Blood and blood components | Blood and blood components | 1 | Blood transfusion without reported diagnosis | 1 | B05AX03 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/454 | |
| furosemide | 1977 | Diuretics | Diuretics; Medicines used in heart failure | 2 | Anuria or oliguria; Oedema; Heart failure | 3 | C03CA01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 10 mg per mL in 2 mL ampoule; 10 mg per mL in 5 mL ampoule Oral > Liquid: 20 mg per 5 mL; 50 mg per 5 mL Oral > Solid > tablet: 40 mg; 20 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/143 | |
| gefitinib | 2019 | Targeted therapies | Targeted therapies | 1 | Other specified malignant neoplasms of bronchus or lung | 1 | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/403 | |||
| gemcitabine | 2015 | Cytotoxic medicines | Cytotoxic medicines | 1 | Other specified carcinomas of ovary; Other specified malignant neoplasms of bronchus or lung | 2 | L01BC05 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 200 mg in vial powder for injection; 1 g in vial powder for injection | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/92 | |
| gentamicin | 1977 | Access group antibiotics | Access group antibiotics; Ophthalmological preparations > Anti-infective agents; Medicines for bacterial central nervous system infections | 3 | Acute malnutrition in infants, children or adolescents (complicated) [children]; Neonatal meningitis; Sepsis without septic shock; Bacterial pneumonia (Community-acquired pneumonia - severe) [children]; Peritoneal abscess (mild-moderate); Peritoneal abscess (severe); Peritonitis (mild-moderate); Peritonitis (severe); Other specified prophylactic measures; Gonococcal infection; Other specified conjunctivitis; Infectious blepharitis | 12 | J01GB03, S02AA14 | Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 10 mg per mL in 2 mL vial (as sulfate); 40 mg per mL in 2 mL vial (as sulfate); Local > Ophthalmological > Solution (eye drops): 0.3% (gentamicin sulfate) | benzylpenicillin; ampicillin; amoxicillin | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/229 |
| glass ionomer cement | 2021 | Dental medicines and preparations | Dental medicines and preparations | 1 | Dental caries | 1 | Local > Dental > Powder + liquid: Single-use capsules: 0.4 g powder + 0.09 mL liquid; Multi-use bottle: powder + liquid | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/616 | ||
| glatiramer acetate | 2023 | Medicines for multiple sclerosis | Medicines for multiple sclerosis | 1 | Multiple sclerosis | 1 | L03AX13 | Parenteral > General injections > SC: 20 mg per mL; 40 mg per mL Parenteral > General injections > SC: 20 mg per mL in pre-filled syringe; 40 mg per mL in pre-filled syringe | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/568 | |
| glecaprevir + pibrentasvir | 2019 | Medicines for hepatitis C > Pangenotypic direct-acting antiviral combinations | Medicines for hepatitis C > Pangenotypic direct-acting antiviral combinations | 1 | Chronic hepatitis C | 1 | J05AP57 | Oral > Solid: 50 mg + 20 mg granules Oral > Solid > tablet: 100 mg + 40 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/491 | |
| gliclazide | 2013 | Hypoglycaemic agents | Hypoglycaemic agents | 1 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | 1 | A10BB09 | Oral > Solid: 30 mg controlled-release; 60 mg controlled-release; 80 mg controlled-release | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/194 | |
| glucagon | 2011 | Medicines for hypoglycaemia | Medicines for hypoglycaemia | 1 | Hypoglycaemia in the context of diabetes | 1 | H04AA01 | Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 1 mg per mL as powder and diluent | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/195 | |
| glucose | 1977 | Solutions correcting water, electrolyte and acid-base disturbances > Parenteral | Solutions correcting water, electrolyte and acid-base disturbances > Parenteral | 1 | Hypoglycaemia without associated diabetes; Other specified disorders of fluid, electrolyte or acid-base balance | 2 | B05CX01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 50% hypertonic Parenteral > General injections > IV: 5% isotonic; 10% hypertonic | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/256 | |
| glucose + sodium chloride | 1979 | Solutions correcting water, electrolyte and acid-base disturbances > Parenteral | Solutions correcting water, electrolyte and acid-base disturbances > Parenteral | 1 | Other specified disorders of fluid, electrolyte or acid-base balance | 1 | B05BB02 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 4% + 0.18% (equivalent to Na+ 30 mmol/L and Cl- 30 mmol/L; 5% + 0.9% (equivalent to Na+ 150 mmol/L and Cl- 150 mmol/L); 5% + 0.45% (equivalent to Na+ 75 mmol/L and Cl- 75 mmol/L) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/542 | |
| glutaral | 1991 | Disinfectants | Disinfectants | 1 | Glutaral nonmedicinal | 1 | V07AV | Local > Topical > Solution: 2% | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/525 | |
| glycerol | 2025 | Dermatological medicines > Moisturizers | Dermatological medicines > Moisturizers | 1 | Atopic eczema | 1 | Local > Topical > Cream: 15 to 20% | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/956 | ||
| glyceryl trinitrate | 1977 | Antianginal medicines | Antianginal medicines | 1 | Angina pectoris | 1 | C01DA02 | Oral > Solid: 500 µg sublingual tablet | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/131 | |
| glycopyrronium | 2025 | Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 1 | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/675 | |||
| golimumab | 2023 | Immunomodulators for non-malignant disease | Immunomodulators for non-malignant disease; Medicines for juvenile joint diseases | 2 | Axial spondyloarthritis; Crohn disease site; Rheumatoid arthritis; Juvenile idiopathic arthritis | 4 | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/551 | |||
| goserelin | 2021 | Hormones and antihormones | Hormones and antihormones | 1 | Malignant neoplasms of breast; Malignant neoplasms of prostate | 2 | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/873 | |||
| granisetron | 2025 | Medicines for other common symptoms in palliative care | Medicines for other common symptoms in palliative care; Antiemetic medicines | 2 | Palliative care; Nausea or vomiting | 2 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/630 | |||
| griseofulvin | 1977 | Antifungal medicines | Antifungal medicines | 1 | Dermatophytosis | 1 | D01BA01 | Oral > Liquid: 125 mg per 5 mL Oral > Solid: 125 mg; 250 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/361 | |
| haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine | 2007 | Immunologicals > Vaccines | Immunologicals > Vaccines | 1 | Need for immunization against single bacterial diseases | 1 | J07AG01 | All vaccines should comply with the WHO requirements for biological substances. | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/206 | |
| haloperidol | 1977 | Medicines for other common symptoms in palliative care | Medicines for other common symptoms in palliative care; Medicines for psychotic disorders | 2 | Palliative care; Schizophrenia or other primary psychotic disorders | 2 | N05AD01 | Oral > Liquid: 2 mg per mL Oral > Solid: 0.5 mg; 2 mg; 5 mg Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 5 mg per mL in 1-mL ampoule; Parenteral > General injections > IM: 5 mg per mL in ampoule Oral > Solid: 2 mg; 5 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/25 | |
| haloperidol decanoate | 2023 | Medicines for psychotic disorders | Medicines for psychotic disorders | 1 | Schizophrenia or other primary psychotic disorders | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/924 | |||
| heparin sodium | 1977 | Medicines affecting coagulation | Medicines affecting coagulation | 1 | Acute ischaemic heart disease; Unstable angina; Venous thromboembolism | 3 | B01AB01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 1000 IU per mL in 1 mL ampoule or vial; 20000 IU per mL in 1 mL ampoule or vial; 5000 IU per mL in 1 mL ampoule or vial | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/124 | |
| hepatitis A vaccine | 2007 | Immunologicals > Vaccines | Immunologicals > Vaccines | 1 | Need for immunization against viral hepatitis | 1 | J07BC02 | All vaccines should comply with the WHO requirements for biological substances. | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/217 | |
| hepatitis B vaccine | 1987 | Immunologicals > Vaccines | Immunologicals > Vaccines | 1 | Need for immunization against viral hepatitis | 1 | J07BC01 | All vaccines should comply with the WHO requirements for biological substances. | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/207 | |
| hepatitis E vaccine | 2025 | Immunologicals > Vaccines | Immunologicals > Vaccines | 1 | Need for immunization against viral hepatitis | 1 | All vaccines should comply with the WHO requirements for biological substances. | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/957 | ||
| homatropine | 1977 | Ophthalmological preparations > Mydriatics | Ophthalmological preparations > Mydriatics | 1 | Anterior uveitis | 1 | Local > Ophthalmological > Solution (eye drops): 2% (hydrobromide) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/512 | ||
| human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccine | 2015 | Immunologicals > Vaccines | Immunologicals > Vaccines | 1 | Need for immunization against certain single viral diseases | 1 | J07BM01 | All vaccines should comply with the WHO requirements for biological substances. | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/208 | |
| hydralazine | 1977 | Antihypertensive medicines | Antihypertensive medicines | 1 | Gestational hypertension | 1 | C02DB02 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 20 mg in ampoule powder for injection (hydrochloride) Oral > Solid: 50 mg tablet; 25 mg tablet (hydrochloride) Oral > Solid: 50 mg (hydrochloride); 25 mg (hydrochloride) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/138 | |
| hydrochlorothiazide | 1977 | Antihypertensive medicines | Antihypertensive medicines; Diuretics; Medicines used in heart failure | 3 | Essential hypertension; Oedema; Heart failure | 3 | C03AA03 | Oral > Liquid: 50 mg per 5 mL Oral > Solid: 25 mg; 12.5 mg; Oral > Solid > dosage form: 25 mg; 12.5 mg; Oral > Liquid: 50 mg per 5 mL Oral > Solid: 25 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/139 | |
| hydrocortisone | 1977 | Hormones and antihormones | Hormones and antihormones; Antiallergics and medicines used in anaphylaxis; Anti-inflammatory medicines; Dermatological medicines > Anti-inflammatory and antipruritic medicines; Adrenal hormones and synthetic substitutes | 5 | Lymphoid leukaemia, not elsewhere classified; Burkitt lymphoma including Burkitt leukaemia; Anaphylaxis; Crohn disease site; Ulcerative colitis; Dermatitis or eczema; Pruritus due to skin disorder; Psoriasis of unspecified type; Lichen planus; Adrenocortical insufficiency | 10 | H02AB09, A07EA02, D07AA02 | Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 100 mg in vial (as sodium succinate); Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 100 mg in vial powder for injection (as sodium succinate); Local > Rectal > Suppository: 25 mg (acetate) Local > Rectal > Retention enema: 100 mg per 60 mL; Local > Topical > Cream: 1% (acetate) Local > Topical > Ointment: 1% (acetate); Oral > Solid > tablet: 5 mg; 10 mg; 20 mg Oral > Solid > granules: 0.5 mg in capsule; 1 mg in capsule; 2 mg in capsule; 5 mg in capsule | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/33 | |
| hydromorphone | 2025 | Opioid analgesics | Opioid analgesics | 1 | Pain | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/560 | |||
| hydroxocobalamin | 1979 | Antianaemia medicines | Antianaemia medicines | 1 | Megaloblastic anaemia due to vitamin B12 deficiency | 1 | B03BA03 | Parenteral > General injections > IM: 1 mg per mL in 1 mL ampoule (as acetate); 1 mg per mL in 1 mL ampoule (as hydrochloride); 1 mg per mL in 1 mL ampoule (as sulfate) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/121 | |
| hydroxychloroquine | 2011 | Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) | Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) | 1 | Systemic lupus erythematosus; Cutaneous lupus erythematosus of unspecified type | 2 | P01BA02 | Oral > Solid: 200 mg (as sulfate) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/276 | |
| hydroxyurea (hydroxycarbamide) | 2009 | Cytotoxic medicines | Cytotoxic medicines; Medicines for haemoglobinopathies | 2 | Chronic myeloid leukaemia, not elsewhere classified; Other specified sickle cell disorders or other haemoglobinopathies | 2 | L01XX05 | Oral > Solid: 200 mg; 250 mg; 300 mg; 400 mg; 500 mg; 1 g Oral > Solid > dosage form: 200 mg; 300 mg; 400 mg; 500 mg; 1 g; 100 mg; Oral > Solid > dosage form: 200 mg; 500 mg; 1 g; 100 mg | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/93 | |
| hyoscine butylbromide | 2013 | Medicines for other common symptoms in palliative care | Medicines for other common symptoms in palliative care | 1 | Palliative care | 1 | A03BB01 | Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 20 mg per mL injection | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/26 | |
| hyoscine hydrobromide | 2009 | Medicines for other common symptoms in palliative care | Medicines for other common symptoms in palliative care | 1 | Palliative care | 1 | A04AD01 | Local > Topical > Transdermal patch: 1 mg per 72 hours transdermal patch Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 400 µg per mL injection; 600 µg per mL injection | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/281 | |
| hypochlorous acid | 2025 | Disinfectants | Disinfectants | 1 | Disinfectant, not elsewhere classified | 1 | V07AV | Solution (aqueous): containing hypochlorous acid ≥ 150 parts per million | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/875 | |
| ibrutinib | 2021 | Targeted therapies | Targeted therapies | 1 | Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia or small lymphocytic lymphoma | 1 | L01EL01 | Oral > Solid: 140 mg | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/618 | |
| ibuprofen | 1977 | Medicines for acute migraine attacks | Medicines for acute migraine attacks; Medicines administered to the neonate [c]; Non-opioids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIMs) | 3 | Migraine; Patent arterial duct; Pain | 3 | M01AE01, C01EB16 | Oral > Liquid: 100 mg per 5 mL; 200 mg per 5 mL Oral > Solid > tablet: 200 mg; 400 mg; Parenteral > General injections > IV: 5 mg per mL; Oral > Liquid: 200 mg per 5 mL; 100 mg per 5 mL Oral > Solid > tablet: 200 mg; 400 mg; 600 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/14 | |
| ifosfamide | 2009 | Cytotoxic medicines | Cytotoxic medicines | 1 | Burkitt lymphoma including Burkitt leukaemia; Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK-negative; Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK-positive; Rhabdomyosarcoma primary site; Osteosarcoma of bone or articular cartilage of unspecified sites; Germ cell tumour of testis; Other specified malignant neoplasms of the ovary; Ewing sarcoma of bone or articular cartilage of unspecified sites; Malignant neoplasms of kidney, except renal pelvis | 9 | L01AA06 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 500 mg in vial powder for injection; 1 g in vial powder for injection; 2 g in vial powder for injection Parenteral > General injections > IV: 1 g in vial powder for injection; 2 g in vial powder for injection | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/94 | |
| imatinib | 2015 | Targeted therapies | Targeted therapies | 1 | B lymphoblastic leukaemia or lymphoma with t(9:22) (q34;q11.2); BCR-ABL1; Chronic myeloid leukaemia, not elsewhere classified; Gastrointestinal stromal tumour of unspecified gastrointestinal sites | 3 | L01EA01 | Oral > Solid: 100 mg; 400 mg | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/95 | |
| imipenem + cilastatin | 1997 | Watch group antibiotics | Watch group antibiotics; Antituberculosis medicines | 2 | Peritoneal abscess (severe); Neutropaenia (high-risk); Peritonitis (severe); Multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis | 4 | J01DH02 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 250 mg (as monohydrate) + 250 mg (as sodium salt) powder for injection; 500 mg (as monohydrate) + 500 mg (as sodium salt) powder for injection | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/600 | |
| indapamide | 2021 | Antihypertensive medicines | Antihypertensive medicines; Medicines used in heart failure | 2 | Essential hypertension; Heart failure | 2 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/647 | |||
| indometacin | 2021 | Medicines administered to the neonate [c] | Medicines administered to the neonate [c] | 1 | Patent arterial duct | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/427 | |||
| infliximab | 2023 | Immunomodulators for non-malignant disease | Immunomodulators for non-malignant disease; Medicines for juvenile joint diseases; Dermatological medicines > Medicines affecting skin differentiation and proliferation | 3 | Axial spondyloarthritis; Crohn disease site; Rheumatoid arthritis; Juvenile idiopathic arthritis; Psoriasis of unspecified type | 5 | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/549 | |||
| influenza vaccine (seasonal) | 1979 | Immunologicals > Vaccines | Immunologicals > Vaccines | 1 | Need for immunization against influenza | 1 | J07BB01, J07BB02, J07BB03 | All vaccines should comply with the WHO requirements for biological substances. | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/439 | |
| insulin (analogue, long-acting) | 2021 | Insulins | Insulins | 1 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Type 1 diabetes mellitus | 2 | A10AE06, A10AE05, A10AE04 | Parenteral > General injections > SC: 100 IU per mL in 3 mL cartridge solution; 100 IU per mL in 3 mL pre-filled pen solution; 100 IU per mL in 10 mL vial solution | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/622 | |
| insulin (analogue, rapid-acting) | 2025 | Insulins | Insulins | 1 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus; Type 2 diabetes mellitus | 2 | A10AB05, A10AB06, A10AB04 | Parenteral > General injections > SC: 100 IU per 1 mL in 10 mL vial; 100 IU per 1 mL in 3 mL cartridge; 100 IU per 1 mL in 3 mL pre-filled pen | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/958 | |
| insulin (human, intermediate-acting) | 1977 | Insulins | Insulins | 1 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Type 1 diabetes mellitus | 2 | A10AC01 | Parenteral > General injections > SC: 40 IU per mL in 10 mL vial as compound insulin zinc suspension or isophane insulin; 100 IU per mL in 10 mL vial as compound insulin zinc suspension or isophane insulin; 100 IU per mL in 3 mL cartridge as compound insulin zinc suspension or isophane insulin; 100 IU per mL in 3 mL pre-filled pen as compound insulin zinc suspension or isophane insulin | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/197 | |
| insulin (human, short-acting) | 1977 | Insulins | Insulins | 1 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Type 1 diabetes mellitus | 2 | A10AC01 | Parenteral > General injections > SC: 40 IU per mL in 10 mL vial solution; 100 IU per mL in 10 mL vial solution; 100 IU per mL in 3 mL cartridge solution; 100 IU per mL in 3 mL pre-filled pen solution | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/196 | |
| insulin aspart | 2025 | Insulins | Insulins | 1 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus; Type 2 diabetes mellitus | 2 | Parenteral > General injections > SC: 100 IU per mL in 110 mL vial; 100 IU per mL in 3 mL cartridge; 100 IU per mL in 3 mL pre-filled pen Parenteral > General injections > SC: 100 IU per mL in 10 mL vial; 100 IU per mL in 3 mL cartridge; 100 IU per mL in 3 mL pre-filled pen | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/965 | ||
| insulin degludec | Insulins | Insulins | 1 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Type 1 diabetes mellitus | 2 | Parenteral > General injections > SC: 100 units per mL | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/575 | |||
| insulin detemir | Insulins | Insulins | 1 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Type 1 diabetes mellitus | 2 | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/574 | ||||
| insulin glargine | Insulins | Insulins | 1 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Type 1 diabetes mellitus | 2 | Parenteral > General injections > SC: 100 units per mL | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/573 | |||
| insulin glulisine | 2025 | Insulins | Insulins | 1 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus; Type 2 diabetes mellitus | 2 | Parenteral > General injections > SC: 100 IU per mL in 10 mL vial; 100 IU per mL in 3 mL cartridge; 100 IU per mL in 3 mL pre-filled pen | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/966 | ||
| insulin lispro | 2025 | Insulins | Insulins | 1 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus; Type 2 diabetes mellitus | 2 | Parenteral > General injections > SC: 100 IU per mL in 10 mL vial; 100 IU per mL in 3 mL cartridge; 100 IU per mL in 3 mL pre-filled pen | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/964 | ||
| intraperitoneal dialysis solution | 1977 | Peritoneal dialysis solution | Peritoneal dialysis solution | 1 | Care involving peritoneal dialysis | 1 | Solution: of appropriate composition in accordance with local clinical guidelines. | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/429 | ||
| iodine | 1989 | Antiseptics | Antiseptics; Vitamins and minerals | 2 | Povidone iodine; Iodine deficiency | 2 | H03CA | Parenteral > General injections > IM: 480 mg per mL in 10 mL ampoule or vial iodized oil (oral or injectable) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/263 | |
| iodine + potassium iodide (Lugol's solution) | 2007 | Thyroid hormones and antithyroid medicines | Thyroid hormones and antithyroid medicines | 1 | Thyrotoxicosis | 1 | H03CA | Oral > Liquid: 5% w/v + 10% w/v (aqueous) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/202 | |
| iohexol | 1984 | Diagnostic agents > Radiocontrast media | Diagnostic agents > Radiocontrast media | 1 | X-ray contrast media, iodinated | 1 | V08AB02 | Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 140 to 350 mg iodine per mL in 5 mL ampoule; 140 to 350 mg iodine per mL in 10 mL ampoule; 140 to 350 mg iodine per mL in 20 mL ampoule | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/168 | |
| ipratropium bromide | 1997 | Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 1 | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Asthma | 2 | R03BB01 | Respiratory > Inhalation > solution: 20 µg per actuation in pressurized metered dose inhaler | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/253 | |
| irinotecan | 2015 | Cytotoxic medicines | Cytotoxic medicines | 1 | Rhabdomyosarcoma primary site; Malignant neoplasm metastasis in large intestine; Malignant neoplasms of kidney, except renal pelvis | 3 | L01CE02 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 40 mg per 2 mL in 2 mL vial; 100 mg per 5 mL in 5 mL vial; 500 mg per 25 mL in 25 mL vial | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/96 | |
| isoflurane | 2011 | General anaesthetics and oxygen > Inhalational medicines | General anaesthetics and oxygen > Inhalational medicines | 1 | Anaesthetics and therapeutic gases | 1 | N01AB06 | Respiratory > Inhalation > liquid: | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/2 | |
| isoniazid | 1977 | Antituberculosis medicines | Antituberculosis medicines | 1 | Tuberculosis | 1 | J04AC01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 100 mg per mL Oral > Solid > dispersible tablet: 100 mg (scored) Oral > Solid > tablet: 100 mg; 300 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/325 | |
| isoniazid + pyrazinamide + rifampicin | 1997 | Antituberculosis medicines | Antituberculosis medicines | 1 | Tuberculosis | 1 | J04AM05 | Oral > Solid > dispersible tablet: 50 mg + 150 mg + 75 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/326 | |
| isoniazid + pyridoxine + sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim | 2017 | Medicines for prevention of HIV-related opportunistic infections | Medicines for prevention of HIV-related opportunistic infections | 1 | Other specified prophylactic measures | 1 | J04AC51 | Oral > Solid: 300 mg + 25 mg + 800 mg + 160 mg tablet (scored) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/286 | |
| isoniazid + rifampicin | 1989 | Antituberculosis medicines | Antituberculosis medicines | 1 | Tuberculosis | 1 | J04AM02 | Oral > Solid > dispersible tablet: 50 mg + 75 mg Oral > Solid > tablet: 75 mg + 150 mg; 150 mg + 300 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/330 | |
| isoniazid + rifapentine | 2021 | Antituberculosis medicines | Antituberculosis medicines | 1 | Latent tuberculosis | 1 | J04AC51 | Oral > Solid: 300 mg + 300 mg tablet (scored) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/627 | |
| isosorbide dinitrate | 1977 | Antianginal medicines | Antianginal medicines | 1 | Angina pectoris | 1 | C01DA08 | Oral > Solid: 5 mg sublingual tablet | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/132 | |
| itraconazole | 2017 | Antifungal medicines | Antifungal medicines | 1 | Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis; Paracoccidioidomycosis; Sporotrichosis; Histoplasmosis; Talaromycosis; Chromoblastomycosis | 6 | J02AC02 | Oral > Liquid: 10 mg per mL Oral > Solid: 100 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/287 | |
| ivacaftor | 2025 | Medicines for cystic fibrosis | Medicines for cystic fibrosis | 1 | Cystic fibrosis | 1 | R07AX02 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 75 mg; 150 mg Oral > Solid > granules: 59.5 mg; 75 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/959 | |
| ivermectin | 1987 | Intestinal anthelminthics | Intestinal anthelminthics; Antifilarials; Medicines for ectoparasitic infections | 3 | Hookworm diseases; Strongyloidiasis; Trichuriasis; Ancylostomiasis; Ascariasis; Lymphatic filariasis; Onchocerciasis; Scabies | 8 | P02CF01 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 3 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/58 | |
| kanamycin | 2021 | Ophthalmological preparations > Anti-infective agents | Ophthalmological preparations > Anti-infective agents | 1 | Other specified conjunctivitis; Infectious blepharitis | 2 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/876 | |||
| ketamine | 1984 | General anaesthetics and oxygen > Injectable medicines | General anaesthetics and oxygen > Injectable medicines | 1 | Anaesthetics and therapeutic gases | 1 | N01AX03 | Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 10 mg per mL in vial (as hydrochloride); 50 mg per mL in vial (as hydrochloride) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/5 | |
| lactulose | 2011 | Medicines for other common symptoms in palliative care | Medicines for other common symptoms in palliative care | 1 | Palliative care | 1 | A06AD11 | Oral > Liquid: 3.3 to 3.4 g per 5 mL oral liquid | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/27 | |
| lamivudine | 2002 | Antiretrovirals > Nucleoside/Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors | Antiretrovirals > Nucleoside/Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors | 1 | Human immunodeficiency virus disease without mention of tuberculosis or malaria, clinical stage unspecified | 1 | J05AF05 | Oral > Liquid: 50 mg per 5 mL Oral > Solid: 150 mg tablet | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/364 | |
| lamivudine + tenofovir | 2021 | Fixed-dose combinations of antiretrovirals | Fixed-dose combinations of antiretrovirals | 1 | Contact with or exposure to human immunodeficiency virus; Human immunodeficiency virus disease without mention of tuberculosis or malaria, clinical stage unspecified | 2 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/638 | |||
| lamivudine + zidovudine | 2007 | Fixed-dose combinations of antiretrovirals | Fixed-dose combinations of antiretrovirals | 1 | Human immunodeficiency virus disease without mention of tuberculosis or malaria, clinical stage unspecified | 1 | J05AR01 | Oral > Solid: 30 mg + 60 mg Tablet; 150 mg + 300 mg Tablet | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/470 | |
| lamotrigine | 2017 | Antiseizure medicines | Antiseizure medicines | 1 | Epilepsy or seizures | 1 | N03AX09 | Oral > Solid: 25 mg tablet; 50 mg tablet; 100 mg tablet; 200 mg tablet; 2 mg tablet (chewable, dispersible); 5 mg tablet (chewable, dispersible); 25 mg tablet (chewable, dispersible); 50 mg tablet (chewable, dispersible); 100 mg tablet (chewable, dispersible); 200 mg tablet (chewable, dispersible) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/50 | |
| latanoprost | 2013 | Ophthalmological preparations > Miotics and antiglaucoma medicines | Ophthalmological preparations > Miotics and antiglaucoma medicines | 1 | Primary open-angle glaucoma | 1 | S01EE01 | Local > Ophthalmological > Solution (eye drops): 50 µg per mL eye drops | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/235 | |
| ledipasvir + sofosbuvir | 2015 | Medicines for hepatitis C > Non-pangenotypic direct-acting antiviral combinations | Medicines for hepatitis C > Non-pangenotypic direct-acting antiviral combinations | 1 | Chronic hepatitis C | 1 | J05AP51 | Oral > Solid: 90 mg + 400 mg tablet | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/495 | |
| lenalidomide | 2019 | Immunomodulators | Immunomodulators | 1 | Plasma cell myeloma | 1 | L04AX04 | Oral > Solid: 25 mg | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/408 | |
| letrozole | 2023 | Ovulation inducers | Ovulation inducers | 1 | Female infertility without specification whether primary or secondary | 1 | L02BG04 | Oral > Solid > dosage form: 2.5 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/917 | |
| leuprorelin | 2015 | Hormones and antihormones | Hormones and antihormones | 1 | Malignant neoplasms of breast; Malignant neoplasms of prostate | 2 | L02AE02 | Parenteral > General injections > IM: 7.5 mg in prefilled syringe; 22.5 mg in prefilled syringe | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/113 | |
| levamisole | 1987 | Intestinal anthelminthics | Intestinal anthelminthics | 1 | Ascariasis | 1 | P02CE01 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 50 mg (as hydrochloride); 150 mg (as hydrochloride) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/59 | |
| levetiracetam | 2023 | Antiseizure medicines | Antiseizure medicines | 1 | Epilepsy or seizures; Status epilepticus | 2 | N03AX14 | Oral > Liquid: 100 mg per mL Oral > Solid > tablet: 250 mg; 500 mg; 750 mg; 1000 mg Parenteral > General injections > IV: 100 mg per mL in 5 mL ampoule or vial; 5 mg per mL in 100 mL bag; 10 mg per mL in 100 mL bag; 15 mg per mL in 100 mL bag | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/902 | |
| levodopa + benserazide | 2021 | Medicines for parkinsonism | Medicines for parkinsonism | 1 | Parkinson disease | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/642 | |||
| levodopa + carbidopa | 1977 | Medicines for parkinsonism | Medicines for parkinsonism | 1 | Parkinson disease | 1 | N04BA02 | Oral > Solid: 100 mg + 10 mg tablet; 250 mg + 25 mg tablet; 100 mg + 25 mg tablet | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/393 | |
| levofloxacin | 1999 | Antituberculosis medicines | Antituberculosis medicines | 1 | Multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis | 1 | J01MA12 | Oral > Solid > dispersible tablet: 100 mg Oral > Solid > tablet: 250 mg; 500 mg; 750 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/353 | |
| levonorgestrel | 1995 | Oral hormonal contraceptives | Oral hormonal contraceptives; Intrauterine devices | 2 | Contact with health services for postcoital contraception; Contact with health services for contraceptive management; Contact with health services for insertion of contraceptive device | 3 | G03AD01, G03AC03, G02BA03 | Oral > Solid: 750 µg [2]; 1.5 mg [1] Oral > Solid: 30 µg; Intrauterine system with reservoir containing 52 mg of levonorgestrel. | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/186 | |
| levonorgestrel-releasing implant | 2007 | Implantable contraceptives | Implantable contraceptives | 1 | Contact with health services for insertion of contraceptive device | 1 | G03AC03 | Implant > Subdermal: 75 mg per rod (two-rods) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/424 | |
| levothyroxine | 1977 | Thyroid hormones and antithyroid medicines | Thyroid hormones and antithyroid medicines | 1 | Hypothyroidism | 1 | H03AA01 | Oral > Solid: 50 µg (sodium salt); 100 µg (sodium salt); 25 µg (sodium salt) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/199 | |
| lidocaine | 1977 | Antiarrhythmic medicines | Antiarrhythmic medicines; Local anaesthetics | 2 | Ventricular tachyarrhythmia; Local anaesthetics | 2 | C01BB01, N01BB02 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 20 mg per mL in 5 mL ampoule (hydrochloride); Parenteral > Locoregional injections > Spinal anaesthesia: 5% in 2 mL ampoule (hydrochloride) + 7.5% glucose solution Parenteral > Locoregional injections > Other: 1% (hydrochloride); 2% (hydrochloride); 0.5% (hydrochloride) Local > Topical > unspecified: 2 to 4% (hydrochloride) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/8 | |
| lidocaine + epinephrine | 2002 | Local anaesthetics | Local anaesthetics | 1 | Local anaesthetics | 1 | N01BB52 | Parenteral > Locoregional injections > Other: 1% (lidocaine hydrochloride OR lidocaine sulfate) + 1:200 000 epinephrine; 2% (lidocaine hydrochloride OR lidocaine sulfate) + 1:200 000 epinephrine Local > Dental > Cartridge: 2% (lidocaine hydrochloride) + 1:80 000 epinephrine | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/277 | |
| linezolid | 2015 | Reserve group antibiotics | Reserve group antibiotics; Antituberculosis medicines | 2 | Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Vancomycin resistant Enterococcus; Multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis | 4 | J01XX08 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 2 mg per mL in 300 mL bag Oral > Liquid: 100 mg per 5 mL powder for oral liquid Oral > Solid: 400 mg tablet; 600 mg tablet Oral > Solid > dispersible tablet: 150 mg Oral > Solid > tablet: 600 mg; Oral > Solid > dispersible tablet: 150 mg (scored) Oral > Solid > tablet: 600 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/345 | |
| liraglutide | Hypoglycaemic agents | Hypoglycaemic agents | 1 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | 1 | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/932 | ||||
| lisinopril + amlodipine | 2019 | Antihypertensive medicines | Antihypertensive medicines | 1 | Essential hypertension | 1 | C09BB03 | Oral > Solid: 10 mg + 5 mg; 20 mg + 5 mg; 20 mg + 10 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/531 | |
| lisinopril + hydrochlorothiazide | 2019 | Antihypertensive medicines | Antihypertensive medicines | 1 | Essential hypertension | 1 | C09BA03 | Oral > Solid: 10 mg + 12.5 mg; 20 mg + 12.5 mg; 20 mg + 25 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/532 | |
| lithium carbonate | 1977 | Medicines for bipolar disorders | Medicines for bipolar disorders | 1 | Bipolar or related disorders | 1 | N05AN01 | Oral > Solid: 300 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/248 | |
| loperamide | 2013 | Medicines for other common symptoms in palliative care | Medicines for other common symptoms in palliative care | 1 | Palliative care | 1 | A07DA03 | Oral > Solid > dosage form: 2 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/28 | |
| lopinavir + ritonavir | 2002 | Antiretrovirals > Protease inhibitors | Antiretrovirals > Protease inhibitors | 1 | Human immunodeficiency virus disease without mention of tuberculosis or malaria, clinical stage unspecified | 1 | J05AR10 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 100 mg + 25 mg tablet (heat-stable); 200 mg + 50 mg tablet (heat-stable) Oral > Solid > dosage form: 40 mg + 10 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/453 | |
| loratadine | 2013 | Antiallergics and medicines used in anaphylaxis | Antiallergics and medicines used in anaphylaxis | 1 | Allergic or hypersensitivity conditions of unspecified type | 1 | R06AX13 | Oral > Liquid: 1 mg per mL Oral > Solid > tablet: 10 mg; 5 mg (chewable); 10 mg (chewable) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/34 | |
| lorazepam | 2009 | Antiseizure medicines | Antiseizure medicines; Medicines for anxiety disorders | 2 | Status epilepticus; Anxiety | 2 | N05BA06 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 2 mg per mL in 1 mL ampoule; 4 mg per mL in 1 mL ampoule | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/51 | |
| losartan | 2017 | Antihypertensive medicines | Antihypertensive medicines; Medicines used in heart failure | 2 | Essential hypertension; Heart failure | 2 | C09CA01 | Oral > Solid: 25 mg tablet; 50 mg tablet; 100 mg tablet | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/141 | |
| lovastatin | 2021 | Lipid-lowering agents | Lipid-lowering agents | 1 | Mixed hyperlipidaemia; Coronary atherosclerosis | 2 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/527 | |||
| magnesium sulfate | 1995 | Antiseizure medicines | Antiseizure medicines | 1 | Severe pre-eclampsia; Eclampsia | 2 | B05XA05 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 500 mg per mL in 2 mL ampoule (equivalent to 1 g in 2 mL; 50% weight/volume) Parenteral > General injections > IM: 500 mg per mL in 10 mL ampoule (equivalent to 5 g in 10 mL; 50% weight/volume) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/52 | |
| malaria vaccine | 2025 | Immunologicals > Vaccines | Immunologicals > Vaccines | 1 | Need for immunization against certain specified single infectious diseases | 1 | J07XA01 | All vaccines should comply with the WHO requirements for biological substances. | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/969 | |
| mannitol | 1977 | Diuretics | Diuretics | 1 | Ocular hypertension; Cerebral oedema | 2 | B05BC01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 10% solution; 20% solution | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/177 | |
| measles vaccine | 1977 | Immunologicals > Vaccines | Immunologicals > Vaccines | 1 | Need for immunization against measles alone | 1 | J07BD01 | All vaccines should comply with the WHO requirements for biological substances. | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/209 | |
| mebendazole | 1977 | Intestinal anthelminthics | Intestinal anthelminthics; Cysticidal medicines | 2 | Hookworm diseases; Trichuriasis; Ascariasis; Enterobiasis; Other specified echinococcosis | 5 | P02CA01 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 100 mg (chewable); 500 mg (chewable) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/60 | |
| medroxyprogesterone acetate | 1984 | Injectable hormonal contraceptives | Injectable hormonal contraceptives; Progestogens | 2 | Contact with health services for reasons associated with reproduction; Excessive menstruation with irregular cycle | 2 | G03AC06, G03DA02 | Parenteral > General injections > IM: 150 mg per mL in 1 mL vial Parenteral > General injections > SC: 104 mg per 0.65 mL in pre-filled syringe; 104 mg per 0.65 mL in single dose injection delivery system; Oral > Solid: 5 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/189 | |
| mefloquine | 1987 | Antimalarial medicines > Medicines for chemoprophylaxis in travellers | Antimalarial medicines > Medicines for chemoprophylaxis in travellers | 1 | Malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum | 1 | P01BC02 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 250 mg (scored) (as hydrochloride) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/379 | |
| meglumine antimoniate | 1987 | Antileishmaniasis medicines | Antileishmaniasis medicines | 1 | Visceral leishmaniasis; Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis; Cutaneous leishmaniasis | 3 | P01CB01 | Parenteral > General injections > IM: 1.5 g per 5 mL in 5 mL ampoule | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/370 | |
| meglumine iotroxate | 1984 | Diagnostic agents > Radiocontrast media | Diagnostic agents > Radiocontrast media | 1 | X-ray contrast media, iodinated | 1 | V08AC02 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 5 to 8 g iodine (as meglumine) in 100 to 250 mL | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/169 | |
| melarsoprol | 1977 | Medicines for the treatment of 2nd stage African trypanosomiasis | Medicines for the treatment of 2nd stage African trypanosomiasis | 1 | Gambiense trypanosomiasis; Rhodesiense trypanosomiasis | 2 | P01CD01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 3.6% in 5 mL ampoule solution (180 mg of active compound) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/389 | |
| melphalan | 2019 | Cytotoxic medicines | Cytotoxic medicines | 1 | Plasma cell myeloma | 1 | L01AA03 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 50 mg in vial powder for injection Oral > Solid: 2 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/556 | |
| meningococcal meningitis vaccine | 1979 | Immunologicals > Vaccines | Immunologicals > Vaccines | 1 | Need for immunization against single bacterial diseases | 1 | J07AH01, J07AH02, J07AH03, J07AH04, J07AH05, J07AH06, J07AH07, J07AH08, J07AH09, J07AH10 | All vaccines should comply with the WHO requirements for biological substances. | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/438 | |
| mercaptopurine | 1984 | Cytotoxic medicines | Cytotoxic medicines | 1 | Lymphoid leukaemia, not elsewhere classified; Acute myeloid leukaemia with recurrent genetic abnormalities; Langerhans cell histiocytosis | 3 | L01BB02 | Oral > Liquid: 20 mg per mL Oral > Solid: 50 mg tablet | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/97 | |
| meropenem | 2017 | Watch group antibiotics | Watch group antibiotics; Medicines for bacterial central nervous system infections; Antituberculosis medicines | 3 | Neonatal meningitis; Peritoneal abscess (severe); Neutropaenia (high-risk); Peritonitis (severe); Multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis | 5 | J01DH02 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 500 mg in vial (as trihydrate) powder for injection; 1 g in vial (as trihydrate) powder for injection | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/329 | |
| meropenem + vaborbactam | 2019 | Reserve group antibiotics | Reserve group antibiotics | 1 | Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii; Other carbapenem resistant Enterobacterales; Carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae; Carbapenem resistant Escherichia coli | 5 | J01DH52 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 1 g in vial + 1 g in vial powder for injection | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/396 | |
| mesalazine | 2021 | Anti-inflammatory medicines | Anti-inflammatory medicines | 1 | Crohn disease site; Ulcerative colitis | 2 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/547 | |||
| mesna | 2009 | Supportive medicines | Supportive medicines | 1 | Rhabdomyosarcoma primary site; Germ cell tumour of testis; Other specified malignant neoplasms of the ovary; Osteosarcoma of bone or articular cartilage of unspecified sites; Ewing sarcoma of bone or articular cartilage of unspecified sites; Malignant neoplasms of kidney, except renal pelvis; Burkitt lymphoma including Burkitt leukaemia | 7 | V03AF01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 100 mg per mL in 4 mL ampoule; 100 mg per mL in 10 mL ampoule; 100 mg per mL in 2 mL ampoule Oral > Solid > tablet: 400 mg; 600 mg Oral > Other: 600 mg Oral > Solid > tablet: 400 mg Parenteral > General injections > IV: 100 mg per mL in 4 mL ampoule; 100 mg per mL in 10 mL ampoule Oral > Solid: 400 mg; 600 mg | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/98 | |
| metformin | 1997 | Hypoglycaemic agents | Hypoglycaemic agents | 1 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | 1 | A10BA02 | Oral > Solid: 500 mg (hydrochloride) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/191 | |
| methadone | 2005 | Medicines for opioid use disorders | Medicines for opioid use disorders; Opioid analgesics | 2 | Opioid dependence; Chronic cancer pain | 2 | N07BC02 | Oral > Liquid: 5 mg per 5 mL (methadone hydrochloride); 10 mg per 5 mL (methadone hydrochloride); 5 mg per mL concentrate for oral liquid (methadone hydrochloride); 10 mg per mL concentrate for oral liquid (methadone hydrochloride); Oral > Liquid: 5 mg per 5 mL (methadone hydrochloride); 25 mg per 5 mL (methadone hydrochloride); 50 mg per 5 mL concentrate for oral liquid (methadone hydrochloride); 10 mg per mL concentrate for oral liquid (methadone hydrochloride) Oral > Solid > tablet: 5 mg (methadone hydrochloride); 10 mg (methadone hydrochloride) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/18 | |
| methimazole | 2019 | Thyroid hormones and antithyroid medicines | Thyroid hormones and antithyroid medicines | 1 | Thyrotoxicosis | 1 | H03BB02 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 5 mg; 10 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/506 | |
| methotrexate | 1977 | Cytotoxic medicines | Cytotoxic medicines; Dermatological medicines > Medicines affecting skin differentiation and proliferation; Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs); Medicines for juvenile joint diseases | 4 | Lymphoid leukaemia, not elsewhere classified; Acute myeloid leukaemia with recurrent genetic abnormalities; Burkitt lymphoma including Burkitt leukaemia; Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK-negative; Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK-positive; Langerhans cell histiocytosis; Osteosarcoma of bone or articular cartilage of unspecified sites; Malignant neoplasms of breast; Malignant trophoblastic neoplasms of placenta; Psoriasis of unspecified type; Rheumatoid arthritis, serology unspecified; Juvenile idiopathic arthritis | 12 | L01BA01, L04AX03 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 50 mg in vial (as sodium salt); 50 mg per 2 mL; 1000 mg per 10 mL concentrated injection Oral > Solid: 2.5 mg (as sodium salt) Parenteral > General injections > IV: 50 mg in vial (as sodium salt); Oral > Solid > tablet: 2.5 mg (as sodium salt); 10 mg (as sodium salt); Oral > Solid > tablet: 2.5 mg (as sodium salt) | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/99 | |
| methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta | 2017 | Antianaemia medicines | Antianaemia medicines | 1 | Anaemia due to chronic disease | 1 | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/419 | |||
| methyldopa | 1977 | Antihypertensive medicines | Antihypertensive medicines | 1 | Gestational hypertension | 1 | C02AB01 | Oral > Solid: 250 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/140 | |
| methylergometrine | 2021 | Uterotonics | Uterotonics | 1 | Postpartum haemorrhage | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/658 | |||
| methylprednisolone | 2011 | Hormones and antihormones | Hormones and antihormones | 1 | Burkitt lymphoma including Burkitt leukaemia; Lymphoid leukaemia, not elsewhere classified | 2 | H02AB04 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 40 mg in vial (as sodium succinate); 125 mg in vial (as sodium succinate) Parenteral > General injections > IV: 40 mg in vial (as sodium succinate) powder for injection; 125 mg in vial (as sodium succinate) powder for injection | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/114 | |
| methylthioninium chloride | 1979 | Antidotes and other substances used in poisonings > Specific | Antidotes and other substances used in poisonings > Specific | 1 | Acquired methaemoglobinaemia | 1 | V03AB17 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 10 mg per mL in 10 mL ampoule | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/38 | |
| meticillin | 2023 | Access group antibiotics | Access group antibiotics | 1 | Bacterial infection of joint; Osteomyelitis or osteitis; Bacterial cellulitis, erysipelas or lymphangitis; Sepsis without septic shock | 4 | J01CF02 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/818 | ||
| metoclopramide | 1982 | Medicines for other common symptoms in palliative care | Medicines for other common symptoms in palliative care; Antiemetic medicines | 2 | Palliative care; Nausea or vomiting | 2 | A03FA01 | Oral > Liquid: 5 mg per 5 mL Oral > Solid: 10 mg (hydrochloride) Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 5 mg per mL in 2 mL ampoule (hydrochloride); Oral > Liquid: 5 mg per 5 mL Oral > Solid: 10 mg (scored) (hydrochloride) Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 5 mg per mL in 2 mL ampoule (hydrochloride) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/29 | |
| metoprolol | 2011 | Antianginal medicines | Antianginal medicines; Antihypertensive medicines; Antiarrhythmic medicines; Medicines used in heart failure | 4 | Angina pectoris; Essential hypertension; Cardiac arrhythmia; Heart failure | 4 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/497 | |||
| metronidazole | 1977 | Antiamoebic and antigiardiasis medicines | Antiamoebic and antigiardiasis medicines; Access group antibiotics | 2 | Amoebiasis; Trichomoniasis; Intestinal infections due to Clostridioides difficile; Necrotising fasciitis; Peritoneal abscess (mild-moderate); Peritoneal abscess (severe); Peritonitis (mild-moderate); Peritonitis (severe); Other specified prophylactic measures | 9 | P01AB01, A01AB17, J01XD01 | Oral > Liquid: 200 mg per 5 mL (as benzoate) Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 500 mg in 100 mL vial Oral > Solid > tablet: 200 mg; 250 mg; 400 mg; 500 mg; Oral > Liquid: 200 mg per 5 mL (as benzoate) Local > Rectal > Suppository: 500 mg; 1 g Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 500 mg per 100 mL in vial Oral > Solid > tablet: 200 mg; 250 mg; 400 mg; 500 mg Oral > Solid > tablet: 500 mg; 200 mg; 250 mg; 400 mg Oral > Solid: 200 to 500 mg tablet Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 500 mg per 100 mL in vial Injection | cefotaxime; ceftriaxone; cefazolin; ciprofloxacin | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/313 |
| micafungin | 2021 | Antifungal medicines | Antifungal medicines | 1 | Systemic or invasive candidosis | 1 | J02AX05 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 50 mg in vial (as sodium) powder for injection; 100 mg in vial (as sodium) powder for injection | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/621 | |
| miconazole | 1977 | Dermatological medicines > Antifungal medicines | Dermatological medicines > Antifungal medicines | 1 | Fungal infection of the skin | 1 | D01AC02 | Local > Topical > Cream: 2% (nitrate) Local > Topical > Ointment: 2% (nitrate) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/149 | |
| midazolam | 2009 | Antiseizure medicines | Antiseizure medicines; Medicines for other common symptoms in palliative care; Preoperative medication and sedation for short-term procedures | 3 | Status epilepticus; Palliative care; Sedative-hypnotic and anxiolytic drugs | 3 | N05CD08 | Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 1 mg per mL in 5 mL vial (for buccal administration); 5 mg per mL in 1 mL vial (for buccal administration); 5 mg per mL in 3 mL vial (for buccal administration) Local > Buccal > Solution: 5 mg per mL in 0.5 mL pre-filled syringe (for oromucosal administration); 5 mg per mL in 1 mL pre-filled syringe (for oromucosal administration); 5 mg per mL in 1.5 mL pre-filled syringe (for oromucosal administration); 5 mg per mL in 2 mL pre-filled syringe (for oromucosal administration); 10 mg per mL in 0.25 mL pre-filled syringe (for oromucosal administration); 10 mg per mL in 0.5 mL pre-filled syringe (for oromucosal administration); 10 mg per mL in 0.75 mL pre-filled syringe; 10 mg per mL in 1 mL pre-filled syringe (for oromucosal administration); Oral > Liquid: 2 mg per mL Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 1 mg per mL in 5 mL vial; 5 mg per mL in 1 mL vial; 5 mg per mL in 3 mL vial Local > Buccal > Solution: ; 5 mg per mL in 0.5 mL pre-filled syringe (for oromucosal administration); 5 mg per mL in 1 mL pre-filled syringe (for oromucosal administration); 5 mg per mL in 1.5 mL pre-filled syringe (for oromucosal administration); 5 mg per mL in 2 mL pre-filled syringe (for oromucosal administration); 10 mg per mL in 0.25 mL pre-filled syringe (for oromucosal administration); 10 mg per mL in 0.5 mL pre-filled syringe (for oromucosal administration); 10 mg per mL in 0.75 mL pre-filled syringe (for oromucosal administration); 10 mg per mL in 1 mL pre-filled syringe (for oromucosal administration) Oral > Solid > dosage form: 7.5 mg; 15 mg; Parenteral > General injections > IV: 1 mg per mL in 5 vial; 5 mg per mL in 1 mL vial; 5 mg per mL in 3 mL vial Oral > Liquid: 2 mg per mL Oral > Solid > dosage form: 15 mg; 7.5 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/11 | |
| mifepristone - misoprostol | 2005 | Medicines for medical abortion | Medicines for medical abortion | 1 | Unspecified time of fetal death, cause not specified; Induced abortion | 2 | G03XB51 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 200 mg + 200 µg; 200 mg [1] + 200 µg [4] in co-package | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/242 | |
| miltefosine | 2011 | Antileishmaniasis medicines | Antileishmaniasis medicines | 1 | Visceral leishmaniasis; Cutaneous leishmaniasis; Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis | 3 | P01CX04 | Oral > Solid: 10 mg; 50 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/367 | |
| misoprostol | 2005 | Uterotonics | Uterotonics; Medicines for medical abortion | 2 | Unspecified obstetric condition; Postpartum haemorrhage; Spontaneous abortion, incomplete, without complication | 3 | G02AD06 | Local > Vaginal > tablet: 25 µg Oral > Solid: 200 µg; Oral > Solid > tablet: 200 µg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/240 | |
| mometasone | 2025 | Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 1 | Asthma | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/667 | |||
| mometasone + formoterol | 2025 | Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 1 | Asthma | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/670 | |||
| morphine | 1977 | Opioid analgesics | Opioid analgesics; Preoperative medication and sedation for short-term procedures | 2 | Pain; Opioids or related analgesics and agents affecting opioid receptors | 2 | N02AA01 | Oral > Liquid: 5 mg per 5 mL (morphine hydrochloride or morphine sulfate); 10 mg per 5 mL (morphine hydrochloride or morphine sulfate) Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 1 mg per mL in 1 mL ampoule (morphine hydrochloride or morphine sulfate); 2 mg per mL in 1 mL ampoule (morphine hydrochloride or morphine sulfate); 10 mg per mL in 1 mL ampoule (morphine hydrochloride or morphine sulfate) Oral > Solid > tablet: 10 mg immediate release (morphine sulfate) Oral > Solid > dosage form: 30 mg slow-release (morphine hydrochloride or morphine sulfate); 200 mg slow-release (morphine hydrochloride or morphine sulfate); 100 mg slow-release (morphine hydrochloride or morphine sulfate); 60 mg slow-release (morphine hydrochloride or morphine sulfate); 10 mg slow-release (morphine hydrochloride or morphine sulfate); 5 mg slow-release (morphine hydrochloride or morphine sulfate) Oral > Solid > granules: 20 mg (morphine sulfate); 30 mg (morphine sulfate); 60 mg (morphine sulfate); 100 mg (morphine sulfate); 200 mg (morphine sulfate); Parenteral > General injections > IV: 1 mg in 1 mL ampoule (morphine hydrochloride or morphine sulfate); 2 mg per mL in 1 mL ampoule (morphine hydrochloride or morphine sulfate); 10 mg per mL in 1 mL ampoule (morphine hydrochloride or morphine sulfate) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/12 | |
| moxidectin | 2025 | Antifilarials | Antifilarials | 1 | Lymphatic filariasis; Onchocerciasis | 2 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 2 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/963 | ||
| moxifloxacin | 2017 | Antituberculosis medicines | Antituberculosis medicines | 1 | Multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Tuberculosis | 2 | J01MA14 | Oral > Solid > dispersible tablet: 100 mg Oral > Solid > tablet: 400 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/354 | |
| mpox vaccine | 2025 | Immunologicals > Vaccines | Immunologicals > Vaccines | 1 | Need for immunization against certain single viral diseases | 1 | J07BX01 | All vaccines should comply with the WHO requirements for biological substances. | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/960 | |
| multiple micronutrient powder | 2019 | Vitamins and minerals | Vitamins and minerals | 1 | Iron deficiency anaemia | 1 | A11AA01 | Sachets containing: - iron (elemental) 12.5 mg (as coated ferrous fumarate) - zinc (elemental) 5 mg - vitamin A 300 micrograms - with or without other micronutrients at recommended daily values | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/546 | |
| multiple micronutrient supplement | 2021 | Other medicines administered to the mother | Other medicines administered to the mother | 1 | Maternal care for other specified conditions predominantly related to pregnancy | 1 | A11AA01 | Tablet containing: Vit A: 800 mcg retinol activity equivalent Vit C: 70 mg Vit D: 5 mcg (200 IU) Vit E: 10 mg alpha tocopherol equivalent Vit B1: 1.4 mg Vit B2: 1.4 mg Vit B3: 18 mg niacin equivalent Vit B6: 1.9 mg Folic acid: 400 mcg Vit B12: 2.6 mcg Iron: 30 mg Iodine: 150 mcg Zinc: 15 mg Selenium: 65 mcg Copper: 2 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/624 | |
| mumps vaccine | 1999 | Immunologicals > Vaccines | Immunologicals > Vaccines | 1 | Need for immunization against mumps alone | 1 | J07BE01 | All vaccines should comply with the WHO requirements for biological substances. | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/220 | |
| mupirocin | 1989 | Dermatological medicines > Anti-infective medicines | Dermatological medicines > Anti-infective medicines | 1 | Superficial bacterial folliculitis; Impetigo | 2 | D06AX09 | Local > Topical > Cream: 2% (as mupirocin calcium) Local > Topical > Ointment: 2% | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/152 | |
| nadroparin | 2015 | Medicines affecting coagulation | Medicines affecting coagulation | 1 | Acute ischaemic heart disease; Venous thromboembolism | 2 | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/413 | |||
| nafcillin | 2023 | Access group antibiotics | Access group antibiotics | 1 | Bacterial infection of joint; Osteomyelitis or osteitis; Bacterial cellulitis, erysipelas or lymphangitis; Sepsis without septic shock | 4 | J01CF02 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/751 | ||
| naloxone | 1977 | Antidotes and other substances used in poisonings > Specific | Antidotes and other substances used in poisonings > Specific | 1 | Unintentional exposure to or harmful effects of opioids or related analgesics | 1 | V03AB15 | Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 400 µg per 1 mL in ampoule (naloxone hydrochloride) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/39 | |
| naltrexone | 2023 | Medicines for alcohol use disorders | Medicines for alcohol use disorders | 1 | Disorders due to use of alcohol | 1 | N07BB04 | Parenteral > General injections > IM: 380 mg in vial (extended-release) Oral > Solid > tablet: 50 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/909 | |
| naproxen | 2025 | Medicines for acute migraine attacks | Medicines for acute migraine attacks | 1 | Migraine | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/977 | |||
| natamycin | 2017 | Ophthalmological preparations > Anti-infective agents | Ophthalmological preparations > Anti-infective agents | 1 | Infectious keratitis | 1 | S01AA10 | Local > Ophthalmological > Suspension: 5% eye drops | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/230 | |
| neostigmine | 1977 | Muscle relaxants (peripherally-acting) and cholinesterase inhibitors | Muscle relaxants (peripherally-acting) and cholinesterase inhibitors; Medicines for myasthenia gravis | 2 | Anticholinesterase reversible; Myasthenia gravis | 2 | N07AA01 | Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 0.5 mg per mL in 1 mL ampoule (neostigmine metilsulfate); 2.5 mg per mL in 1 mL ampoule (neostigmine metilsulfate) Oral > Solid > tablet: 15 mg (neostigmine bromide) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/223 | |
| netilmicin | 2021 | Ophthalmological preparations > Anti-infective agents | Ophthalmological preparations > Anti-infective agents | 1 | Other specified conjunctivitis; Infectious blepharitis | 2 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/653 | |||
| nevirapine | 1999 | Antiretrovirals > Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors | Antiretrovirals > Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors | 1 | Human immunodeficiency virus disease without mention of tuberculosis or malaria, clinical stage unspecified | 1 | J05AG01 | Oral > Liquid: 50 mg per 5 mL Oral > Solid > dispersible tablet: 50 mg Oral > Solid > tablet: 200 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/451 | |
| niclosamide | 1977 | Intestinal anthelminthics | Intestinal anthelminthics | 1 | Hymenolepiasis; Diphyllobothriasis; Taeniasis due to Taenia saginata; Taeniasis due to Taenia solium | 4 | P02DA01 | Oral > Solid: 500 mg tablet (chewable) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/61 | |
| nicotinamide | 1979 | Vitamins and minerals | Vitamins and minerals | 1 | Pellagra | 1 | A11HA01 | Oral > Solid: 50 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/264 | |
| nicotine replacement therapy | 2009 | Medicines for nicotine use disorders | Medicines for nicotine use disorders | 1 | Nicotine dependence | 1 | N07BA01 | Local > Topical > Transdermal patch: 5 to 30 mg per 16 hour; 7 to 21 mg per 24 hour Oral > Solid > lozenge: 2 mg; 4 mg lozenge Local > Buccal > Oral spray: 1 mg per actuation Local > Buccal > Chewing gum: 2 mg; 4 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/530 | |
| nifedipine | 1987 | Antioxytocics (tocolytics) | Antioxytocics (tocolytics) | 1 | Preterm labour without delivery | 1 | C08CA05 | Oral > Solid: 10 mg (immediate-release) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/243 | |
| nifurtimox | 1977 | American trypanosomiasis | American trypanosomiasis; Medicines for the treatment of 2nd stage African trypanosomiasis | 2 | Chagas disease; Gambiense trypanosomiasis | 2 | P01CC01 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 30 mg (scored); 120 mg (scored) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/390 | |
| nilotinib | 2017 | Targeted therapies | Targeted therapies | 1 | Chronic myelogenous leukaemia, BCR-ABL1-positive | 1 | L01EA03 | Oral > Solid > capsule: 150 mg; 200 mg | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/100 | |
| nilutamide | 2021 | Hormones and antihormones | Hormones and antihormones | 1 | Malignant neoplasms of prostate | 1 | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/641 | |||
| nitrofurantoin | 1979 | Access group antibiotics | Access group antibiotics | 1 | Infectious cystitis | 1 | J01XE01 | Oral > Liquid: 25 mg per 5 mL oral liquid Oral > Solid > dosage form: 100 mg; 50 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/301 | |
| nitrous oxide | 1977 | General anaesthetics and oxygen > Inhalational medicines | General anaesthetics and oxygen > Inhalational medicines | 1 | Anaesthetics and therapeutic gases | 1 | N01AX13 | Respiratory > Inhalation: | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/3 | |
| nivolumab | 2019 | Immunomodulators | Immunomodulators | 1 | Melanoma of skin | 1 | L01FF01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 10 mg per mL concentrate solution for infusion Parenteral > General injections > IV: 10 mg per mL in 4 mL vial concentrate solution for infusion; 10 mg per mL in 10 mL vial concentrate solution for infusion; 10 mg per mL in 12 mL vial concentrate solution for infusion; 10 mg per mL in 24 mL vial concentrate solution for infusion Parenteral > General injections > IV: 10 mg per mL in 24 mL vial concentrate solution for infusion; 10 mg per mL in 4 mL vial concentrate solution for infusion; 10 mg per mL in 10 mL vial concentrate solution for infusion; 10 mg per mL in 12 mL vial concentrate solution for infusion | true | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/566 | |
| norethisterone | 1977 | Progestogens | Progestogens | 1 | Excessive menstruation with irregular cycle | 1 | Oral > Solid: 5 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/420 | ||
| norethisterone enantate | 1984 | Injectable hormonal contraceptives | Injectable hormonal contraceptives | 1 | Contact with health services for reasons associated with reproduction | 1 | G03AC01 | Parenteral > General injections > IM: 200 mg per mL in 1 mL ampoule oily solution | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/190 | |
| normal immunoglobulin | 1977 | Human immunoglobulins | Human immunoglobulins; Medicines for Guillain-Barré syndrome | 2 | Primary immunodeficiencies; Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome; Langerhans cell histiocytosis; Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy | 4 | J06BA02 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 5% protein solution; 10% protein solution Parenteral > General injections > IM: 16% protein solution Parenteral > General injections > SC: 15% protein solution; 16% protein solution; Parenteral > General injections > IV: 5% protein solution; 10% protein solution | true | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/465 | |
| nystatin | 1979 | Antifungal medicines | Antifungal medicines | 1 | Candidosis | 1 | A07AA02 | Oral > Liquid: 100000 IU per mL Local > Topical > Other: 100000 IU pessary Oral > Solid > dosage form: 500000 IU Oral > Solid > lozenge: 100000 IU | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/362 | |
| octreotide | 2023 | Medicines for disorders of the pituitary hormone system | Medicines for disorders of the pituitary hormone system | 1 | Acromegaly or pituitary gigantism | 1 | H01CB02 | Parenteral > General injections > IM: 20 mg in vial (modified-release, as acetate) plus diluent Parenteral > General injections > SC: 0.05 mg per mL in 1 mL vial (immediate-release, as acetate); 0.1 mg per mL in 1 mL vial (immediate-release, as acetate); 0.5 mg per mL in 1 mL vial (immediate-release, as acetate) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/913 | |
| ofloxacin | 1999 | Ear, nose and throat medicines [c] | Ear, nose and throat medicines [c]; Ophthalmological preparations > Anti-infective agents | 2 | Infectious diseases of external ear; Other specified conjunctivitis; Infectious keratitis | 3 | S01AE01 | Local > Ophthalmological > Solution (eye drops): 0.3% | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/231 | |
| olanzapine | 2023 | Medicines for psychotic disorders | Medicines for psychotic disorders | 1 | Schizophrenia or other primary psychotic disorders | 1 | N05AH03 | Parenteral > General injections > IM: 10 mg in vial powder for injection | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/918 | |
| omeprazole | 2009 | Antiulcer medicines | Antiulcer medicines | 1 | Gastrointestinal bleeding; Peptic ulcer, site unspecified; Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease | 3 | A02BC01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 40 mg in vial Oral > Liquid: 1 mg per mL powder for oral liquid; 4 mg per mL powder for oral liquid Oral > Solid > dosage form: 10 mg; 20 mg; 40 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/178 | |
| ondansetron | 2009 | Medicines for other common symptoms in palliative care | Medicines for other common symptoms in palliative care; Antiemetic medicines | 2 | Palliative care; Nausea or vomiting | 2 | A04AA01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 2 mg per mL in 2 mL ampoule (as hydrochloride dihydrate); 2 mg per mL in 4 mL ampoule (as hydrochloride dihydrate) Oral > Liquid: 4 mg per 5 mL (as hydrochloride dihydrate) Oral > Solid: 4 mg (as hydrochloride dihydrate); 8 mg (as hydrochloride dihydrate); Parenteral > General injections > IV: 2 mg per mL in 2 mL ampoule (as hydrochloride dihydrate); 2 mg per mL in 4 mL ampoule Oral > Liquid: 4 mg per 5 mL (as hydrochloride dihydrate) Oral > Solid > dosage form: 4 mg (as hydrochloride dihydrate); 8 mg (as hydrochloride dihydrate); 24 mg (as hydrochloride dihydrate) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/30 | |
| oral rehydration salts | 1977 | Solutions correcting water, electrolyte and acid-base disturbances > Oral | Solutions correcting water, electrolyte and acid-base disturbances > Oral; Oral rehydration | 2 | Other specified disorders of fluid, electrolyte or acid-base balance; Diarrhoea | 2 | A07CA | Powder for dilution in 200 mL, 500 mL, 1 L: - glucose 75 mEq or mmol/L - sodium 75 mEq or mmol/L - chloride 65 mEq or mmol/L - potassium 20 mEq or mmol/L - citrate 10 mEq or mmol/L - osmolarity 245 mOsm/L - glucose 13.5 g/L - sodium chloride 2.6 g/L - potassium chloride 1.5 g/L - trisodium citrate dihydrate 2.9 g/L | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/540 | |
| oral rehydration salts - zinc sulfate | 2019 | Medicines used in diarrhoea | Medicines used in diarrhoea | 1 | Diarrhoea | 1 | A07CA | Oral > Other: ORS powder for dilution and zinc sulfate dispersible tablet 20 mg (co-packaged) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/541 | |
| oseltamivir | 2011 | Other antivirals | Other antivirals | 1 | Influenza due to identified seasonal influenza virus | 1 | J05AH02 | Oral > Liquid: 6 mg per mL (as phosphate) powder for oral liquid Oral > Solid: 30 mg capsule (as phosphate); 45 mg capsule (as phosphate); 75 mg capsule (as phosphate) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/291 | |
| oxacillin | 2023 | Access group antibiotics | Access group antibiotics | 1 | Bacterial infection of joint; Osteomyelitis or osteitis; Bacterial cellulitis, erysipelas or lymphangitis; Sepsis without septic shock | 4 | J01CF02 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/756 | ||
| oxaliplatin | 2015 | Cytotoxic medicines | Cytotoxic medicines | 1 | Malignant neoplasm metastasis in large intestine; Malignant neoplasms of colon | 2 | L01XA03 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 50 mg in vial powder for injection; 100 mg in vial powder for injection; 50 mg per 10 mL in 10 mL vial; 100 mg per 20 mL in 20 mL vial; 200 mg per 40 mL in 40 mL vial | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/101 | |
| oxamniquine | 1977 | Antischistosomals and other antitrematode medicines | Antischistosomals and other antitrematode medicines | 1 | Schistosomiasis due to Schistosoma mansoni | 1 | P02BA02 | Oral > Liquid: 250 mg per 5 mL Oral > Solid > capsule: 250 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/66 | |
| oxycodone | 2025 | Opioid analgesics | Opioid analgesics | 1 | Pain | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/559 | |||
| oxygen | 1979 | General anaesthetics and oxygen > Inhalational medicines | General anaesthetics and oxygen > Inhalational medicines; Medical gases | 2 | Anaesthetics and therapeutic gases; Respiratory failure as acute or chronic | 2 | V03AN01 | Respiratory > Inhalation: (medical gas); Respiratory > Inhalation: | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/4 | |
| oxytetracycline | 2021 | Ophthalmological preparations > Anti-infective agents | Ophthalmological preparations > Anti-infective agents | 1 | Other specified conjunctivitis; Infectious keratitis; Infectious blepharitis; Trachoma | 4 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/656 | |||
| oxytocin | 1977 | Uterotonics | Uterotonics | 1 | Postpartum haemorrhage | 1 | H01BB02 | Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 10 IU per mL | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/241 | |
| p-aminosalicylate sodium | 2023 | Antituberculosis medicines | Antituberculosis medicines | 1 | Multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis | 1 | J04AA01 | Oral > Liquid: 5.52 g in sachet (equivalent to 4 g p-aminosalicylic acid) powder for oral solution | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/904 | |
| paclitaxel | 2011 | Cytotoxic medicines | Cytotoxic medicines | 1 | Malignant neoplasms of cervix uteri; Kaposi sarcoma of unspecified primary site; Other specified malignant neoplasms of the ovary; Malignant neoplasms of nasopharynx; Other specified carcinomas of ovary; Other specified malignant neoplasms of bronchus or lung; Other specified malignant neoplasms of breast; Malignant neoplasms of breast | 8 | L01CD01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 6 mg per mL | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/102 | |
| paliperidone | 2021 | Medicines for psychotic disorders | Medicines for psychotic disorders | 1 | Schizophrenia or other primary psychotic disorders | 1 | N05AX13 | Parenteral > General injections > IM: 25 mg in pre-filled syringe (as palmitate); 50 mg in pre-filled syringe (as palmitate); 75 mg in pre-filled syringe (as palmitate); 100 mg in pre-filled syringe (as palmitate); 150 mg in pre-filled syringe (as palmitate) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/623 | |
| palonosetron | 2025 | Medicines for other common symptoms in palliative care | Medicines for other common symptoms in palliative care; Antiemetic medicines | 2 | Palliative care; Nausea or vomiting | 2 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/631 | |||
| pancreatic enzymes | 2009 | Gastrointestinal medicines | Gastrointestinal medicines; Medicines for cystic fibrosis | 2 | Enzyme intestinal; Cystic fibrosis | 2 | A09AA02 | Capsule (modified release): 10 000 lipase units + 8000 amylase units + 600 protease units; 25 000 lipase units + 18 000 amylase units + 1000 protease units. *Units expressed in Ph. Eur | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/514 | |
| paracetamol (acetaminophen) | 1977 | Medicines for acute migraine attacks | Medicines for acute migraine attacks; Non-opioids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIMs) | 2 | Migraine; Pain | 2 | N02BE01 | Oral > Liquid: 125 mg per 5 mL; 120 mg per 5 mL; 250 mg per 5 mL Local > Rectal > Suppository: 250 mg Oral > Solid > dispersible tablet: 100 mg; 250 mg Oral > Solid > tablet: 250 mg; 325 mg; 500 mg; Oral > Liquid: 125 mg per 5 mL; 120 mg per 5 mL; 250 mg per 5 mL Local > Rectal > Suppository: 100 mg; 250 mg Oral > Solid > dispersible tablet: 100 mg; 250 mg Oral > Solid > tablet: 250 mg; 325 mg; 500 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/15 | |
| paromomycin | 1977 | Antileishmaniasis medicines | Antileishmaniasis medicines | 1 | Visceral leishmaniasis | 1 | A07AA06 | Parenteral > General injections > IM: 750 mg paromomycin base (as sulfate) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/368 | |
| paroxetine | 2023 | Medicines for anxiety disorders | Medicines for anxiety disorders | 1 | Generalised anxiety disorder | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/662 | |||
| pegaspargase | 2019 | Cytotoxic medicines | Cytotoxic medicines | 1 | Lymphoid leukaemia, not elsewhere classified | 1 | L01XX24 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 3750 units per 5 mL in vial; 3750 units in vial powder for injection | true | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/558 | |
| pegfilgrastim | 2023 | Immunomodulators | Immunomodulators | 1 | Acquired neutropaenia | 1 | L03AA13 | Parenteral > General injections > SC: 6 mg per 0.6 mL in pre-filled syringe | true | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/907 | |
| pembrolizumab | 2025 | Immunomodulators | Immunomodulators | 1 | Melanoma of skin; Other specified malignant neoplasms of large intestine; Malignant neoplasms of cervix uteri; Other specified malignant neoplasms of bronchus or lung | 4 | L01FF02 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 25 mg per mL in 4 mL vial Parenteral > General injections > IV: 25 mg per mL in 4 mL vial concentrate for solution for infusion Parenteral > General injections > IV: 25 mg per mL in 4 mL vial powder for injection | true | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/565 | |
| penicillamine | 1979 | Antidotes and other substances used in poisonings > Specific | Antidotes and other substances used in poisonings > Specific; Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) | 2 | Harmful effects of or exposure to noxious substances, chiefly nonmedicinal as to source, not elsewhere classified; Rheumatoid arthritis, serology unspecified | 2 | M01CC01 | Oral > Solid: 250 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/42 | |
| pentamidine | 1977 | Medicines for the treatment of 1st stage African trypanosomiasis | Medicines for the treatment of 1st stage African trypanosomiasis; Antipneumocystosis and antitoxoplasmosis medicines | 2 | Gambiense trypanosomiasis; Pneumocystosis | 2 | P01CX01 | Parenteral > General injections > IM: 300 mg in vial (as isetionate) powder for injection; Oral > Solid > tablet: 200 mg (as isethionate); 300 mg (as isethionate) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/386 | |
| perindopril + amlodipine + indapamide | 2025 | Antihypertensive medicines | Antihypertensive medicines | 1 | Essential hypertension | 1 | C09BX01 | Oral > Solid > dosage form: 5 mg (arginine) + 5 mg + 1.25 mg; 5 mg (arginine) + 10 mg + 1.25 mg; 10 mg (arginine) + 5 mg + 2.5 mg; 10 mg (arginine) + 10 mg + 2.5 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/961 | |
| permethrin | 1989 | Dermatological medicines > Scabicides and pediculicides | Dermatological medicines > Scabicides and pediculicides | 1 | Pediculosis corporis; Pediculosis capitis; Scabies | 3 | P03AC04 | Local > Topical > Lotion: 1% Local > Topical > Cream: 5% | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/163 | |
| pertussis vaccine | 1999 | Immunologicals > Vaccines | Immunologicals > Vaccines | 1 | Need for immunization against pertussis alone | 1 | J07AJ02 | All vaccines should comply with the WHO requirements for biological substances. | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/210 | |
| phenobarbital | 1977 | Antiseizure medicines | Antiseizure medicines | 1 | Status epilepticus; Epilepsy or seizures | 2 | N03AA02 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 200 mg per mL (phenobarbital sodium); 30 mg per mL (phenobarbital sodium); 60 mg per mL (phenobarbital sodium) Oral > Liquid: 15 mg per 5 mL Oral > Solid > tablet: 15 mg; 30 mg; 60 mg; 100 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/53 | |
| phenoxymethylpenicillin | 1977 | Access group antibiotics | Access group antibiotics | 1 | Bacterial pneumonia (Community-acquired pneumonia - mild to moderate); Periapical abscess without sinus; Acute pharyngitis | 3 | J01CE02 | Oral > Liquid: 250 mg per 5 mL (as potassium salt) powder for oral liquid Oral > Solid: 250 mg (as potassium salt); 500 mg (as potassium salt) Oral > Solid: 250 mg (as potassium salt) tablet | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/308 | |
| phenytoin | 1977 | Antiseizure medicines | Antiseizure medicines | 1 | Epilepsy or seizures | 1 | N03AB02 | Oral > Liquid: 30 mg per 5 mL (phenytoin) Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 50 mg per mL in vial (phenytoin sodium) Oral > Solid > tablet: 50 mg (phenytoin) (chewable) Oral > Solid > dosage form: 25 mg (phenytoin sodium); 50 mg (phenytoin sodium); 100 mg (phenytoin sodium) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/54 | |
| phytomenadione | 1977 | Medicines affecting coagulation | Medicines affecting coagulation | 1 | Haemorrhagic disorder due to circulating anticoagulants or coagulation factors inhibitors; Haemorrhagic or haematological disorders of fetus or newborn | 2 | B02BA01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 10 mg per mL in ampoule; 1 mg per mL in ampoule; 2 mg per 0.2 mL in ampoule mixed micelle solution; 10 mg per mL in ampoule mixed micelle solution; 1 mg per 0.5 mL in ampoule Oral > Solid > tablet: 5 mg tablet | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/125 | |
| pilocarpine | 1977 | Ophthalmological preparations > Miotics and antiglaucoma medicines | Ophthalmological preparations > Miotics and antiglaucoma medicines | 1 | Acute angle closure with pupillary block; Ocular hypertension; Primary open-angle glaucoma | 3 | S01EB01 | Local > Ophthalmological > Solution (eye drops): 2% (hydrochloride or nitrate); 4% (hydrochloride or nitrate) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/236 | |
| piperacillin + tazobactam | 2017 | Watch group antibiotics | Watch group antibiotics | 1 | Other specified pneumonia (Hospital-acquired pneumonia); Necrotising fasciitis; Neutropaenia (high-risk); Peritoneal abscess (severe); Peritonitis (severe) | 5 | J01CR05 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 2 g (as sodium salt) + 250 mg (as sodium salt) powder for injection; 4 g (as sodium salt) + 500 mg (as sodium salt) powder for injection | clindamycin | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/320 |
| platelets | 2013 | Blood and blood components | Blood and blood components | 1 | Blood transfusion without reported diagnosis | 1 | B05AX02 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/456 | |
| plazomicin | 2019 | Reserve group antibiotics | Reserve group antibiotics | 1 | Carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii; Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Other carbapenem resistant Enterobacterales; Carbapenem resistant Escherichia coli; Carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae | 5 | J01GB14 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 500 mg per 10 mL | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/397 | |
| pneumococcal vaccine | 2007 | Immunologicals > Vaccines | Immunologicals > Vaccines | 1 | Need for immunization against single bacterial diseases | 1 | J07AL01 | All vaccines should comply with the WHO requirements for biological substances. | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/211 | |
| podophyllotoxin | 2021 | Dermatological medicines > Medicines affecting skin differentiation and proliferation | Dermatological medicines > Medicines affecting skin differentiation and proliferation | 1 | Plantar warts; Anogenital warts | 2 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/520 | |||
| podophyllum resin | 1984 | Dermatological medicines > Medicines affecting skin differentiation and proliferation | Dermatological medicines > Medicines affecting skin differentiation and proliferation | 1 | Plantar warts; Anogenital warts | 2 | D06BB04 | Local > Topical > Solution: 10 to 25% | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/159 | |
| poliomyelitis vaccine | 1977 | Immunologicals > Vaccines | Immunologicals > Vaccines | 1 | Need for immunization against poliomyelitis | 1 | J07BF01, J07BF02, J07BF03, J07BF04 | All vaccines should comply with the WHO requirements for biological substances. | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/212 | |
| polygeline | 1989 | Plasma substitutes | Plasma substitutes | 1 | Hypovolaemia | 1 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 3.5% injectable solution Parenteral > General injections > IV: 3.5% in solution | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/471 | ||
| polymyxin B (injection) | 2019 | Reserve group antibiotics | Reserve group antibiotics | 1 | Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii; Other carbapenem resistant Enterobacterales; Carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae; Carbapenem resistant Escherichia coli | 5 | J01XB02 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 500000 IU in vial powder for injection (equivalent to 50 mg polymyxin B base) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/561 | |
| porcatant alfa | 2009 | Medicines administered to the neonate [c] | Medicines administered to the neonate [c] | 1 | Respiratory distress syndrome of newborn | 1 | R07AA02 | Respiratory > Suspension: 80 mg per mL for intratracheal instillation | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/989 | |
| potassium chloride | 1977 | Solutions correcting water, electrolyte and acid-base disturbances > Parenteral | Solutions correcting water, electrolyte and acid-base disturbances > Parenteral; Solutions correcting water, electrolyte and acid-base disturbances > Oral | 2 | Hypokalaemia | 1 | B05XA01, A12BA01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 11.2% in 20 mL ampoule (equivalent to K+ 1.5 mmol/mL and Cl- 1.5 mmol/mL); 7.5% solution for dilution (equivalent to K+ 1 mmol/mL and Cl- 2 mmol/mL); 15% solution for dilution (equivalent to K+ 2 mmol/mL and Cl- 2 mmol/mL); Oral > Liquid: powder for solution | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/255 | |
| potassium ferric hexacyanoferrate (Prussian blue) | 1989 | Antidotes and other substances used in poisonings > Specific | Antidotes and other substances used in poisonings > Specific | 1 | Harmful effects of or exposure to noxious substances, chiefly nonmedicinal as to source, not elsewhere classified | 1 | V03AB31 | Oral > Solid: Powder for oral administration | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/43 | |
| potassium iodide | 1977 | Thyroid hormones and antithyroid medicines | Thyroid hormones and antithyroid medicines; Antifungal medicines | 2 | Thyrotoxicosis; Sporotrichosis | 2 | V03AB21, D08AG03 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 65 mg (scored); Local > Topical > Solution: Saturated solution | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/200 | |
| potassium permanganate | 1995 | Dermatological medicines > Anti-infective medicines | Dermatological medicines > Anti-infective medicines | 1 | Tropical phagedaenic ulcer; Pemphigus; Other specified pyogenic bacterial infection of skin or subcutaneous tissue; Impetigo | 4 | D08AX06 | Local > Topical > Solution: aqueous solution: 1:10 000 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/153 | |
| povidone iodine | 1993 | Antiseptics | Antiseptics | 1 | Povidone iodine | 1 | D08AG02 | Local > Topical > Solution: 10% (equivalent to 1% available iodine) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/172 | |
| pravastatin | 2021 | Lipid-lowering agents | Lipid-lowering agents | 1 | Mixed hyperlipidaemia; Coronary atherosclerosis | 2 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/526 | |||
| praziquantel | 1979 | Cysticidal medicines | Cysticidal medicines; Antischistosomals and other antitrematode medicines; Intestinal anthelminthics | 3 | Cysticercosis of central nervous system; Paragonimiasis; Clonorchiasis; Opisthorchiasis; Schistosomiasis; Diphyllobothriasis; Taeniasis due to Taenia saginata; Hymenolepiasis; Taeniasis due to Taenia solium | 9 | P02BA01 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 600 mg (scored); 500 mg; 150 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/62 | |
| precipitated sulfur | 2021 | Dermatological medicines > Scabicides and pediculicides | Dermatological medicines > Scabicides and pediculicides | 1 | Pediculosis corporis; Pediculosis capitis; Pthiriasis; Scabies | 4 | Local > Topical > Ointment: | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/650 | ||
| prednisolone | 1984 | Anti-inflammatory medicines | Anti-inflammatory medicines; Hormones and antihormones; Antiallergics and medicines used in anaphylaxis; Ophthalmological preparations > Anti-inflammatory agents; Adrenal hormones and synthetic substitutes; Medicines for cluster headache; Antiseizure medicines | 7 | Crohn disease site; Ulcerative colitis; Lymphoid leukaemia, not elsewhere classified; Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified; Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia or small lymphocytic lymphoma; Plasma cell myeloma; Burkitt lymphoma including Burkitt leukaemia; Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK-negative; Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK-positive; Langerhans cell histiocytosis; Hodgkin lymphoma; Malignant neoplasms of prostate; Follicular lymphoma; Allergic or hypersensitivity conditions of unspecified type; Scleritis; Anterior uveitis; Adrenocortical insufficiency; Trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias; Infantile spasms | 19 | A07EA01, H02AB06, S01BA04 | Local > Rectal > Retention enema: Local > Rectal > Retention enema: 20 mg per 100 mL (as sodium phosphate); Oral > Liquid: 5 mg per mL Oral > Solid: 5 mg; 25 mg; Local > Ophthalmological > Solution (eye drops): 0.5% (sodium phosphate); Oral > Solid > tablet: 1 mg; Oral > Solid > tablet: 5 mg; 25 mg; Oral > Liquid: 1 mg per mL Oral > Solid > tablet: 1 mg; 5 mg; 10 mg | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/35 | |
| prednisone | 2021 | Hormones and antihormones | Hormones and antihormones; Antiallergics and medicines used in anaphylaxis; Adrenal hormones and synthetic substitutes | 3 | Lymphoid leukaemia, not elsewhere classified; Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified; Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia or small lymphocytic lymphoma; Plasma cell myeloma; Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK-negative; Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK-positive; Langerhans cell histiocytosis; Hodgkin lymphoma; Malignant neoplasms of prostate; Follicular lymphoma; Allergic or hypersensitivity conditions of unspecified type; Adrenocortical insufficiency | 12 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 1 mg | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/635 | ||
| pretomanid | 2023 | Antituberculosis medicines | Antituberculosis medicines | 1 | Multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis | 1 | J04AK08 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 200 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/919 | |
| primaquine | 1977 | Antimalarial medicines > Medicines for curative treatment | Antimalarial medicines > Medicines for curative treatment | 1 | Malaria due to Plasmodium ovale; Malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum; Malaria due to Plasmodium vivax | 3 | P01BA03 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 7.5 mg (as phosphate); 15 mg (as phosphate) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/380 | |
| procaine benzylpenicillin | 2017 | Access group antibiotics | Access group antibiotics | 1 | Congenital syphilis [children]; Syphilis | 2 | J01CE09 | Parenteral > General injections > IM: 1 g in vial (=1 million IU) powder for injection; 3 g in vial (=3 million IU) powder for injection | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/319 | |
| procarbazine | 1979 | Cytotoxic medicines | Cytotoxic medicines | 1 | Hodgkin lymphoma | 1 | L01XB01 | Oral > Solid: 50 mg (as hydrochloride) Oral > Solid > capsule: 50 mg (as hydrochloride) | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/103 | |
| progesterone vaginal ring | 2015 | Intravaginal contraceptives | Intravaginal contraceptives | 1 | Contact with health services for contraceptive management | 1 | G03DA04 | Local > Vaginal > vaginal ring: 2.074 g micronized progesterone | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/193 | |
| propanol | 2021 | Antiseptics | Antiseptics | 1 | Denatured alcohol | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/524 | |||
| propofol | 2011 | General anaesthetics and oxygen > Injectable medicines | General anaesthetics and oxygen > Injectable medicines | 1 | Anaesthetics and therapeutic gases | 1 | N01AX10 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 10 mg per mL; 20 mg per mL | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/6 | |
| propranolol | 1977 | Medicines for migraine prophylaxis | Medicines for migraine prophylaxis | 1 | Migraine | 1 | C07AA05 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 40 mg (hydrochloride); 10 mg (hydrochloride) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/392 | |
| propylthiouracil | 1977 | Thyroid hormones and antithyroid medicines | Thyroid hormones and antithyroid medicines | 1 | Thyrotoxicosis | 1 | H03BA02 | Oral > Solid: 50 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/201 | |
| protamine sulfate | 1977 | Medicines affecting coagulation | Medicines affecting coagulation | 1 | Haemorrhagic disorder due to circulating anticoagulants or coagulation factors inhibitors | 1 | V03AB14 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 10 mg per mL in 5 mL ampoule or vial | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/126 | |
| protionamide | 2025 | Antituberculosis medicines | Antituberculosis medicines | 1 | Multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis | 1 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 250 mg (scored) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/637 | ||
| pyrantel | 1982 | Intestinal anthelminthics | Intestinal anthelminthics | 1 | Hookworm diseases; Trichuriasis; Ascariasis; Enterobiasis | 4 | P02CC01 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 250 mg (chewable) (as embonate or pamoate) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/63 | |
| pyrazinamide | 1982 | Antituberculosis medicines | Antituberculosis medicines | 1 | Tuberculosis | 1 | J04AK01 | Oral > Solid > dispersible tablet: 150 mg Oral > Solid > tablet: 400 mg; 500 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/331 | |
| pyridostigmine | 1977 | Medicines for myasthenia gravis | Medicines for myasthenia gravis; Muscle relaxants (peripherally-acting) and cholinesterase inhibitors | 2 | Myasthenia gravis | 1 | N07AA02 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 5 mg per mL in ampoule or vial (pyridostigmine bromide) Oral > Solid > tablet: 60 mg scored (pyridostigmine bromide) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/204 | |
| pyridoxine | 1977 | Vitamins and minerals | Vitamins and minerals | 1 | Other specified polyneuropathy; Vitamin B6 deficiency; Sideroblastic anaemia | 3 | A11HA02 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 25 mg (hydrochloride); 10 mg (hydrochloride) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/265 | |
| pyrimethamine | 1997 | Antipneumocystosis and antitoxoplasmosis medicines | Antipneumocystosis and antitoxoplasmosis medicines | 1 | Toxoplasmosis | 1 | P01BD01 | Oral > Solid: 25 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/384 | |
| quetiapine | 2023 | Medicines for psychotic disorders | Medicines for psychotic disorders; Medicines for bipolar disorders | 2 | Schizophrenia or other primary psychotic disorders; Bipolar or related disorders | 2 | N05AH04 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 25 mg (immediate-release); 100 mg (immediate-release); 150 mg (immediate-release); 200 mg (immediate-release); 300 mg (immediate-release); 50 mg (modified-release); 150 mg (modified-release); 200 mg (modified-release); 300 mg (modified-release); 400 mg (modified-release) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/920 | |
| quinine | 1977 | Antimalarial medicines > Medicines for curative treatment | Antimalarial medicines > Medicines for curative treatment | 1 | Malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum | 1 | P01BC01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 300 mg per mL in 2 mL ampoule (hydrochloride) solution for infusion; 60 mg per mL in 2 mL ampoule (hydrochloride) solution for infusion | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/381 | |
| rabies vaccine | 1977 | Immunologicals > Vaccines | Immunologicals > Vaccines | 1 | Need for immunization against rabies | 1 | J07BG01 | All vaccines should comply with the WHO requirements for biological substances. | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/218 | |
| raltegravir | 2017 | Antiretrovirals > Integrase inhibitors | Antiretrovirals > Integrase inhibitors | 1 | Human immunodeficiency virus disease without mention of tuberculosis or malaria, clinical stage unspecified | 1 | J05AJ01 | Oral > Liquid: 100 mg granules for oral suspension Oral > Solid: 400 mg tablet; 25 mg tablet (chewable) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/289 | |
| ranitidine | 2003 | Antiulcer medicines | Antiulcer medicines | 1 | Peptic ulcer, site unspecified; Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease | 2 | A02BA02 | Oral > Liquid: 75 mg per 5 mL (as hydrochloride) Oral > Solid: 150 mg (as hydrochloride) Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 25 mg per mL in 2 mL ampoule (as hydrochloride) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/179 | |
| rasburicase | 2021 | Supportive medicines | Supportive medicines | 1 | Tumour lysis syndrome | 1 | V03AF07 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 1.5 mg in vial powder and 1 mL solvent for solution; 7.5 mg in vial powder and 5 mL solvent for solution | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/625 | |
| ravidasvir | 2023 | Medicines for hepatitis C > Pangenotypic direct-acting antiviral combinations | Medicines for hepatitis C > Pangenotypic direct-acting antiviral combinations | 1 | Chronic hepatitis C | 1 | J05AP13 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 200 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/899 | |
| ready to use therapeutic food | 2023 | Therapeutic foods | Therapeutic foods | 1 | Acute malnutrition in infants, children or adolescents | 1 | Biscuit or paste of nutritional composition as determined by the UN joint statement on the community-based management of severe acute malnutrition and Codex alimentarius guidelines. | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/586 | ||
| realgar-indigo naturalis formulation | 2019 | Cytotoxic medicines | Cytotoxic medicines | 1 | Acute myeloid leukaemia with recurrent genetic abnormalities | 1 | Oral > Solid: 270 mg (containing tetra-arsenic tetra-sulfide 30 mg) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/555 | ||
| red blood cells | 2013 | Blood and blood components | Blood and blood components | 1 | Blood transfusion without reported diagnosis | 1 | B05AX01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/457 | |
| resin-based composite (high-viscosity) | 2023 | Dental medicines and preparations | Dental medicines and preparations | 1 | Dental caries | 1 | Local > Topical > Other: Single-use capsule or multi-use syringe | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/923 | ||
| resin-based composite (low-viscosity) | 2023 | Dental medicines and preparations | Dental medicines and preparations | 1 | Dental caries | 1 | Local > Topical > Other: Single-use applicator or multi-use bottle | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/922 | ||
| respiratory syncytial virus vaccine | 2025 | Immunologicals > Vaccines | Immunologicals > Vaccines | 1 | Need for immunization against certain single viral diseases | 1 | J07BX05 | All vaccines should comply with the WHO requirements for biological substances. | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/970 | |
| retinol | 1977 | Vitamins and minerals | Vitamins and minerals | 1 | Vitamin A deficiency | 1 | A11CA01 | Parenteral > General injections > IM: 50000 IU per mL in 2 mL ampoule or vial water-miscible (as palmitate) Oral > Liquid: 100000 IU per mL (as palmitate or acetate) Oral > Solid > capsule: 200000 IU (as palmitate or acetate) soft capsule; 50000 IU (as palmitate); 100000 IU (as palmitate or acetate) soft capsule | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/266 | |
| ribavirin | 2007 | Medicines for hepatitis C > Other antivirals for hepatitis C | Medicines for hepatitis C > Other antivirals for hepatitis C | 1 | Chronic hepatitis C | 1 | J05AP01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 1000 mg per 10 mL phosphate buffer solution; 800 mg per 10 mL phosphate buffer solution Oral > Solid: 200 mg; 400 mg; 600 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/473 | |
| riboflavin | 1979 | Vitamins and minerals | Vitamins and minerals | 1 | Vitamin B2 deficiency | 1 | A11HA04 | Oral > Solid: 5 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/267 | |
| rifabutin | 2009 | Antituberculosis medicines | Antituberculosis medicines | 1 | Tuberculosis | 1 | J04AB04 | Oral > Solid: 150 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/335 | |
| rifampicin | 1977 | Antituberculosis medicines | Antituberculosis medicines; Antileprosy medicines | 2 | Tuberculosis; Leprosy | 2 | J04AB02 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 600 mg in vial powder for injection Oral > Liquid: 20 mg per mL Oral > Solid: 150 mg; 300 mg; Oral > Liquid: 20 mg per mL Oral > Solid: 150 mg; 300 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/294 | |
| rifapentine | 2015 | Antituberculosis medicines | Antituberculosis medicines | 1 | Latent tuberculosis; Tuberculosis | 2 | J04AB05 | Oral > Solid > dispersible tablet: 150 mg Oral > Solid > tablet: 150 mg; 300 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/336 | |
| risperidone | 2013 | Medicines for psychotic disorders | Medicines for psychotic disorders | 1 | Schizophrenia or other primary psychotic disorders | 1 | N05AX08 | Oral > Solid: 0.25 mg; 0.5 mg; 1 mg; 2 mg; 3 mg; 4 mg; 6 mg Parenteral > General injections > IM: | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/246 | |
| ritonavir | 2002 | Antiretrovirals > Protease inhibitors | Antiretrovirals > Protease inhibitors | 1 | Human immunodeficiency virus disease without mention of tuberculosis or malaria, clinical stage unspecified | 1 | J05AE03 | Oral > Solid: 25 mg tablet (heat stable); 100 mg tablet (heat stable) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/461 | |
| rituximab | 2015 | Targeted therapies | Targeted therapies; Medicines for multiple sclerosis | 2 | Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified; Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia or small lymphocytic lymphoma; Burkitt lymphoma including Burkitt leukaemia; Follicular lymphoma; Multiple sclerosis | 5 | L01FA01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 100 mg per 10 mL in 10 mL vial; 500 mg per 50 mL in 50 mL vial; Parenteral > General injections > IV: 500 mg per 50 mL in 50 mL vial | true | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/104 | |
| rivaroxaban | 2019 | Medicines affecting coagulation | Medicines affecting coagulation | 1 | Other specified atrial fibrillation; Venous thromboembolism | 2 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/481 | |||
| rotavirus vaccine | 2007 | Immunologicals > Vaccines | Immunologicals > Vaccines | 1 | Need for immunization against certain single viral diseases | 1 | J07BH01, J07BH02 | All vaccines should comply with the WHO requirements for biological substances. | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/213 | |
| rubella vaccine | 1987 | Immunologicals > Vaccines | Immunologicals > Vaccines | 1 | Need for immunization against rubella alone | 1 | J07BJ01 | All vaccines should comply with the WHO requirements for biological substances. | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/214 | |
| salbutamol | 1977 | Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 1 | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Asthma | 2 | R03AC02 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 500 µg per mL in 1 mL ampoule (as sulfate); 500 µg per mL in 5 mL ampoule (as sulfate) Respiratory > Inhalation > solution: 100 µg per actuation in pressurized metered dose inhaler (as sulfate); 2.5 mg per 2.5 mL in 2.5 mL ampoule (as sulfate) for use in nebulizers; 5 mg per 2.5 mL in 2.5 mL ampoule (as sulfate) for use in nebulizers; 5 mg per mL in multi-dose bottle (as sulfate) for use in nebulizers | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/254 | |
| salicylic acid | 1979 | Dermatological medicines > Medicines affecting skin differentiation and proliferation | Dermatological medicines > Medicines affecting skin differentiation and proliferation | 1 | Seborrhoeic dermatitis; Psoriasis of unspecified type; Ichthyoses | 3 | D01AE12 | Local > Topical > Solution: 5% | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/160 | |
| selenium sulfide | 1989 | Dermatological medicines > Antifungal medicines | Dermatological medicines > Antifungal medicines | 1 | Seborrhoeic dermatitis; Pityriasis versicolor | 2 | D01AE13 | Local > Topical > Suspension: 2% detergent-based | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/150 | |
| semaglutide | 2025 | Hypoglycaemic agents | Hypoglycaemic agents | 1 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | 1 | A10BJ06 | Parenteral > General injections > SC: 0.25 mg in pre-filled pen injection solution; 0.5 mg in pre-filled pen injection solution; 1 mg in pre-filled pen injection solution; 2 mg in pre-filled pen injection solution; 4 mg in pre-filled pen injection solution Oral > Solid > tablet: 3 mg Parenteral > General injections > SC: 0.68 mg per mL; 1.34 mg per mL; 2.68 mg per mL | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/973 | |
| senna | 1977 | Medicines for other common symptoms in palliative care | Medicines for other common symptoms in palliative care; Laxatives | 2 | Palliative care; Constipation | 2 | A06AB06 | Oral > Liquid: 7.5 mg per 5 mL oral liquid; Oral > Solid: 7.5 mg (sennosides) (or traditional dosage forms) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/31 | |
| sertraline | 2023 | Medicines for anxiety disorders | Medicines for anxiety disorders | 1 | Generalised anxiety disorder | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/663 | |||
| sevoflurane | 2023 | General anaesthetics and oxygen > Inhalational medicines | General anaesthetics and oxygen > Inhalational medicines | 1 | Anaesthetics and therapeutic gases | 1 | N01AB08 | Respiratory > Inhalation > liquid: | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/897 | |
| silver diamine fluoride | 2021 | Dental medicines and preparations | Dental medicines and preparations | 1 | Dental caries | 1 | Local > Dental > Solution: 38% w/v | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/617 | ||
| silver sulfadiazine | 1987 | Dermatological medicines > Anti-infective medicines | Dermatological medicines > Anti-infective medicines | 1 | Burns | 1 | D06BA01 | Local > Topical > Cream: 1% | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/154 | |
| simvastatin | 2007 | Lipid-lowering agents | Lipid-lowering agents | 1 | Mixed hyperlipidaemia; Coronary atherosclerosis | 2 | C10AA01 | Oral > Solid: 5 mg; 10 mg; 20 mg; 40 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/148 | |
| sodium calcium edetate | 1979 | Antidotes and other substances used in poisonings > Specific | Antidotes and other substances used in poisonings > Specific | 1 | Harmful effects of or exposure to noxious substances, chiefly nonmedicinal as to source, not elsewhere classified | 1 | V03AB03 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 200 mg per mL in 5 mL ampoule | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/47 | |
| sodium chloride | 1977 | Solutions correcting water, electrolyte and acid-base disturbances > Parenteral | Solutions correcting water, electrolyte and acid-base disturbances > Parenteral | 1 | Other specified disorders of fluid, electrolyte or acid-base balance | 1 | B05XA03 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 0.9% isotonic (equivalent to Na+ 154 mmol/L and Cl- 154 mmol/L) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/258 | |
| sodium hydrogen carbonate | 1977 | Solutions correcting water, electrolyte and acid-base disturbances > Parenteral | Solutions correcting water, electrolyte and acid-base disturbances > Parenteral | 1 | Acidosis | 1 | B05XA02 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 1.4% isotonic (equivalent to Na+ 167 mmol/L and HCO3- 167 mmol/L); 8.4% in 10 mL ampoule (equivalent to Na+ 1000 mmol/L and HCO3- 1000 mmol/L) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/543 | |
| sodium nitrite | 1979 | Antidotes and other substances used in poisonings > Specific | Antidotes and other substances used in poisonings > Specific | 1 | Harmful effects of or exposure to noxious substances, chiefly nonmedicinal as to source, not elsewhere classified | 1 | V03AB08 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 30 mg per mL in 10 mL ampoule | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/44 | |
| sodium nitroprusside | 1979 | Antihypertensive medicines | Antihypertensive medicines | 1 | Hypertensive crisis | 1 | C02DD01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 50 mg in ampoule powder for infusion | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/142 | |
| sodium stibogluconate | 1977 | Antileishmaniasis medicines | Antileishmaniasis medicines | 1 | Visceral leishmaniasis; Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis; Cutaneous leishmaniasis | 3 | P01CB02 | Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 100 mg per mL in 30 mL vial | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/369 | |
| sodium thiosulfate | 1979 | Antidotes and other substances used in poisonings > Specific | Antidotes and other substances used in poisonings > Specific; Dermatological medicines > Antifungal medicines | 2 | Harmful effects of or exposure to noxious substances, chiefly nonmedicinal as to source, not elsewhere classified; Pityriasis versicolor | 2 | V03AB06 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 250 mg per mL in 50 mL ampoule; Local > Topical > Solution: 15% | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/45 | |
| sofosbuvir | 2015 | Medicines for hepatitis C > Pangenotypic direct-acting antiviral combinations | Medicines for hepatitis C > Pangenotypic direct-acting antiviral combinations | 1 | Chronic hepatitis C | 1 | J05AP08 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 200 mg; 400 mg Oral > Solid > granules: 200 mg in sachet | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/296 | |
| sofosbuvir + velpatasvir | 2017 | Medicines for hepatitis C > Pangenotypic direct-acting antiviral combinations | Medicines for hepatitis C > Pangenotypic direct-acting antiviral combinations | 1 | Chronic hepatitis C | 1 | J05AP55 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 200 mg + 50 mg; 400 mg + 100 mg Oral > Solid > granules: 150 mg + 37.5 mg in sachet; 200 mg + 50 mg in sachet | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/290 | |
| spectinomycin | 1982 | Access group antibiotics | Access group antibiotics | 1 | Gonococcal infection | 1 | J01XX04 | Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 2 g in vial (as hydrochloride) powder for injection | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/300 | |
| spironolactone | 1977 | Diuretics | Diuretics; Medicines used in heart failure | 2 | Oedema; Ascites; Heart failure | 3 | C03DA01 | Oral > Liquid: 25 mg per 5 mL Oral > Solid > tablet: 25 mg; 12.5 mg; Oral > Solid > tablet: 25 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/144 | |
| streptokinase | 1991 | Thrombolytic medicines | Thrombolytic medicines | 1 | Acute myocardial infarction | 1 | B01AD01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 1.5 million IU in vial powder for injection | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/147 | |
| streptomycin (injection) | 1977 | Antituberculosis medicines | Antituberculosis medicines | 1 | Multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis | 1 | J01GA01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 1 g powder for injection (as sulfate) as vial | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/356 | |
| succimer | 2011 | Antidotes and other substances used in poisonings > Specific | Antidotes and other substances used in poisonings > Specific | 1 | Harmful effects of or exposure to noxious substances, chiefly nonmedicinal as to source, not elsewhere classified | 1 | Oral > Solid: 100 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/48 | ||
| sulfadiazine | 1977 | Antipneumocystosis and antitoxoplasmosis medicines | Antipneumocystosis and antitoxoplasmosis medicines | 1 | Toxoplasmosis | 1 | J01EC02 | Oral > Solid: 500 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/385 | |
| sulfadoxine + pyrimethamine | 1979 | Antimalarial medicines > Medicines for chemoprevention | Antimalarial medicines > Medicines for chemoprevention | 1 | Malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum; Malaria | 2 | P01BD51 | Oral > Solid: 500 mg + 25 mg tablet Oral > Solid > dispersible tablet: 250 mg + 12.5 mg tablet | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/382 | |
| sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim | 1977 | Antipneumocystosis and antitoxoplasmosis medicines | Antipneumocystosis and antitoxoplasmosis medicines; Access group antibiotics | 2 | Pneumocystosis; Infectious cystitis; Infectious gastroenteritis or colitis without specification of infectious agent | 3 | J01EE01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 80 mg + 16 mg per mL in 5 mL ampoule; 80 mg + 16 mg per mL in 10 mL ampoule Oral > Liquid: 200 mg + 40 mg per 5 mL oral liquid Oral > Solid: 100 mg + 20 mg tablet; 400 mg + 80 mg tablet; 800 mg + 160 mg tablet Oral > Solid > dispersible tablet: 100 mg + 20 mg; Parenteral > General injections > IV: 80 mg + 16 mg per mL in 10 mL ampoule; 80 mg + 16 mg per mL in 5 mL ampoule Oral > Liquid: 200 mg + 40 mg per 5 mL oral liquid Oral > Solid: 100 mg + 20 mg tablet; 400 mg + 80 mg tablet; 800 mg + 160 mg tablet Oral > Solid > dispersible tablet: 100 mg + 20 mg Parenteral > General injections > IV: 80 mg + 16 mg per mL in 5 mL ampoule; 80 mg + 16 mg per mL in 10 mL ampoule | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/334 | |
| sulfasalazine | 1977 | Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) | Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs); Anti-inflammatory medicines | 2 | Rheumatoid arthritis, serology unspecified; Crohn disease site; Ulcerative colitis | 3 | A07EC01 | Oral > Solid: 500 mg; Oral > Solid: 500 mg Local > Rectal > Suppository: 500 mg Local > Rectal > Retention enema: 3 g per 100 mL | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/180 | |
| sumatriptan | 2021 | Medicines for cluster headache | Medicines for cluster headache; Medicines for acute migraine attacks | 2 | Trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias; Migraine | 2 | N02CC01 | Parenteral > General injections > SC: 6 mg per 0.5 mL in pre-filled pen; 6 mg per 0.5 mL in pre-filled syringe; Oral > Solid > tablet: 50 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/571 | |
| sunscreen, broad-spectrum | 2025 | Dermatological medicines > Sunscreens | Dermatological medicines > Sunscreens | 1 | Albinism or other specified genetically-determined hypomelanotic disorders | 1 | Topical: Therapeutic broad-spectrum sunscreens should contain proven active ingredients in appropriate amounts to absorb or filter UVA and UVB radiation, and have a high sun protection factor (SPF). | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/943 | ||
| suramin sodium | 1977 | Medicines for the treatment of 1st stage African trypanosomiasis | Medicines for the treatment of 1st stage African trypanosomiasis | 1 | Rhodesiense trypanosomiasis | 1 | P01CX02 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 1 g in vial | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/387 | |
| suxamethonium | 1977 | Muscle relaxants (peripherally-acting) and cholinesterase inhibitors | Muscle relaxants (peripherally-acting) and cholinesterase inhibitors | 1 | Muscle relaxants | 1 | M03AB01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 50 mg per mL in 2 mL ampoule (chloride) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/224 | |
| tacalcitol | 2021 | Dermatological medicines > Medicines affecting skin differentiation and proliferation | Dermatological medicines > Medicines affecting skin differentiation and proliferation | 1 | Psoriasis of unspecified type | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/610 | |||
| tacrolimus | 2021 | Immunomodulators for non-malignant disease | Immunomodulators for non-malignant disease | 1 | Failure or rejection of transplanted organs or tissues | 1 | L04AD02 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 5 mg per mL in 1 mL vial Oral > Liquid: 0.2 mg granules for oral suspension; 1 mg granules for oral suspension Oral > Solid: 0.5 mg (immediate-release); 0.75 mg (immediate-release); 1 mg (immediate-release); 2 mg (immediate-release); 5 mg (immediate-release) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/553 | |
| tamoxifen | 1984 | Hormones and antihormones | Hormones and antihormones | 1 | Malignant neoplasms of breast; Other specified malignant neoplasms of breast | 2 | L02BA01 | Oral > Solid: 10 mg (as citrate); 20 mg (as citrate) | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/115 | |
| tedizolid | 2023 | Reserve group antibiotics | Reserve group antibiotics | 1 | Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Vancomycin resistant Enterococcus | 3 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/784 | |||
| telmisartan + amlodipine | 2019 | Antihypertensive medicines | Antihypertensive medicines | 1 | Essential hypertension | 1 | C09DB04 | Oral > Solid: 40 mg + 5 mg; 80 mg + 5 mg; 80 mg + 10 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/533 | |
| telmisartan + hydrochlorothiazide | 2019 | Antihypertensive medicines | Antihypertensive medicines | 1 | Essential hypertension | 1 | C09DA07 | Oral > Solid: 40 mg + 12.5 mg; 80 mg + 12.5 mg; 80 mg + 25 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/534 | |
| tenofovir disoproxil fumarate | 2007 | Antiretrovirals > Nucleoside/Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors | Antiretrovirals > Nucleoside/Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors; Medicines for hepatitis B > Nucleoside/Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors | 2 | Contact with or exposure to human immunodeficiency virus; Human immunodeficiency virus disease without mention of tuberculosis or malaria, clinical stage unspecified; Chronic hepatitis B | 3 | J05AF07 | Oral > Solid: 300 mg tablet (equivalent to 245 mg tenofovir disoproxil) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/365 | |
| terbinafine | 2011 | Dermatological medicines > Antifungal medicines | Dermatological medicines > Antifungal medicines | 1 | Fungal infection of the skin | 1 | D01AE15 | Local > Topical > Cream: 1% terbinafine hydrochloride Local > Topical > Ointment: 1% terbinafine hydrochloride | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/151 | |
| terbutaline | 2025 | Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 1 | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Asthma | 2 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/673 | |||
| terizidone | 2025 | Antituberculosis medicines | Antituberculosis medicines | 1 | Multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis | 1 | Oral > Solid > capsule: 250 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/636 | ||
| testosterone | 1977 | Androgens | Androgens | 1 | Testicular dysfunction or testosterone-related disorders | 1 | G03BA03 | Parenteral > General injections > IM: 200 mg per mL in 1 mL ampoule (enantate) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/183 | |
| tetanus vaccine | 1977 | Immunologicals > Vaccines | Immunologicals > Vaccines | 1 | Need for immunization against tetanus alone | 1 | J07AM01 | All vaccines should comply with the WHO requirements for biological substances. | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/215 | |
| tetracaine | 1977 | Ophthalmological preparations > Local anaesthetics | Ophthalmological preparations > Local anaesthetics | 1 | Local anaesthetics | 1 | S01HA03 | Local > Ophthalmological > Solution (eye drops): 0.5% (hydrochloride) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/233 | |
| tetracycline | 1977 | Ophthalmological preparations > Anti-infective agents | Ophthalmological preparations > Anti-infective agents | 1 | Other specified conjunctivitis; Infectious keratitis; Infectious blepharitis; Trachoma | 4 | S01AA09 | Local > Ophthalmological > Ointment: 1% (tetracycline hydrochloride) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/232 | |
| thalidomide | 2019 | Immunomodulators | Immunomodulators | 1 | Plasma cell myeloma | 1 | L04AX02 | Oral > Solid: 50 mg | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/409 | |
| thiamine | 1979 | Vitamins and minerals | Vitamins and minerals | 1 | Vitamin B1 deficiency | 1 | A11DA01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 50 mg per mL in ampoule or vial (hydrochloride) Oral > Solid > tablet: 50 mg (hydrochloride) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/269 | |
| thiopental | 2021 | General anaesthetics and oxygen > Injectable medicines | General anaesthetics and oxygen > Injectable medicines | 1 | Anaesthetics and therapeutic gases | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/628 | |||
| tick-borne encephalitis vaccine | 2015 | Immunologicals > Vaccines | Immunologicals > Vaccines | 1 | Need for immunization against arthropod-borne viral encephalitis | 1 | J07BA01 | All vaccines should comply with the WHO requirements for biological substances. | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/437 | |
| timolol | 1984 | Ophthalmological preparations > Miotics and antiglaucoma medicines | Ophthalmological preparations > Miotics and antiglaucoma medicines | 1 | Ocular hypertension; Primary open-angle glaucoma | 2 | S01ED01 | Local > Ophthalmological > Solution (eye drops): 0.25% (hydrogen maleate); 0.5% (hydrogen maleate) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/237 | |
| tinidazole | 2023 | Antiamoebic and antigiardiasis medicines | Antiamoebic and antigiardiasis medicines | 1 | Amoebiasis | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/639 | |||
| tioguanine | 2011 | Cytotoxic medicines | Cytotoxic medicines | 1 | Lymphoid leukaemia, not elsewhere classified | 1 | L01BB03 | Oral > Solid: 40 mg | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/105 | |
| tiotropium bromide | 2019 | Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 1 | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 1 | R03BB04 | Respiratory > Inhalation > powder: 18 µg in capsule Respiratory > Inhalation > solution: 1.25 µg per actuation in soft mist inhaler; 2.5 µg per actuation in soft mist inhaler | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/539 | |
| tirzepatide | Hypoglycaemic agents | Hypoglycaemic agents | 1 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | 1 | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/976 | ||||
| tobramycin | 2021 | Ophthalmological preparations > Anti-infective agents | Ophthalmological preparations > Anti-infective agents | 1 | Other specified conjunctivitis; Infectious blepharitis | 2 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/654 | |||
| torasemide | 2023 | Diuretics | Diuretics; Medicines used in heart failure | 2 | Anuria or oliguria; Oedema; Heart failure | 3 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/649 | |||
| tranexamic acid | 2011 | Other medicines administered to the mother | Other medicines administered to the mother; Medicines affecting coagulation | 2 | Postpartum haemorrhage; Haemorrhage, not elsewhere classified | 2 | B02AA02 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 100 mg per mL in 10 mL ampoule | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/127 | |
| trastuzumab | 2015 | Targeted therapies | Targeted therapies | 1 | Carcinoma of breast, specialised type | 1 | L01FD01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 60 mg in vial powder for injection; 150 mg in vial powder for injection; 440 mg in vial powder for injection | true | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/106 | |
| triamcinolone hexacetonide | 2023 | Medicines for juvenile joint diseases | Medicines for juvenile joint diseases | 1 | Juvenile idiopathic arthritis | 1 | H02AB08 | Parenteral > Locoregional injections > Intra-articular: 20 mg per mL in vial | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/893 | |
| triclabendazole | 1997 | Antischistosomals and other antitrematode medicines | Antischistosomals and other antitrematode medicines | 1 | Paragonimiasis; Fascioliasis | 2 | P02BX04 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 250 mg (scored) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/65 | |
| trihexyphenidyl | 1977 | Medicines for parkinsonism | Medicines for parkinsonism | 1 | Parkinson disease | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/410 | |||
| trimethoprim | 1987 | Access group antibiotics | Access group antibiotics | 1 | Infectious cystitis | 1 | J01EA01 | Oral > Liquid: 50 mg per mL Oral > Solid: 100 mg; 200 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/599 | |
| triptorelin | 2021 | Hormones and antihormones | Hormones and antihormones | 1 | Malignant neoplasms of breast; Malignant neoplasms of prostate | 2 | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/874 | |||
| tropicamide | 1987 | Diagnostic agents > Ophthalmic medicines | Diagnostic agents > Ophthalmic medicines | 1 | Cycloplegic drug | 1 | S01FA06 | Local > Ophthalmological > Solution (eye drops): 0.5% | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/165 | |
| tropisetron | 2025 | Medicines for other common symptoms in palliative care | Medicines for other common symptoms in palliative care; Antiemetic medicines | 2 | Palliative care; Nausea or vomiting | 2 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/632 | |||
| tuberculin, purified protein derivative | 1977 | Immunologicals > Diagnostic agents | Immunologicals > Diagnostic agents | 1 | Mycobacterial diseases | 1 | V04CF01 | Parenteral > Locoregional injections > Intradermal: | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/203 | |
| typhoid vaccine | 1977 | Immunologicals > Vaccines | Immunologicals > Vaccines | 1 | Need for immunization against typhoid-paratyphoid alone | 1 | J07AP03 | All vaccines should comply with the WHO requirements for biological substances. | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/219 | |
| ulipristal | 2017 | Oral hormonal contraceptives | Oral hormonal contraceptives | 1 | Contact with health services for postcoital contraception | 1 | G03AD02 | Oral > Solid: 30 mg tablet (ulipristal acetate) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/187 | |
| umeclidinium | 2025 | Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 1 | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/676 | |||
| urea | 1995 | Dermatological medicines > Medicines affecting skin differentiation and proliferation | Dermatological medicines > Medicines affecting skin differentiation and proliferation; Dermatological medicines > Moisturizers | 2 | Xerosis cutis or asteatosis; Atopic eczema | 2 | D02AE01 | Local > Topical > Cream: 10%; 5% Local > Topical > Ointment: 10%; 5%; Local > Topical > Cream: 5 per % | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/161 | |
| ustekinumab | 2025 | Dermatological medicines > Medicines affecting skin differentiation and proliferation | Dermatological medicines > Medicines affecting skin differentiation and proliferation | 1 | Psoriasis of unspecified type | 1 | L04AC05 | Parenteral > General injections > SC: 45 mg per 0.5 mL in vial; 45 mg per 0.5 mL in pre-filled syringe; 45 mg per 0.5 mL in pre-filled pen; 90 mg per mL in pre-filled syringe; 90 mg per mL in pre-filled pen | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/946 | |
| valaciclovir | 2025 | Medicines for viral central nervous system infections | Medicines for viral central nervous system infections | 1 | Zoster; Herpes simplex infections; Varicella | 3 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/563 | |||
| valganciclovir | 2015 | Other antivirals | Other antivirals | 1 | Cytomegaloviral retinitis | 1 | J05AB14 | Oral > Liquid: 50 mg per mL (as hydrochloride) powder for oral solution Oral > Solid > tablet: 450 mg (as hydrochloride) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/474 | |
| valproic acid (sodium valproate) | 1979 | Antiseizure medicines | Antiseizure medicines; Medicines for bipolar disorders | 2 | Epilepsy or seizures; Status epilepticus; Bipolar or related disorders | 3 | N03AG01 | Oral > Liquid: 200 mg per 5 mL Oral > Solid: 200 mg tablet (enteric-coated); 500 mg tablet (enteric-coated); 100 mg tablet (crushable) Parenteral > General injections > IV: 100 mg per mL in 4 mL ampoule; 100 mg per mL in 10 mL ampoule; 100 mg per mL in 3 mL ampoule; Oral > Solid: 200 mg tablet (enteric-coated); 500 mg tablet (enteric-coated) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/55 | |
| valsartan + amlodipine + hydrochlorothiazide | 2025 | Antihypertensive medicines | Antihypertensive medicines | 1 | Essential hypertension | 1 | C09DX01 | Oral > Solid > dosage form: 160 mg + 5 mg + 12.5 mg; 160 mg + 5 mg + 25 mg; 160 mg + 10 mg + 12.5 mg; 160 mg + 10 mg + 25 mg; 320 mg + 10 mg + 25 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/962 | |
| vancomycin | 1995 | Watch group antibiotics | Watch group antibiotics | 1 | Necrotising fasciitis; Endophthalmitis; Intestinal infections due to Clostridioides difficile; Neutropaenia (high-risk) | 4 | J01XA01, A07AA09 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 250 mg in vial (as hydrochloride) powder for injection Oral > Solid > capsule: 125 mg (as hydrochloride); 250 mg (as hydrochloride) Parenteral > General injections > IV: 250 mg in vial (as hydrochloride) powder for injection; 500 mg in vial (as hydrochloride) powder for injection; 1 g in vial (as hydrochloride) powder for injection Parenteral > Locoregional injections > Intravitreal: 250 mg in vial (as hydrochloride) powder for injection; 500 mg in vial (as hydrochloride) powder for injection; 1 g in vial (as hydrochloride) powder for injection | ceftazidime; ceftriaxone | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/333 |
| varenicline | 2021 | Medicines for nicotine use disorders | Medicines for nicotine use disorders | 1 | Nicotine dependence | 1 | N07BA03 | Oral > Solid: 0.5 mg; 1 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/607 | |
| varicella vaccine | 2007 | Immunologicals > Vaccines | Immunologicals > Vaccines | 1 | Need for immunization against certain single viral diseases | 1 | J07BK01 | All vaccines should comply with the WHO requirements for biological substances. | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/221 | |
| vecuronium | 1991 | Muscle relaxants (peripherally-acting) and cholinesterase inhibitors | Muscle relaxants (peripherally-acting) and cholinesterase inhibitors | 1 | Muscle relaxants | 1 | M03AC03 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 10 mg in vial powder for injection (vecuronium bromide) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/225 | |
| verapamil | 1982 | Antianginal medicines | Antianginal medicines; Medicines for cluster headache; Antiarrhythmic medicines | 3 | Angina pectoris; Trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias; Supraventricular tachyarrhythmia | 3 | C08DA01 | Oral > Solid: 40 mg (hydrochloride); 80 mg (hydrochloride); Oral > Solid > tablet: 120 mg (hydrochloride) (immediate-release); 40 mg (hydrochloride) (immediate-release); 80 mg (hydrochloride) (immediate-release); 120 mg (hydrochloride) (extended-release); 180 mg (hydrochloride) (extended-release); 240 mg (hydrochloride) (extended-release); Parenteral > General injections > IV: 2.5 mg per mL in 2 mL ampoule (hydrochloride) Oral > Solid: 40 mg (hydrochloride); 80 mg (hydrochloride) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/133 | |
| vinblastine | 1984 | Cytotoxic medicines | Cytotoxic medicines | 1 | Other specified gliomas of brain; Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK-negative; Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK-positive; Langerhans cell histiocytosis; Kaposi sarcoma of unspecified primary site; Germ cell tumour of testis; Other specified malignant neoplasms of the ovary; Hodgkin lymphoma | 8 | L01CA01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 10 mg in vial (vinblastine sulfate); 10 mg per 10 mL in vial (vinblastine sulfate) Parenteral > General injections > IV: 10 mg in vial (vinblastine sulfate) | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/107 | |
| vincristine | 1977 | Cytotoxic medicines | Cytotoxic medicines | 1 | Other specified gliomas of brain; Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified; Burkitt lymphoma including Burkitt leukaemia; Lymphoid leukaemia, not elsewhere classified; Langerhans cell histiocytosis; Kaposi sarcoma of unspecified primary site; Rhabdomyosarcoma primary site; Hodgkin lymphoma; Malignant trophoblastic neoplasms of placenta; Follicular lymphoma; Ewing sarcoma of bone or articular cartilage of unspecified sites; Retinoblastoma; Malignant neoplasms of kidney, except renal pelvis | 13 | L01CA02 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 1 mg in vial (vincristine sulfate); 5 mg in vial (vincristine sulfate); 1 mg per mL in vial (vincristine sulfate); 2 mg per 2 mL in vial (vincristine sulfate) Parenteral > General injections > IV: 1 mg in vial (vincristine sulfate); 5 mg in vial (vincristine sulfate) | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/108 | |
| vinorelbine | 2015 | Cytotoxic medicines | Cytotoxic medicines | 1 | Rhabdomyosarcoma primary site; Other specified malignant neoplasms of bronchus or lung; Other specified malignant neoplasms of breast | 3 | L01CA04 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 10 mg per mL in 1 mL vial; 10 mg per mL in 5 mL vial Oral > Solid > capsule: 20 mg; 30 mg; 80 mg Parenteral > General injections > IV: 10 mg per mL in 1 mL vial; 10 mg per mL in 5 mL vial | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/109 | |
| voriconazole | 2017 | Antifungal medicines | Antifungal medicines | 1 | Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis; Invasive aspergillosis | 2 | J02AC03 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 200 mg in vial powder for injection Oral > Liquid: 40 mg per mL powder for oral liquid Oral > Solid: 50 mg tablet; 200 mg tablet | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/288 | |
| warfarin | 1977 | Medicines affecting coagulation | Medicines affecting coagulation | 1 | Venous thromboembolism; Cerebral ischaemic stroke due to embolic occlusion; Atrial fibrillation; Other specified diseases of arteries or arterioles | 4 | B01AA03 | Oral > Solid > tablet: 5 mg (scored) (sodium); 1 mg (scored) (sodium); 2 mg (scored) (sodium); 0.5 mg (scored) (sodium); 3 mg (scored) (sodium) Oral > Solid > tablet: 5 mg (scored) (sodium); 1 mg (scored) (sodium); 2 mg (scored) (sodium); 0.5 mg (scored) (sodium); 3 mg (scored) (sodium) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/128 | |
| water for injection | 1977 | Solutions correcting water, electrolyte and acid-base disturbances > Miscellaneous | Solutions correcting water, electrolyte and acid-base disturbances > Miscellaneous | 1 | Unspecified appropriateness of dosing or administration without injury or harm | 1 | Parenteral > General injections > unspecified: 2 mL ampoule; 5 mL ampoule; 10 mL ampoule | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/587 | ||
| whole blood | 2013 | Blood and blood components | Blood and blood components | 1 | Blood transfusion without reported diagnosis | 1 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/459 | ||
| xylometazoline | 2009 | Ear, nose and throat medicines [c] | Ear, nose and throat medicines [c] | 1 | Nasal congestion | 1 | R01AA07 | Local > Nasal > Spray: 0.05% equivalent to 0.5 mg per mL Local > Nasal > Drops: 0.05% equivalent to 0.5 mg per mL | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/272 | |
| yellow fever vaccine | 1979 | Immunologicals > Vaccines | Immunologicals > Vaccines | 1 | Need for immunization against certain single viral diseases | 1 | J07BL01 | All vaccines should comply with the WHO requirements for biological substances. | false | true | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/216 | |
| zanubrutinib | Targeted therapies | Targeted therapies | 1 | Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia or small lymphocytic lymphoma | 1 | Oral > Solid: 80 mg Oral > Solid > capsule: 80 mg | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/895 | |||
| zidovudine | 1997 | Antiretrovirals > Nucleoside/Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors | Antiretrovirals > Nucleoside/Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors | 1 | Human immunodeficiency virus disease without mention of tuberculosis or malaria, clinical stage unspecified | 1 | J05AF01 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 10 mg per mL in 20 mL vial solution for IV infusion Oral > Liquid: 50 mg per 5 mL Oral > Solid > tablet: 300 mg Oral > Solid > capsule: 250 mg | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/366 | |
| zinc sulfate | 2005 | Medicines for diarrhoea | Medicines for diarrhoea | 1 | Diarrhoea | 1 | A12CB01 | Oral > Solid > dispersible tablet: 20 mg (scored) | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/181 | |
| zoledronic acid | 2017 | Supportive medicines | Supportive medicines | 1 | Malignant neoplasm metastasis in bone or bone marrow | 1 | M05BA08 | Parenteral > General injections > IV: 4 mg per 5 mL in 5 mL vial; 4 mg per 100 mL in 100 mL bottle | true | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/110 | |
| zuclopenthixol decanoate | 2023 | Medicines for psychotic disorders | Medicines for psychotic disorders | 1 | Schizophrenia or other primary psychotic disorders | 1 | false | false | https://list.essentialmeds.org/medicines/925 |